Anisotropic strange stars in Tolman-Kuchowicz spacetime

We attempt to study a singularity-free model for the spherically symmetric anisotropic strange stars under Einstein's general theory of relativity by exploiting the Tolman-Kuchowicz metric. Further, we have assumed that the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is a scalar variable dependent on the spatial coordinate $r$. To describe the strange star candidates we have considered that they are made of strange quark matter (SQM) distribution, which is assumed to be governed by the MIT bag equation of state. To obtain unknown constants of the stellar system we match the interior Tolman-Kuchowicz metric to the exterior modified Schwarzschild metric with the cosmological constant, at the surface of the system. Following Deb et al. we have predicted the exact values of the radii for different strange star candidates based on the observed values of the masses of the stellar objects and the chosen parametric values of the $\Lambda$ as well as the bag constant $\mathcal{B}$. The set of solutions satisfies all the physical requirements to represent strange stars. Interestingly, our study reveals that as the values of the $\Lambda$ and $\mathcal{B}$ increase the anisotropic system becomes gradually smaller in size turning the whole system into a more compact ultra-dense stellar object.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figure

Juvenile Aeolian Deposits at Badra Area - Eastern Iraq

Badra area represents one of those desertified areas, in which the preliminary stage of aeolian activity is very evident. Nabkha dunes and sand sheets are the major wind formed deposits in the area. Nabkhas or more precisely micronabkhas represent the major dune type which imposes a clear indication of the desertification vitality in the area. Such an area may represent an ideal example of how desertification is acting, whereby a well-vegetated area some three decades ago is turning now to a barren land.These vegetation dunes were studied from the morphological, mineralogical and textural aspects. The special dimensions of these dunes are usually small not exceeding a meter in height and a few meters in length indicating a mild wind action with a predominant NW direction. Ripple marks, and adhesion structures are also noticed.The dune sand samples are mainly formed of silty sand with an average median of 2.56Ø (fine sand), average mean 2.55Ø (fine sand), average standard deviation or sorting 0.55Ø (well to moderately well sorted), and negatively skewed. These parameters reveals a fluvial influence besides the dominant dune action.The light mineral fraction of Badra dune samples composed of quartz, calcite, feldspar, and evaporites as major constituents, while the heavy minerals fraction is dominated by the opaques, chlorites, epidote, garnet, mica, amphiboles, and pyroxenes. Probable sediment sources is greatly controlled by the eastern dune belt that extends from Baiji dunes in the northeast to Chailat dunes in the southeast. The sediments of the nearby alluvial deposits of Tigris river may also have their influence.One of the  most  effective  and  sure remedies  for  the  Badra  area  will  be  the efficient  use  of  the  existing  water  resources, in  which  rain  water harvesting and ground  water  resources  are maintained and used to develop more effective ways of irrigation so that the area can be rejuvenated. Keywords: Nabkha Dune, Desertification, Heavy Minerals, Statistical Parameters.

Backhaul Utilization Trend and Trucks Turnaround Time (TAT) in Indian Logistics System

The purpose of this paper is to provide insights on the validation of the efficiency of TAT and Backhaul in Indian logistics system. Both exploratory and analytical research design was adopted for this research study. Logistics managers in selected sectors were chosen as samples for the study. Cluster sampling method was adopted to derive 186 samples from the Universe. A self-administered structured Questionnaire was used to collect primary data. This research study would contribute to the existing body of knowledge or literature by advancing the understanding of TAT and Backhaul in Indian logistics system. To validate efficiency of TAT and Back Haul in Indian logistics system, the researchers have studied only the selected factors. The study indicated that the factors influencing to validate efficiency of TAT and Backhaul in Indian logistics system undertaken for the study are: cost estimation, forecasting, reduction in procurement cost, avoid wastages, reduce manpower, outbound logistics relations, internal relations between logistics and material manager