National-level schoolwork pressure, family structure, internet use, and obesity as drivers of time trends in adolescent psychological complaints between 2002 and 2018

Little is known about societal processes that contribute to changes in adolescent mental health problems. This study aims to fill this gap using data from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children study between 2002 and 2018 (ncountries = 43, nindividuals = 680,269, Mage = 14.52 (SD = 1.06), 51.04% female), supplemented with other international data. National-level psychological complaints increased more strongly among girls than boys. National-level schoolwork pressure, single-parent households, time spent on internet, and obesity were generally rising. In both boys’ and girls’ samples, increases in national-level schoolwork pressure, obesity, and time spent on internet use were independently associated with increases national-level psychological complaints. However, national-level obesity and psychological complaints were more strongly related among girls than boys. Results highlight the potential impact of societal-level processes on adolescent mental health problems

Narcissism normalisation: tourism influences and sustainability implications

The concept of narcissism normalisation suggests that individuals and societies are becoming more narcissistic due to various cultural influences. Tourism is reviewed here as one such possible influence. Exploitative, entitled and exhibitionistic tendencies associated with narcissism are wellestablished in tourism. Yet tourism is also an intimate, communal and satisfying activity which may counteract narcissism. Increases in narcissism have significant implications from a sustainable tourism perspective. Narcissism is associated with exploitative and entitled behaviours that over time cause significant harm to those people and landscapes that come into contact with. Narcissism appears to be incompatible with principles of sustainability and the challenges this poses for the industry are reviewed, while the opportunities are also explored. There are signs that narcissism, particularly those aspects relating to exhibitionism, can be co-opted to benefit sustainable development

A little acceptance goes a long way: Applying social impact theory to the rejection-aggression link

Social rejection hurts, causing aggression even against innocent people. How can the sting of social rejection be reduced? Based on social impact theory, the authors predicted that aggression would decrease as a power function of the number of people accepting the participant. In Experiment 1, participants included by 0, 1, 2, or 3 players in an online ball-tossing game could aggress against an innocent stranger by requiring him or her to eat very spicy hot sauce. In Experiment 2, participants socially accepted by 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 other people could aggress against an innocent stranger by administering loud noise. In both experiments, aggression and unpleasant emotions decreased as a power function according to the number of people accepting the participants, with each addi-tional acceptor having a decreasing incremental effect. Acceptance from others numbs the pain of social rejection, making rejected people less likely to lash out against innocent others. Keywords aggression, emotion, social exclusion, ostracism, interpersonal processes ‘‘Deep down even the most hardened criminal is starving for the same thing that motivates the innocent baby: Love and acceptance.’’ —Lily Fairchilde Regardless of who they are, people want to be accepted by others. Positive and lasting relationships endow life with mean-ing, emotional stability, and physical health. Accordingly, the need to belong is among the most fundamental of all human needs (Baumeister & Leary, 1995). Given the basic need for social connection, one might expect that people would respond to social exclusion with behaviors that would increase the chances of gaining future acceptance. Paradoxically, people tend to do the opposite—they respond to social exclusion with high levels of aggression (e.g., Buckley, Winkel, & Leary

Using the jazz metaphor to enhance student learning and skill development in the marketing research course

The marketing research course is often a very challenging one both for students and instructors. This article discusses how the jazz metaphor can aid the instructor in both facilitating students’ learning of the more basic as well as the more specific skills that make up the course, in addition to contributing more to student enjoyment of the marketing research subject. Reflective, experiential learning based classroom illustrations and suggestions for jazz metaphor implementation by students and instructor are also provided