Multi-users of a Product: Emergence of Contradictions

Part 4: TRIZ and FunctionsInternational audienceThe use of the product is randomly taken into account in the final phase of the design process, which leads to certain iterations and difficulty in use.Generally, the designer has taken into account customer requirements without really knowing the end user, sometimes our end users.By analyzing the different users, it is a question of measuring the functionality of the product for each of them. The various functional analyses must take into account the needs of all these users. Thus, it is necessary to identify: the expectations and cognitive barriers of each user in a competitive environment and to consider the evolution of the use and performance of the product and its interaction with its users.In this article, it’s about listing the product features for each user case. The different functional analyzes must present the expectations for each use case. Thus, in an order of the product use life cycle, it is necessary to identify the purposes and behaviors of users and the level of constraint of each feature. By comparing the functions between them, it is a question of identifying the contradictions or not that can have an effect on the design of the product. A concrete example (baby car seat), is proposed in this article in order to target the different users from the functions and to identify the contradictions that can be resolved by the TRIZ principle

Reporting some marginal discourses to root a de-design approach in IS development

In this work, we challenge the concept of design in the development of information systems. Information systems are usually considered to be so complex systems that they simply cannot be developed outside of a specific activity of planning. However, in the specialized literature, some voices have also been raised saying that it is this situated and contingent complexity that always prevents information systems from having been really effectively designed. These voices have so far criticized the formal and methodical approaches in IS design, and not design itself, thus exonerating the role of the modernist designer from the current rate of failure and user dissatisfaction in IT projects. The current idea of designer has reinforced over time a divide between modeling and practicing, design and use, and the hegemony of the planning mind over that of the performer. The current convergence of networked application paradigms and the Web 2.0 infrastructure has led to agile methods, open design concepts and on the idea of a prosuming user. This paper outlines some discourses in IS research that could challenge the more traditional ones in current IT design, and argues about the importance to revamp some of the most important socio-technical principles for maintaining a critical gaze on positivistic and automation stances, mitigating the effects of the modernist over-design attitude, and make IS development more sustainable