Topological Gaseous Plasmon Polariton in Realistic Plasma

Nontrivial topology in bulk matter has been linked with the existence of topologically protected interfacial states. We show that a gaseous plasmon polariton (GPP), an electromagnetic surface wave existing at the boundary of magnetized plasma and vacuum, has a topological origin that arises from the nontrivial topology of magnetized plasma. Because a gaseous plasma cannot sustain a sharp interface with discontinuous density, one must consider a gradual density falloff with scale length comparable to or longer than the wavelength of the wave. We show that the GPP may be found within a gapped spectrum in present-day laboratory devices, suggesting that platforms are currently available for experimental investigation of topological wave physics in plasmas

Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Intravitreal Bevacizumab Versus Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

published_or_final_versio

B-H relations of magnetorheological fluid under 2-D rotating magnetic field excitation

This paper presents the investigation of the B-H relations of a magnetorheological (MR) fluid under one-dimensional (1-D) alternating and two-dimensional (2-D) rotating magnetic field excitations where B is magnetic flux density and H is magnetic field strength. The measurement is carried out by using a single sheet tester with an MR fluid sample. The measurement principle and structure of the testing system are described. The calibration of the B and H sensing coils are also reported. The relations between B and H on the MR fluid sample under 2-D rotating magnetic field excitations have been measured and compared with the results under 1-D excitations showing that the B-H relations under 2-D excitations are significantly different from the 1-D case. These data would be useful for design and analysis of MR smart structures like MR dampers. © 2013 IEEE

ITPKA expression is a novel prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma

published_or_final_versio

Uncooled DWDM using orthogonal coding for low-cost datacommunication applications

We describe a novel dense wavelength-division multiplexed systems (DWDM) system where by introducing orthogonality between adjacent channels and by using overlapping arrayed waveguide grating filter profiles, laser transmitters may operate without the need for thermoelecric cooling. Compared with a traditional DWDMsystem, a power consumption saving of up to 68% may be realized using this scheme. Results of a proof-of-principle 100 Gb/s (10×10 Gb/s) experiments that use alternating NRZ and Manchester (CAP-2Q) modulation is reported.The authors would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) and Corning for awarding the author the grand prize best student paper at OFC 2014.This is the final published version. It first appeared at ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=7024915

Neural Network-Based Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Profile Compensation for Glaucoma Diagnosis in Myopia: Model Development and Validation

BACKGROUND: Due to the axial elongation-associated changes in the optic nerve and retina in high myopia, traditional methods like optic disc evaluation and visual field are not able to correctly differentiate glaucomatous lesions. It has been clinically challenging to detect glaucoma in highly myopic eyes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a neural network to adjust for the dependence of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (RNFLT) profile on age, gender, and ocular biometric parameters and to evaluate the network's performance for glaucoma diagnosis, especially in high myopia. METHODS: RNFLT with 768 points on the circumferential 3.4-mm scan was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A fully connected network and a radial basis function network were trained for vertical (scaling) and horizontal (shift) transformation of the RNFLT profile with adjustment for age, axial length (AL), disc-fovea angle, and distance in a test group of 2223 nonglaucomatous eyes. The performance of RNFLT compensation was evaluated in an independent group of 254 glaucoma patients and 254 nonglaucomatous participants. RESULTS: By applying the RNFL compensation algorithm, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for detecting glaucoma increased from 0.70 to 0.84, from 0.75 to 0.89, from 0.77 to 0.89, and from 0.78 to 0.87 for eyes in the highest 10% percentile subgroup of the AL distribution (mean 26.0, SD 0.9 mm), highest 20% percentile subgroup of the AL distribution (mean 25.3, SD 1.0 mm), highest 30% percentile subgroup of the AL distribution (mean 24.9, SD 1.0 mm), and any AL (mean 23.5, SD 1.2 mm), respectively, in comparison with unadjusted RNFLT. The difference between uncompensated and compensated RNFLT values increased with longer axial length, with enlargement of 19.8%, 18.9%, 16.2%, and 11.3% in the highest 10% percentile subgroup, highest 20% percentile subgroup, highest 30% percentile subgroup, and all eyes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In a population-based study sample, an algorithm-based adjustment for age, gender, and ocular biometric parameters improved the diagnostic precision of the RNFLT profile for glaucoma detection particularly in myopic and highly myopic eyes

Cycle-to-cycle combustion variability modelling in spark ignited engines for control purposes

This is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in International Journal of Engine Research. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published as https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419885754.[EN] A control-oriented model of spark ignition combustion is presented. The model makes use of avaliable signals, such as spark advance, air mass, intake pressure, and lambda, to characterize not only the average combustion evolution but also the cycle-to-cycle variability. The conventional turbulent flame propagation model with two states, namely entrained mass and burnt mass, is improved by look-up tables at some parameters, and the cycle-to-cycle variability is estimated by propagation of an exogenous noise with a normal probabilistic distribution at the turbulent and laminar flame speed, which intends to simulate the unknowns at turbulent flow, temperature distribution, or initial kernel distribution. The model is able to estimate which is the expected variability during the combustion evolution and might be used online for characterizing the time response of closed-loop control actions or it can be used offline to improve the control strategies without large experimental test campaigns. Experimental data from a four-stroke commercial engine was used for calibration and validation purposes, demonstrating the capabilities of the model in steady and transient conditions.The authors appreciate the technical support and the clues given by J. Israel Sanchez for the model development and also acknowledge the support of Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad through project TRA2016-78717-R.Pla Moreno, B.; De La Morena, J.; Bares-Moreno, P.; Jimenez, IA. (2020). Cycle-to-cycle combustion variability modelling in spark ignited engines for control purposes. International Journal of Engine Research. 21(8):1398-1411. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419885754S13981411218Wang, S., Prucka, R., Zhu, Q., Prucka, M., & Dourra, H. (2016). A Real-Time Model for Spark Ignition Engine Combustion Phasing Prediction. SAE International Journal of Engines, 9(2), 1180-1190. doi:10.4271/2016-01-0819Kim, N., Ko, I., & Min, K. (2018). Development of a zero-dimensional turbulence model for a spark ignition engine. International Journal of Engine Research, 20(4), 441-451. doi:10.1177/1468087418760406Wang, S., Zhu, Q., Prucka, R., Prucka, M., & Dourra, H. (2015). 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Spark Ignition Feedback Control by Means of Combustion Phase Indicators on Steady and Transient Operation. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 136(5). doi:10.1115/1.4026966Zhu, Q., Prucka, R., Wang, S., Prucka, M., & Dourra, H. (2016). Model-Based Optimal Combustion Phasing Control Strategy for Spark Ignition Engines. SAE International Journal of Engines, 9(2), 1170-1179. doi:10.4271/2016-01-0818Zhang, Y., & Shen, T. (2017). Cylinder pressure based combustion phase optimization and control in spark-ignited engines. Control Theory and Technology, 15(2), 83-91. doi:10.1007/s11768-017-6175-1Zhang, Y., Shen, X., & Shen, T. (2018). A survey on online learning and optimization for spark advance control of SI engines. Science China Information Sciences, 61(7). doi:10.1007/s11432-017-9377-7Corti, E., Forte, C., Mancini, G., & Moro, D. (2014). Automatic Combustion Phase Calibration With Extremum Seeking Approach. 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Combustion and Flame, 160(6), 1020-1032. doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.01.009Zhao, L., Moiz, A. A., Som, S., Fogla, N., Bybee, M., Wahiduzzaman, S., … Kodavasal, J. (2017). Examining the role of flame topologies and in-cylinder flow fields on cyclic variability in spark-ignited engines using large-eddy simulation. International Journal of Engine Research, 19(8), 886-904. doi:10.1177/1468087417732447Pera, C., Knop, V., & Reveillon, J. (2015). Influence of flow and ignition fluctuations on cycle-to-cycle variations in early flame kernel growth. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 35(3), 2897-2905. doi:10.1016/j.proci.2014.07.037Schiffmann, P., Reuss, D. L., & Sick, V. (2017). Empirical investigation of spark-ignited flame-initiation cycle-to-cycle variability in a homogeneous charge reciprocating engine. International Journal of Engine Research, 19(5), 491-508. doi:10.1177/1468087417720558Galloni, E. (2009). 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