57 research outputs found
First report of the land planarian Diversibipalium multilineatum (Makino & Shirasawa, 1983) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Continenticola) in Europe
Life-History Evolution on Tropidurinae Lizards: Influence of Lineage, Body Size and Climate
The study of life history variation is central to the evolutionary theory. In many ectothermic lineages, including lizards, life history traits are plastic and relate to several sources of variation including body size, which is both a factor and a life history trait likely to modulate reproductive parameters. Larger species within a lineage, for example tend to be more fecund and have larger clutch size, but clutch size may also be influenced by climate, independently of body size. Thus, the study of climatic effects on lizard fecundity is mandatory on the current scenario of global climatic change. We asked how body and clutch size have responded to climate through time in a group of tropical lizards, the Tropidurinae, and how these two variables relate to each other. We used both traditional and phylogenetic comparative methods. Body and clutch size are variable within Tropidurinae, and both traits are influenced by phylogenetic position. Across the lineage, species which evolved larger size produce more eggs and neither trait is influenced by temperature components. A climatic component of precipitation, however, relates to larger female body size, and therefore seems to exert an indirect relationship on clutch size. This effect of precipitation on body size is likely a correlate of primary production. A decrease in fecundity is expected for Tropidurinae species on continental landmasses, which are predicted to undergo a decrease in summer rainfall
Population Structure of the Bacterial Pathogen Xylella fastidiosa among Street Trees in Washington D.C.
Funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund.Bacterial leaf scorch, associated with the bacterial pathogen Xylella fastidiosa, is a widely
established and problematic disease of landscape ornamentals in Washington D.C. A multilocus
sequence typing analysis was performed using 10 housekeeping loci for X. fastidiosa
strains in order to better understand the epidemiology of leaf scorch disease in this municipal
environment. Samples were collected from 7 different tree species located throughout
the District of Columbia, consisting of 101 samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic foliage
from 84 different trees. Five strains of the bacteria were identified. Consistent with
prior data, these strains were host specific, with only one strain associated with members of
the red oak family, one strain associated with American elm, one strain associated with
American sycamore, and two strains associated with mulberry. Strains found for asymptomatic
foliage were the same as strains from the symptomatic foliage on individual trees.
Cross transmission of the strains was not observed at sites with multiple species of infected
trees within an approx. 25 m radius of one another. X. fastidiosa strain specificity observed
for each genus of tree suggests a highly specialized host-pathogen relationship
Reproduction of a whiptail lizard (Ameivula ocellifera, Teiidae) from a coastal area in northeastern Brazil
Acquisition and Evolution of Plant Pathogenesis–Associated Gene Clusters and Candidate Determinants of Tissue-Specificity in Xanthomonas
is a large genus of plant-associated and plant-pathogenic bacteria. Collectively, members cause diseases on over 392 plant species. Individually, they exhibit marked host- and tissue-specificity. The determinants of this specificity are unknown. lineage. genome and indicate that differentiation with respect to host- and tissue-specificity involved not major modifications or wholesale exchange of clusters, but subtle changes in a small number of genes or in non-coding sequences, and/or differences outside the clusters, potentially among regulatory targets or secretory substrates
Diet of the lizard Liolaemus occipitalis in the coastal sand dunes of southern Brazil (Squamata-Liolaemidae)
The diversity of citrus endophytic bacteria and their interactions with Xylella fastidiosa and host plants
A novel linkage map of sugarcane with evidence for clustering of retrotransposon-based markers
Neotropical coastal lagoons: an appraisal of their biodiversity, functioning, threats and conservation management
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Prospects for Observing and Localizing Gravitational-Wave Transients with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo.
We present a possible observing scenario for the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We determine the expected sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals, and study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source. We report our findings for gravitational-wave transients, with particular focus on gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary neutron-star systems, which are considered the most promising for multi-messenger astronomy. The ability to localize the sources of the detected signals depends on the geographical distribution of the detectors and their relative sensitivity, and 90% credible regions can be as large as thousands of square degrees when only two sensitive detectors are operational. Determining the sky position of a significant fraction of detected signals to areas of 5 deg2 to 20 deg2 will require at least three detectors of sensitivity within a factor of ∼ 2 of each other and with a broad frequency bandwidth. Should the third LIGO detector be relocated to India as expected, a significant fraction of gravitational-wave signals will be localized to a few square degrees by gravitational-wave observations alone
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