303 research outputs found
New, efficient and robust, fiber-based quantum key distribution schemes
We present a new fiber based quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme which can
be regarded as a modification of an idea proposed by Inoue, Waks and Yamamoto
(IWY) [1]. The scheme described here uses a single phase modulator and two
differential delay elements in series at the transmitter that form an
interferometer when combined with a third differential delay element at the
receiver. The protocol is characterized by a high efficiency, reduced exposure
to an attack by an eavesdropper, and higher sensitivity to such an attack when
compared to other QKD schemes. For example, the efficiency with which
transmitted data contribute to the private key is 3/4 compared with 1/4 for
BB84 [2]. Moreover, an eavesdropper can aquire a maximum of 1/3 of the key
which leads to an error probability in the private key of 1/3. This can be
compared to 1/2 and 1/4 for these same parameters in both BB84 and IWY. The
combination of these considerations should lead to increased range and key
distribution rate over present fiber-based QKD schemes.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, 1 equatio
Equivalence between supersymmetric self-dual and Maxwell-Chern-Simons models coupled to a matter spinor superfield
We study the duality of the supersymmetric self-dual and Maxwell-Chern-Simons
theories coupled to a fermionic matter superfield, using a master action. This
approach evades the difficulties inherent to the quartic couplings that appear
when matter is represented by a scalar superfield. The price is that the
spinorial matter superfield represents a unusual supersymmetric multiplet,
whose main physical properties we also discuss.Comment: v2, 16 pages, elsarticle.cls, accepted for publication in PL
Unified Maxwell-Einstein and Yang-Mills-Einstein Supergravity Theories in Five Dimensions
Unified N=2 Maxwell-Einstein supergravity theories (MESGTs) are supergravity
theories in which all the vector fields, including the graviphoton, transform
in an irreducible representation of a simple global symmetry group of the
Lagrangian. As was established long time ago, in five dimensions there exist
only four unified Maxwell-Einstein supergravity theories whose target manifolds
are symmetric spaces. These theories are defined by the four simple Euclidean
Jordan algebras of degree three. In this paper, we show that, in addition to
these four unified MESGTs with symmetric target spaces, there exist three
infinite families of unified MESGTs as well as another exceptional one. These
novel unified MESGTs are defined by non-compact (Minkowskian) Jordan algebras,
and their target spaces are in general neither symmetric nor homogeneous. The
members of one of these three infinite families can be gauged in such a way as
to obtain an infinite family of unified N=2 Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity
theories, in which all vector fields transform in the adjoint representation of
a simple gauge group of the type SU(N,1). The corresponding gaugings in the
other two infinite families lead to Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity theories
coupled to tensor multiplets.Comment: Latex 2e, 28 pages. v2: reference added, footnote 14 enlarge
Accelerating Universes in String Theory via Field Redefinition
We study cosmological solutions in the effective heterotic string theory with
-correction terms in string frame. It is pointed out that the
effective theory has an ambiguity via field redefinition and we analyze
generalized effective theories due to this ambiguity. We restrict our analysis
to the effective theories which give equations of motion of second order in the
derivatives, just as "Galileon" field theory. This class of effective actions
contains two free coupling constants. We find de Sitter solutions as well as
the power-law expanding universes in our four-dimensional Einstein frame. The
accelerated expanding universes are always the attractors in the present
dynamical system.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figures, some additional formulae adde
Cosmological Spacetimes from Negative Tension Brane Backgrounds
We identify a time-dependent class of metrics with potential applications to
cosmology, which emerge from negative-tension branes. The cosmology is based on
a general class of solutions to Einstein-dilaton-Maxwell theory, presented in
{hep-th/0106120}. We argue that solutions with hyperbolic or planar symmetry
describe the gravitational interactions of a pair of negative-tension
-branes. These spacetimes are static near each brane, but become
time-dependent and expanding at late epoch -- in some cases asymptotically
approaching flat space. We interpret this expansion as being the spacetime's
response to the branes' presence. The time-dependent regions provide explicit
examples of cosmological spacetimes with past horizons and no past naked
singularities. The past horizons can be interpreted as S-branes. We prove that
the singularities in the static regions are repulsive to time-like geodesics,
extract a cosmological `bounce' interpretation, compute the explicit charge and
tension of the branes, analyse the classical stability of the solution (in
particular of the horizons) and study particle production, deriving a general
expression for Hawking's temperature as well as the associated entropy.Comment: 43 pages, 8 figures. Published versio
The uses and abuses of power: teaching school leadership through children's literature
There are relatively few studies of how representations of teachers, schools and educational administrators in popular films and television might be, and are, used in leadership preparation. This paper seeks to add to this small body of work; it reports on an exploratory study of the representation of headteachers in contemporary children's fiction. Thirty-one texts are analysed to ascertain key themes and the major characterisations. The paper draws on children's literature scholars to argue that both the historical school story and its contemporary counterpart focus heavily on the power of the head to control the micro-world of the school. Because these fictional accounts deal with issues of power and justice more openly than many mainstream educational administration texts, this makes them particularly useful in the preparation of potential school leaders
Superconformal N=2, D=5 matter with and without actions
We investigate N=2, D=5 supersymmetry and matter-coupled supergravity
theories in a superconformal context. In a first stage we do not require the
existence of a Lagrangian. Under this assumption, we already find at the level
of rigid supersymmetry, i.e. before coupling to conformal supergravity, more
general matter couplings than have been considered in the literature. For
instance, we construct new vector-tensor multiplet couplings, theories with an
odd number of tensor multiplets, and hypermultiplets whose scalar manifold
geometry is not hyperkaehler.
Next, we construct rigid superconformal Lagrangians. This requires some extra
ingredients that are not available for all dynamical systems. However, for the
generalizations with tensor multiplets mentioned above, we find corresponding
new actions and scalar potentials. Finally, we extend the supersymmetry to
local superconformal symmetry, making use of the Weyl multiplet. Throughout the
paper, we will indicate the various geometrical concepts that arise, and as an
application we compute the non-vanishing components of the Ricci tensor of
hypercomplex group manifolds. Our results can be used as a starting point to
obtain more general matter-couplings to Poincare supergravity.Comment: 67 pages; v2: title of reference changed and small editing
corrections; v3: small typing errors corrected, version published in JHEP;
v4: typos corrected; v5: additional term in (2.109) and (4.11); v6: change of
order of indices in (2.89
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