34 research outputs found
A Canvas for Establishing Global Software Development Collaborations
Jufo-id:80620There is an increasing need and interest for organizations to collaborate with internal and external partners on a global scale for creating software-based products and services. Potential risks and different strategies need to be addressed when setting up such collaborations. Aspects such as cultural and social features, coordination, infrastructure, organizational change processes, or communication issues need to be con- sidered. Although there are already experiences available with respect to setting up global collaborations, they mainly focus on specific areas. It is dicult for companies to quickly assess if they have considered all rele- vant aspects. An overall aid that guides companies in systematically setting up global collaborations is widely missing. In this paper we present a study based on the snowballing method as a systematic approach to literature review. Based on this literature review and inputs from indus- try we investigated what aspects and practices need to be considered when establishing global software development collaborations and how to prioritize them. Based on that we created activity roadmaps that aggregate existing experiences. Reported experiences were structured into nine main aspects each containing extracted successful practices for set- ting up global software development collaborations. As a result we came up with an initial version of a canvas that is proposed as guidance for companies for setting up global collaborations in the software development domain.Peer reviewe
Eclipses observed by LYRA - a sensitive tool to test the models for the solar irradiance
We analyze the light curves of the recent solar eclipses measured by the
Herzberg channel (200-220 nm) of the Large Yield RAdiometer (LYRA) onboard
PROBA-2. The measurements allow us to accurately retrieve the center- to-limb
variations (CLV) of the solar brightness. The formation height of the radiation
depends on the observing angle so the examination of the CLV provide
information about a broad range of heights in the solar atmosphere. We employ
the 1D NLTE radiative transfer COde for Solar Irradiance (COSI) to model the
measured light curves and corresponding CLV dependencies. The modeling is used
to test and constrain the existing 1D models of the solar atmosphere, e.g. the
temperature structure of the photosphere and the treatment of the pseudo-
continuum opacities in the Herzberg continuum range. We show that COSI can
accurately reproduce not only the irradiance from the entire solar disk, but
also the measured CLV. It hence can be used as a reliable tool for modeling the
variability of the spectral solar irradiance.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures, Solar Physic
The Role of Background Cloud Microphysics in the Radiative Formation of Ship Tracks
The authors investigate the extent to which the contrast brightness of ship tracks, that is, the relative change
in observed solar reflectance, in visible and near-infrared imagery can be explained by the microphysics of the
background cloud in which they form. The sensitivity of visible and near-infrared wavelengths for detecting
reflectance changes in ship tracks is discussed, including the use of a modified cloud susceptibility parameter,
termed the ‘‘contrast susceptibility,’’ for assessing the sensitivity of background cloud microphysics on potential
track development. It is shown that the relative change in cloud reflectance for ship tracks is expected to be
larger in the near-infrared than in the visible and that 3.7-mm channels, widely known to be useful for detecting
tracks, have the greatest sensitivity. The usefulness of contrast susceptibility as a predictor of ship track contrast
is tested with airborne and satellite remote sensing retrievals of background cloud parameters and track contrast.
Retrievals are made with the high spatial resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Airborne
Simulator flown on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s high-altitude ER-2 aircraft, and with
the larger-scale perspective of the advanced very high resolution radiometer. Observed modifications in cloud
droplet effective radius, optical thickness, liquid water path, contrast susceptibility, and reflectance contrast are
presented for several ship tracks formed in background clouds with both small and large droplet sizes. The
remote sensing results are augmented with in situ measurements of cloud microphysics that provide data at the
smaller spatial scales