Infection of potato plants with potato leafroll virus changes attraction and feeding behaviour of Myzus persicae

7 pages, and tables, and figures.Potato leafroll virus (PLRV; genus Polerovirus , family Luteoviridae) is a persistently transmitted circulative virus that depends on aphids for spreading. The primary vector of PLRV is the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Solanum tuberosum L. potato cv. Kardal (Solanaceae) has a certain degree of resistance to M. persicae : young leaves seem to be resistant, whereas senescent leaves are susceptible. In this study, we investigated whether PLRV-infection of potato plants affected aphid behaviour. We found that M. persicae ’s ability to differentiate headspace volatiles emitted from PLRV-infected and non-infected potato plants depends on the age of the leaf. In young apical leaves, no difference in aphid attraction was found between PLRV-infected and non-infected leaves. In fact, hardly any aphids were attracted. On the contrary, in mature leaves, headspace volatiles from virus infected leaves attracted the aphids. We also studied the effect of PLRV-infection on probing and feeding behaviour (plant penetration) of M. persicae using the electrical penetration graph technique (DC system). Several differences were observed between plant penetration in PLRV-infected and non-infected plants, but only after infected plants showed visual symptoms of PLRV infection. The effects of PLRV-infection in plants on the behaviour of M. persicae , the vector of the virus, and the implications of these effects on the transmission of the virus are thoroughly discussed.Peer reviewe

General Characteristics of Potato virus Y (PVY) and Its Impact on Potato Production: An Overview

BGPI : équipe 6Diseases caused by plant viruses can have significant and devastating impacts on many cultivated crops worldwide. The impact of disease caused by a virus depends on the virus species, strains, type of inoculum, host plant characteristics, vector pressure, climatic conditions, trade, changes in agricultural landscape and intensive production practices. Viruses affect plants by causing a large variety of symptoms such as alteration of shape, pigmentation, necrosis on different parts of the plant, thus affecting plant development. In most of the cases, these lead to a decrease in crop yield and quality. There are numerous viruses that affect potato; among them, Potato virus Y is considered to be one of the ten most important plant viruses of crops, because of its worldwide distribution and economic impact. Some PVY isolates are able to cause potato ringspot necrotic disease in infected tubers rendering them unmarketable. Understanding the genetic diversity and molecular biology of PVY is essential to understand its infectious cycle, epidemiology and developing efficient methods of control and management for the virus itself and its vector. In spite of an ever-increasing wealth of data in these topics, several major scientific challenges remain in understanding the molecular nature of the interaction between PVY, its hosts, aphid vector in different environments and the epidemiology of PVY. This and following chapters will present the context and current state of our knowledge for these different topics and attempt to provide some answers to these important questions