35,292 research outputs found
Evolution of Th2 responses : Characterization of IL-4/13 in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and studies of expression and biological activity
Acknowledgements This research was funded by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP7) of the European Union (Grant Agreement 311993 TARGETFISH). T.W. received funding from the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland). MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference number HR09011) and contributing institutions.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Predicting Fluid Intelligence of Children using T1-weighted MR Images and a StackNet
In this work, we utilize T1-weighted MR images and StackNet to predict fluid
intelligence in adolescents. Our framework includes feature extraction, feature
normalization, feature denoising, feature selection, training a StackNet, and
predicting fluid intelligence. The extracted feature is the distribution of
different brain tissues in different brain parcellation regions. The proposed
StackNet consists of three layers and 11 models. Each layer uses the
predictions from all previous layers including the input layer. The proposed
StackNet is tested on a public benchmark Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development
Neurocognitive Prediction Challenge 2019 and achieves a mean squared error of
82.42 on the combined training and validation set with 10-fold
cross-validation. In addition, the proposed StackNet also achieves a mean
squared error of 94.25 on the testing data. The source code is available on
GitHub.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, Accepted by MICCAI ABCD-NP Challenge
2019; Added ND
Turbulent thermal diffusion in a multi-fan turbulence generator with the imposed mean temperature gradient
We studied experimentally the effect of turbulent thermal diffusion in a
multi-fan turbulence generator which produces a nearly homogeneous and
isotropic flow with a small mean velocity. Using Particle Image Velocimetry and
Image Processing techniques we showed that in a turbulent flow with an imposed
mean vertical temperature gradient (stably stratified flow) particles
accumulate in the regions with the mean temperature minimum. These experiments
detected the effect of turbulent thermal diffusion in a multi-fan turbulence
generator for relatively high Reynolds numbers. The experimental results are in
compliance with the results of the previous experimental studies of turbulent
thermal diffusion in oscillating grids turbulence (Buchholz et al. 2004;
Eidelman et al. 2004). We demonstrated that turbulent thermal diffusion is an
universal phenomenon. It occurs independently of the method of turbulence
generation, and the qualitative behavior of particle spatial distribution in
these very different turbulent flows is similar. Competition between turbulent
fluxes caused by turbulent thermal diffusion and turbulent diffusion determines
the formation of particle inhomogeneities.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure, REVTEX4, Experiments in Fluids, in pres
Benchmark performance of low-cost Sb2Se3 photocathodes for unassisted solar overall water splitting
Determining cost-effective semiconductors exhibiting desirable properties for commercial photoelectrochemical water splitting remains a challenge. Herein, we report a Sb2Se3 semiconductor that satisfies most requirements for an ideal high-performance photoelectrode, including a small band gap and favourable cost, optoelectronic properties, processability, and photocorrosion stability. Strong anisotropy, a major issue for Sb2Se3, is resolved by suppressing growth kinetics via close space sublimation to obtain high-quality compact thin films with favourable crystallographic orientation. The Sb2Se3 photocathode exhibits a high photocurrent density of almost 30mAcm(-2) at 0V against the reversible hydrogen electrode, the highest value so far. We demonstrate unassisted solar overall water splitting by combining the optimised Sb2Se3 photocathode with a BiVO4 photoanode, achieving a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 1.5% with stability over 10h under simulated 1 sun conditions employing a broad range of solar fluxes. Low-cost Sb2Se3 can thus be an attractive breakthrough material for commercial solar fuel production. While photoelectrochemical water splitting offers an integrated means to convert sunlight to a renewable fuel, cost-effective light-absorbers are rare. Here, authors report Sb2Se3 photocathodes for high-performance photoelectrochemical water splitting devices
Metrics with Prescribed Ricci Curvature near the Boundary of a Manifold
Suppose is a manifold with boundary. Choose a point . We
investigate the prescribed Ricci curvature equation \Ric(G)=T in a
neighborhood of under natural boundary conditions. The unknown here is
a Riemannian metric. The letter in the right-hand side denotes a
(0,2)-tensor. Our main theorems address the questions of the existence and the
uniqueness of solutions. We explain, among other things, how these theorems may
be used to study rotationally symmetric metrics near the boundary of a solid
torus . The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the Einstein
equation on .Comment: 13 page
Nanoparticulate TiO2-promoted PtRu/C catalyst for methanol oxidation: TiO2 nanoparticles promoted PtRu/C catalyst for MOR
To improve the electrocatalytic properties of PtRu/C in methanol electrooxidation, nanoparticulate TiO2-promoted PtRu/C catalysts were prepared by directly mixing TiO2 nanoparticles with PtRu/C. Using cyclic voltammetry, it was found that the addition of 10 wt% TiO2 nanoparticles can effectively improve the electrocatalytic activity and stability of the catalyst during methanol electro-oxidation. The value of the apparent activation energy (Ea) for TiO2-PtRu/C was lower than that for pure PtRu/C at a potential range from 0.45 to 0.60 V. A synergistic effect between PtRu and TiO2 nanoparticles is likely to facilitate the removal of CO-like intermediates from the surface of PtRu catalyst and reduce the poisoning of the PtRu catalysts during methanol electrooxidation. Therefore, we conclude that the direct introduction of TiO2 nanoparticles into PtRu/ C catalysts offers an improved facile method to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of PtRu/C catalyst in methanol electrooxidation.Web of Scienc
Evaluating regional emission estimates using the TRACE-P observations
Measurements obtained during the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) experiment are used in conjunction with regional modeling analysis to evaluate emission estimates for Asia. A comparison between the modeled values and the observations is one method to evaluate emissions. Based on such analysis it is concluded that the inventory performs well for the light alkanes, CO, ethyne, SO2, and NOₓ. Furthermore, based on model skill in predicting important photochemical species such as O₃, HCHO, OH, HO₂, and HNO₃, it is found that the emissions inventories are of sufficient quality to support preliminary studies of ozone production. These are important finding in light of the fact that emission estimates for many species (such as speciated NMHCs and BC) for this region have only recently been estimated and are highly uncertain. Using a classification of the measurements built upon trajectory analysis, we compare observed species distributions and ratios of species to those modeled and to ratios estimated from the emissions inventory. It is shown that this technique can reconstruct a spatial distribution of propane/benzene that looks remarkably similar to that calculated from the emissions inventory. A major discrepancy between modeled and observed behavior is found in the Yellow Sea, where modeled values are systematically underpredicted. The integrated analysis suggests that this may be related to an underestimation of emissions from the domestic sector. The emission is further tested by comparing observed and measured species ratios in identified megacity plumes. Many of the model derived ratios (e.g., BC/CO, SOₓ/C₂H₂) fall within ∼25% of those observed and all fall outside of a factor of 2.5. (See Article file for details of the abstract.)Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringAuthor name used in this publication: Wang, T
Selective scattering between Floquet-Bloch and Volkov states in a topological insulator
The coherent optical manipulation of solids is emerging as a promising way to
engineer novel quantum states of matter. The strong time periodic potential of
intense laser light can be used to generate hybrid photon-electron states.
Interaction of light with Bloch states leads to Floquet-Bloch states which are
essential in realizing new photo-induced quantum phases. Similarly, dressing of
free electron states near the surface of a solid generates Volkov states which
are used to study non-linear optics in atoms and semiconductors. The
interaction of these two dynamic states with each other remains an open
experimental problem. Here we use Time and Angle Resolved Photoemission
Spectroscopy (Tr-ARPES) to selectively study the transition between these two
states on the surface of the topological insulator Bi2Se3. We find that the
coupling between the two strongly depends on the electron momentum, providing a
route to enhance or inhibit it. Moreover, by controlling the light polarization
we can negate Volkov states in order to generate pure Floquet-Bloch states.
This work establishes a systematic path for the coherent manipulation of solids
via light-matter interaction.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, final version to appear in Nature Physic
A pilot study of the King LT supralaryngeal airway use in a rural Iowa EMS system
Introduction In 2003, the King Laryngeal Tube (LT) received FDA approval for US sales. Prehospital systems in urban setting have begun evaluating and adopting the LT for clinical airway management. However, it is not routinely approved by State EMS Boards for use by all prehospita
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