16 research outputs found

    Optimization of lipase production by solid-state fermentation of olive pomace: from flask to laboratory-scale packed-bed bioreactor

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    Lipases are versatile catalysts with many applications and can be produced by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using agro-industrial wastes. The aim of this work was to maximize the production of Aspergillus ibericus lipase under SSF of olive pomace (OP) and wheat bran (WB), evaluating the effect on lipase production of C/N ratio, lipids, phenols, content of sugars of substrates and nitrogen source addition. Moreover, the implementation of the SSF process in a packed-bed bioreactor and the improvement of lipase extraction conditions were assessed. Low C/N ratios and high content of lipids led to maximum lipase production. Optimum SSF conditions were achieved with a C/N mass ratio of 25.2 and 10.2% (w/w) lipids in substrate, by the mixture of OP:WB (1:1) and supplemented with 1.33% (w/w) (NH4)2SO4. Studies in a packed-bed bioreactor showed that the lower aeration rates tested prevented substrate dehydration, improving lipase production. In this work, the important role of Triton X-100 on lipase extraction from the fermented solid substrate has been shown. A final lipase activity of 223 ± 5 U g1 (dry basis) was obtained after 7 days of fermentation.Felisbela Oliveira acknowledges the ïŹnancial support from Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e Tecnologia (FCT) of Portugal through grant SFRH/BD/87953/2012. JosĂ© Manuel Salgado was supported by grant CEB/N2020–INV/01/2016 from Project ‘‘BIOTECNORTE-Underpinning Biotechnology to foster the north of Portugal bioeconomy’’ (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004). Luı ÂŽs Abrunhosa was supported by grant UMINHO/BPD/51/2015 from project UID/BIO/04469/2013 ïŹnanced by FCT/MEC (OE). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER006684) and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020–Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. Noelia PĂ©rez-RodrĂ­guez acknowledges the ïŹnancial support of FPU fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. The authors thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the ïŹnancial support of this work (Project CTQ2015-71436-C2-1-R), which has partial ïŹnancial support from the FEDER funds of the European Union.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Aspectos clĂ­nicos e epidemiolĂłgicos de pacientes queimados internados em um Hospital de Ensino

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    Os objetivos foram: caracterizar os pacientes queimados segundo as variĂĄveis epidemiolĂłgicas e clĂ­nicas e identificar os tratamentos, procedimentos invasivos e as complicaçÔes. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo e quantitativo. A amostra constituiu-se de 138 pacientes queimados internados em um hospital de ensino, no perĂ­odo de janeiro de 2003 a dezembro de 2007, de Uberaba-MG. Dos 138 pacientes internados, 98 (71,0%) eram do gĂȘnero masculino e a mĂ©dia de idade foi de 26,1 anos. O tempo mĂ©dio de internação foi de 16,2 dias; 93 (67,4%) eram de natureza acidental e a principal causa 68 (49,3%) foi a chama aberta. A superfĂ­cie corporal queimada mĂ©dia foi de 20,8% e a maioria 122 (88,4%) apresentou queimadura de 2° grau. A terapia tĂłpica mais utilizada 93 (67,4%) foi a sulfadiazina de prata. A sondagem vesical de demora foi instalada em 47 (34,0%) pacientes; 30 (21,7%) foram submetidos Ă  enxertia e 28 (20,3%) ao desbridamento; 14 (10,1%) apresentaram infecção da lesĂŁo

    Fibrose cĂ­stica: uma abordagem clĂ­nica e nutricional Cystic fibrosis: a clinical and nutritional approach

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    A fibrose cĂ­stica Ă© a doença genĂ©tica letal mais comum em populaçÔes caucasianas e Ă© caracterizada por infecçÔes crĂŽnicas e recorrentes do pulmĂŁo, insuficiĂȘncia pancreĂĄtica e elevados nĂ­veis de cloro no suor. É uma doença de herança autossĂŽmica recessiva causada pela mutação no gene do Regulador da CondutĂąncia Transmembrana da Fibrose CĂ­stica, que induz o organismo a produzir secreçÔes espessas e viscosas que obstruem os pulmĂ”es, o pĂąncreas e o ducto biliar. Muitos pacientes apresentam insuficiĂȘncia pancreĂĄtica, que leva a mĂĄ-absorção de nutrientes especialmente de proteĂ­nas e lipĂ­deos e a complicaçÔes gastrintestinais tais como prolapso retal, sĂ­ndrome da obstrução intestinal, constipação e cirrose hepĂĄtica. A fibrose cĂ­stica normalmente Ă© diagnosticada na infĂąncia, pelos programas de triagem neonatal ou pelo teste do suor. Devido aos vĂĄrios sistemas envolvidos e Ă  variabilidade e cronicidade da doença, uma abordagem multidisciplinar Ă© essencial para auxiliar o paciente e sua famĂ­lia a compreenderem a doença e aderirem ao tratamento. A terapia atual da fibrose cĂ­stica inclui a manutenção do estado nutricional, a remoção das secreçÔes das vias aĂ©reas com fisioterapia e mucolĂ­ticos, o uso de antibiĂłticos para prevenção e tratamento de infecçÔes, a prescrição de suplementos energĂ©ticos, dietas hiperlĂ­pidicas e hiperprotĂ©icas, bem como a suplementação de minerais e vitaminas lipossolĂșveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar breve revisĂŁo de literatura sobre os aspectos clĂ­nicos e nutricionais da fibrose cĂ­stica.<br>Cystic fibrosis is the most common, lethal, genetic disease in Caucasian populations and is characterized by chronic and recurrent lung infections, pancreatic insufficiency and high sweat chloride levels. It is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene which induces the body to produce thick and viscous mucus secretions that obstruct the lungs, pancreas and bile duct. Many patients have pancreatic insufficiency which leads to malabsorption of nutrients, especially proteins and fats and to gastrointestinal complications such as rectal prolapse, intestinal obstruction syndrome, constipation and hepatic cirrhosis. Cystic fibrosis is usually diagnosed during childhood by neonatal screening programs or sweat test. Because of the multiple systems involved and the variability and chronicity of the disease, a multidisciplinary team is essential to help patients and their families understand the disease and adhere to treatment. Current cystic fibrosis therapy includes maintaining the nutritional status, clearing the airways with physiotherapy and mucolytics, preventing and treating infections with antibiotics and prescribing energy supplements, high-fat and high-protein diets, as well as minerals and fat-soluble vitamins. The purpose of this study was to present a brief literature review of the clinical and nutritional aspects of cystic fibrosis

    Experiences with Stilling Basins

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    Bucket-Type Energy Dissipator

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