3,814 research outputs found
Jet Substructure Without Trees
We present an alternative approach to identifying and characterizing jet
substructure. An angular correlation function is introduced that can be used to
extract angular and mass scales within a jet without reference to a clustering
algorithm. This procedure gives rise to a number of useful jet observables. As
an application, we construct a top quark tagging algorithm that is competitive
with existing methods.Comment: 22 pages, 16 figures, version accepted by JHE
Multiple Parton Interactions in Z+jets production at the LHC. A comparison of factorized and non--factorized double parton distribution functions
We examine the contribution of Multiple Parton Interactions to Z+n-jets
production at the LHC, n=2,3,4, where the Z boson is assumed to decay
leptonically. We compare the results obtained with the correlated GS09 double
parton distribution function with those obtained with two instances of fully
factorized single parton distribution functions: MSTW2008LO and CTEQ6LO. It
appears quite feasible to measure the MPI contribution to Z+2/3/4 jets already
in the first phase of the LHC with a total luminosity of one inverse femtobarn
at 7 TeV. If as expected the trigger threshold for single photons is around 80
GeV, Z+2-jets production may well turn out to be more easily observable than
the gamma+3-jets channel. The MPI cross section is dominated by relatively soft
events with two jets balancing in transverse momentum.Comment: 15 pages, 3 plot
Timing and documentation of key events in neonatal resuscitation
Only a minority of babies require extended resuscitation at birth. Resuscitations concerning babies who die or who survive with adverse outcomes are increasingly subject to medicolegal scrutiny. Our aim was to describe real-life timings of key resuscitation events observed in a historical series of newborns who required full resuscitation at birth. Twenty-seven babies born in our centre over a 10-year period had an Apgar score of 0 at 1 min and required full resuscitation. The median (95% confidence interval) postnatal age at achieving key events were commencing cardiac compressions, 2.0 (1.5–4.0) min; endotracheal intubation, 3.8 (2.0–6.0) min; umbilical venous catheterisation 9.0 (7.5–12.0) min; and administration of first adrenaline dose 10.0 (8.0–14.0) min. Conclusion: The wide range of timings presented from real-life cases may prove useful to clinicians involved in medical negligence claims and provide a baseline for quality improvements in resuscitation training
Improved Structure Preserving Signatures under Standard Bilinear Assumptions
We show that the recent structure-preserving signature (SPS) scheme of
Kiltz, Pan and Wee [CRYPTO 2015], provably secure under the standard bilinear pairings group
assumption SXDH, can be improved to have one less group element
and one less pairing product equation in the signature verification step. Our
improved SPS scheme only requires six group elements (five in one group, and one in the other),
and two pairing product equations for verification. The number of pairing product equations is
optimal, as it matches a known lower bound of Abe et al [CRYPTO 2011]. The number of group elements in the
signature also approaches the known lower bound of four for SXDH assumption.
Further, while the earlier scheme had a security reduction which incurred a security loss that is
quadratic in number of queries , our novel security reduction incurs only a factor
loss in security.
Structure-preserving signatures are used pervasively in group signatures, group encryptions, blind signatures,
proxy signatures and many other anonymous credential applications. Our work directly leads to
improvements in these schemes. Moreover, the improvements are usually of a higher multiplicative factor order,
as these constructions use Groth-Sahai NIZK proofs for zero-knowledge verification of pairing-product equations.
We also give our construction under the more general and standard \D_k-MDDH
(Matrix-DDH) assumption. The signature size in our scheme is elements in one group, and one element in the other.
The number of pairing product equations required for verification is only ,
whereas the earlier schemes required at least equations
Superfield description of gravitational couplings in generic 5D supergravity
We complete the N=1 superfield action for the generic system of vector
multiplets and hypermultiplets coupled to 5D supergravity, which is based on
the superconformal formulation. Especially we clarify the gravitational
couplings to the bulk matters at linear order in the gravitational superfields.
They consist of four N=1 superfields, two of which are Z_2-odd when the fifth
dimension is compactified on S^1/Z_2. This formulation provides a powerful tool
to calculate quantum effects, keeping the N=1 off-shell structure.Comment: 36 pages, typos correcte
Phase I study of TP300 in patients with advanced solid tumors with pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenetic and pharmacodynamic analyses
Background: A Phase I dose escalation first in man study assessed maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and recommended Phase II dose of TP300, a water soluble prodrug of the Topo-1 inhibitor TP3076, and active metabolite, TP3011.
<p/>Methods: Eligible patients with refractory advanced solid tumors, adequate performance status, haematologic, renal, and hepatic function. TP300 was given as a 1-hour i.v. infusion 3-weekly and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of TP300, TP3076 and TP3011 were analysed. Polymorphisms in CYP2D6, AOX1 and UGT1A1 were studied and DNA strand-breaks measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
<p/>Results: 32 patients received TP300 at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 mg/m2. MTD was 10 mg/m2; DLTs at 12 (2/4 patients) and 10 mg/m2 (3/12) included thrombocytopenia and febrile neutropenia; diarrhea was uncommon. Six patients (five had received irinotecan), had stable disease for 1.5-5 months. TP3076 showed dose proportionality in AUC and Cmax from 1--10 mg/m2. Genetic polymorphisms had no apparent influence on exposure. DNA strand-breaks were detected after TP300 infusion.
<p/>Conclusions: TP300 had predictable hematologic toxicity, and diarrhea was uncommon. AUC at MTD is substantially greater than for SN38. TP3076 and TP3011 are equi-potent with SN38, suggesting a PK advantage
Jet Dipolarity: Top Tagging with Color Flow
A new jet observable, dipolarity, is introduced that can distinguish whether
a pair of subjets arises from a color singlet source. This observable is
incorporated into the HEPTopTagger and is shown to improve discrimination
between top jets and QCD jets for moderate to high pT.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures (updated to JHEP version
Locality in Theory Space
Locality is a guiding principle for constructing realistic quantum field
theories. Compactified theories offer an interesting context in which to think
about locality, since interactions can be nonlocal in the compact directions
while still being local in the extended ones. In this paper, we study locality
in "theory space", four-dimensional Lagrangians which are dimensional
deconstructions of five-dimensional Yang-Mills. In explicit ultraviolet (UV)
completions, one can understand the origin of theory space locality by the
irrelevance of nonlocal operators. From an infrared (IR) point of view, though,
theory space locality does not appear to be a special property, since the
lowest-lying Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes are simply described by a gauged nonlinear
sigma model, and locality imposes seemingly arbitrary constraints on the KK
spectrum and interactions. We argue that these constraints are nevertheless
important from an IR perspective, since they affect the four-dimensional cutoff
of the theory where high energy scattering hits strong coupling. Intriguingly,
we find that maximizing this cutoff scale implies five-dimensional locality. In
this way, theory space locality is correlated with weak coupling in the IR,
independent of UV considerations. We briefly comment on other scenarios where
maximizing the cutoff scale yields interesting physics, including theory space
descriptions of QCD and deconstructions of anti-de Sitter space.Comment: 40 pages, 11 figures; v2: references and clarifications added; v3:
version accepted by JHE
TeV scale mirage mediation in NMSSM
We study the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model. We consider soft
supersymmetry breaking parameters, which are induced by the mirage mediation
mechanism of supersymmetry breaking. We concentrate on the mirage mediation,
where the so-called mirage scale is the TeV scale. In this scenario, we can
realize the up-type Higgs soft mass of O(200) GeV, while other masses such as
gaugino masses and stop masses are heavy such as 1 TeV or more. Cancellation
between the effective \mu-term and the down-type Higgs soft mass ameliorates
the fine-tuning in the electroweak symmetry breaking even for \mu=O(500) GeV.
The mixing between the doublet and singlet Higgs bosons is suppressed by
(\lambda/\kappa)/tan\beta. Then the lightest doublet Higgs mass naturally
reaches 125 GeV lifted by the new quartic coupling. The higgsino and singlino
are light and their linear combination is the lightest superparticle.Comment: 24 pages, 24 figures, Numerical analysis is replaced with the version
calculated by NMSSMTools. Comments and references are added on the suppressed
doublet-singlet mixing and cases in which the 125 GeV boson is the 2nd
lightest CP-even scalar. The version accepted by JHE
Simultaneous Screening of Multiple Mutations by Invader Assay Improves Molecular Diagnosis of Hereditary Hearing Loss: A Multicenter Study
Although etiological studies have shown genetic disorders to be a common cause of congenital/early-onset sensorineural hearing loss, there have been no detailed multicenter studies based on genetic testing. In the present report, 264 Japanese patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss from 33 ENT departments nationwide participated. For these patients, we first applied the Invader assay for screening 47 known mutations of 13 known deafness genes, followed by direct sequencing as necessary. A total of 78 (29.5%) subjects had at least one deafness gene mutation. Mutations were more frequently found in the patients with congenital or early-onset hearing loss, i.e., in those with an awareness age of 0–6 years, mutations were significantly higher (41.8%) than in patients with an older age of awareness (16.0%). Among the 13 genes, mutations in GJB2 and SLC26A4 were mainly found in congenital or early-onset patients, in contrast with mitochondrial mutations (12S rRNA m.1555A>G, tRNA(Leu(UUR)) m.3243A>G), which were predominantly found in older-onset patients. The present method of simultaneous screening of multiple deafness mutations by Invader assay followed by direct sequencing will enable us to detect deafness mutations in an efficient and practical manner for clinical use
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