Fatores de influência no comportamento de compra de alimentos por crianças

A escolha alimentar nas sociedades contemporâneas passa, inevitavelmente, pelo comércio, pois o alimento constitui-se mercadoria que é consumida, assim como tantos outros bens e serviços. Atualmente muitas crianças já definem sozinhas suas escolhas alimentares, provocando a atenção tanto de empresas como de organizações preocupadas com sua nutrição. Utilizando o modelo BPM (Behavioral Perpective Model), criado por Foxall (2010), fundamentado na psicologia do consumidor e estruturado na tríplice contingência de Skinner, analisaram-se os fatores que influenciam crianças em seu comportamento de compra de alimentos. Tendo como sujeitos 175 alunos com idades compreendidas entre 10 e 12 anos, identificaram-se 35 variáveis que foram classificadas entre estímulos antecedentes (cenário ou histórico de aprendizado) e consequentes (reforço utilitário ou informativo) no comportamento de compra. Verificou-se que os estímulos reforçadores (consequentes) têm maior grau de importância para a decisão de compra de alimentos desses sujeitos do que os estímulos antecedentes, sendo que as consequências utilitárias são mais influentes do que as informativas. Conclui-se que os atributos dos produtos, como sabor e qualidade, têm maior influência na decisão de compra do que os estímulos ambientais, como as promoções e publicidade dos alimentos.Food choice in contemporary societies is, inevitably, a buying decision. Food is a product that is consumed, like so many other goods and services. Nowadays many children choose their food themselves, which attracts attention not only from companies that develop products and advertising for that segment, but also organizations concerned with their nutrition. This paper analyzed the factors that influence children's food purchasing behavior using the Perpective Behavioral Model (BPM) created by Foxall (2010), which in turn is based on consumer psychology and structured on Skinner's triple contingency. The subjects were 175 students between 10 and 12 years old. Thirty-five variables were identified and classified as antecedent stimuli (setting or learning history) or purchase reinforcers (utilitarian or informational reinforcement). It was seen that reinforcement stimuli (consequent stimuli) are more important to these children's decisions than antecedent stimuli, and that utilitarian consequences are more influential than informational consequences. It was concluded that product attributes such as taste and quality have greater influence on purchasing decisions than environmental stimuli such as promotions and food advertising

Right to Food and “Tragedy” of the Commons

Without claiming of exhaustivity,this work aims at verifying the possibility to consider food as a common good from a juridical perspective. In fact, it seems that so farthe Italian constitutional doctrine has not covered this particular aspect– anything but irrelevant – in the studies dealing with these theories. Therefore, I will try hereafter to make some short reflections from a constitutional perspective, with the purpose of showing the quantity of difficulties that can be encountered if one considers this hypothesis, i.e. if one places the right to food not only beyond the «private», but also beyond the «public» dimension provided by the Constitution. Ultimately, after identifying some critical aspects of the doctrines of common goods, I will try to examine the possibility to guarantee all peoplethe fundamental right to access to food by using the «public utilities made available by the local government». Otherwise, if we let the laws of the market be the ones that can guarantee food, we risk legitimizing a “juridical paradox” that the constitutional order (at least the Italian one) by no means can tolerate

The Multifaceted Nature of “Food Diversity” as a Life-Related Legal Value

none1siInternational and Italian legal literature has dedicated considerable worthy research to food law in relation to questions such as food security, quality and typicality (along with the related topics of indication and guarantee of origin), the right to food, as well as food sovereignty. The same cannot be said, however, in the matter of food diversity as a significant value in law, with the exception of a few recent research initiatives underway. The genetic diversity of the living sources of food is a value that is certainly implicated in food diversity, but, as this paper seeks to show, the latter is a value of synthesis that, despite encompassing animal, vegetable and microbial biodiversity, is not exhausted only within it. What seems useful therefore is an endeavour to investigate the problem of food diversity from a broader perspective so as to delineate some frames of reference. Food diversity can be said to be a synthesis of multiple diversities. It is a value system where numerous legal values of primary importance under constitutional protection converge and are contained: environment/biodiversity, territorial autonomy and differentiation, landscape, cultural heritage, human health, personal and religious freedom, and the educational choices of the family. The strengths of these basic value aggregate organically, conferring to food diversity a role of absolute primary importance in law. As this paper proposes, recognizing cultural diversity as a complex, systemic and life-related legal value, that is, as a “condensation” of the normative energy originating from the combination of multiple constitutionally fundamental legal values that are bound up with the supreme value of life in its differing scales, which in their turn are inextricably interrelated, permits the attribution to food diversity of a much stronger (respecting the situation to date) “resistance” in law against purely economic interests.Library of Congress Control Number: 2018933578. The collective book reflects on the issues concerning, on the one hand, the difficulty in feeding an ever- increasing world population and, on the other hand, the need to build new productive systems able to protect the planet from overexploitation. The concept of “food diversity” is a synthesis of diversities: biodiversity of ecological sources of food supply; socio territorial diversity; and cultural diversity of food traditions. In keeping with this transdisciplinary perspective, the book collects a large number of contributions that examine, firstly the relationships between agrobiodiversity, rural sustainable systems and food diversity; and secondly, the issues concerning typicality (food specialties/food identities), rural development and territorial communities. Lastly, it explores legal questions concerning the regulations aiming to protect both the food diversity and the right to food, in the light of the political, economic and social implications related to the problem of feeding the world population, while at the same time respecting local communities’ rights, especially in the developing countries. The book collects the works of legal scholars, agroecologists, historians and sociologists from around the globe. ****** Il volume è stato segnalato dalla Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 2018, Vol. 36(3) 236. Esso è inoltre presente in numerose biblioteche internazionali, tra cui quella della Stanford University: https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/12658601 .noneM. MONTEDUROMonteduro, M