985 research outputs found
Assessing the effects of repeated handling on physiology and condition of semi-precocial nestlings
Repeated exposure to elevated levels of glucocorticoids during development can have long-term detrimental effects on survival and fitness, potentially associated with increased telomere attrition. Nestling birds are regularly handled for ecological research, yet few authors have considered the potential for handling-induced stress to influence hormonally-mediated phenotypic development or bias interpretations of subsequent focal measurements. We experimentally manipulated the handling experience of the semi-precocial nestlings of European Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus to simulate handling in a typical field study and examined cumulative effects on physiology and condition in late postnatal development. Neither baseline corticosterone (the primary glucocorticoid in birds), telomere length nor body condition varied with the number of handling episodes. The absence of a response could be explained if Storm Petrels did not perceive handling to be stressful or if there is dissociation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis from stressful stimuli in early life. Eliciting a response to a stressor may be maladaptive for cavity-dwelling young that are unable to escape or defend themselves. Furthermore, avoiding elevated overall glucocorticoid exposure may be particularly important in a long-lived species, in which accelerated early-life telomere erosion could impact negatively upon longevity. We propose that the level of colony-wide disturbance induced by investigator handling of young could be important in underlining species-specific responses. Storm Petrel nestlings appear unresponsive to investigator handling within the limits of handling in a typical field study and handling at this level should not bias physiological and morphological measurements
Smooth geometries with four charges in four dimensions
A class of axially symmetric, rotating four-dimensional geometries carrying
D1, D5, KK monopole and momentum charges is constructed. The geometries are
found to be free of horizons and singulaties, and are candidates to be the
gravity duals of microstates of the (0,4) CFT. These geometries are constructed
by performing singularity analysis on a suitably chosen class of solutions of
six-dimensional minimal supergravity written over a Gibbons-Hawking base
metric. The properties of the solutions raise some interesting questions
regarding the CFT.Comment: 1+32 pages, LaTeX, v2: references added, typographical errors
correcte
Entropy of Thermally Excited Black Rings
A string theory description of near extremal black rings is proposed. The
entropy is computed and the thermodynamic properties are derived for a large
family of black rings that have not yet been constructed in supergravity. It is
also argued that the most general black ring in N=8 supergravity has 21
parameters up to duality.Comment: 17 pages; v2: minor edits and refs adde
Testing and Handling Dairy Products
During recent years there has been a widespread demand for information on the various phases of testing dairy products for per cent of butterfat. These requests have come chiefly from farmers who desire to know how to test the cream from their separators, and the milk from their cows for percent of fat. The greatest demand for information along this line has perhaps come from the men who intend to operate, or also operating cream buying stations. These men for various reasons are seldom able to leave their regular business to take a course at the dairy school. Patrons of creameries or of cr1eam stations sometimes complain that they do not receive the same test for their cream from week to week. Not knowing the different factors that control the richness of cream from hand separator, the patron concludes that the buttermaker or buyer does not know how 1to test, or that be is knowingly giving too low, a test. Consumers are more 1and more demanding quality in food products, and this is especially true of butter. The buttermaker must have the highest quality of cream if he is to produce first class butter. This bulletin is intended to give in, as simple a manner as possible information that will enable the former, buttermaker or cream buyer to test milk or cream correctly under South Dakota conditions. The factors that regulate the richness of cream from a hand separator are explained so that a farmer may know what to expect from his separator. The necessary details in producing a desirable quality of cream are set forth so that the farmer will know how to obtain first class cream
Microscopic Description of Black Rings in AdS/CFT
We discuss some aspects of the recently discovered BPS black ring solutions
in terms of the AdS/CFT correspondence. In the type IIB frame in which the
black ring carries the charges of the D1-D5-P system, we propose a microscopic
description of the rings in the orbifold CFT governing this system. In our
proposal, the CFT effectively splits into two parts: one part captures the
supertube-like properties of the ring, and the other captures the entropy. We
can also understand the black ring entropy by relating the geometry near the
ring to BPS black holes in four dimensions, although this latter approach does
not directly lead to an identification of black rings in terms of the D1-D5-P
CFT.Comment: 18 pages, harvmac. v2 - minor typo
The chiral ring of AdS3/CFT2 and the attractor mechanism
We study the moduli dependence of the chiral ring in N = (4,4) superconformal
field theories, with special emphasis on those CFTs that are dual to type IIB
string theory on AdS3xS3xX4. The chiral primary operators are sections of
vector bundles, whose connection describes the operator mixing under motion on
the moduli space. This connection can be exactly computed using the constraints
from N = (4,4) supersymmetry. Its curvature can be determined using the tt*
equations, for which we give a derivation in the physical theory which does not
rely on the topological twisting. We show that for N = (4,4) theories the
chiral ring is covariantly constant over the moduli space, a fact which can be
seen as a non-renormalization theorem for the three-point functions of chiral
primaries in AdS3/CFT2. From the spacetime point of view our analysis has the
following applications. First, in the case of a D1/D5 black string, we can see
the matching of the attractor flow in supergravity to RG-flow in the boundary
field theory perturbed by irrelevant operators, to first order away from the
fixed point. Second, under spectral flow the chiral primaries become the Ramond
ground states of the CFT. These ground states represent the microstates of a
small black hole in five dimensions consisting of a D1/D5 bound state. The
connection that we compute can be considered as an example of Berry's phase for
the internal microstates of a supersymmetric black hole.Comment: 72 pages (60 + appendices
PP-Wave / CFT_2 Duality
We investigate the pp-wave limit of the AdS_3\times S^3\times K3
compactification of Type IIB string theory from the point of view of the dual
Sym_N(K3) CFT. It is proposed that a fundamental string in this pp-wave
geometry is dual to the c=6 effective string of the Sym_N(K3) CFT, with the
string bits of the latter being composed of twist operators. The massive
fundamental string oscillators correspond to certain twisted Virasoro
generators in the effective string. It is shown that both the ground states and
the genus expansion parameter (at least in the orbifold limit of the CFT)
coincide. Surprisingly the latter scales like J^2/N rather than the J^4/N^2
which might have been expected. We demonstrate a leading-order agreement
between the pp-wave and CFT particle spectra. For a degenerate special case
(one NS 5-brane) an intriguing complete agreement is found.Comment: JHEP3 LaTeX, 20 pages; discussion of WZW levels clarified, reference
adde
Is adolescents' food intake associated with exposure to the food intake of their mothers and best friends?
Contains fulltext :
217211.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Both mothers' and best friends' food intake are associated with adolescents' food intake, but they are rarely investigated simultaneously. In this study, we tested the associations of mothers' and best friends’ food intake with adolescents' intake of unhealthy and healthy food, obtained from home and from outside the home, and the moderating role of adolescents' exposure to their food intake. Participants included 667 adolescents (53% female, Mage = 12.9) and 396 of their mothers. Within this adolescent sample, 378 best friend dyads were identified. All participants completed food frequency questionnaires. Mothers separately reported on their food intake in the presence and absence of their child, and adolescents indicated how often they ate and drank together with their best friend during school breaks. Mothers', but not best friends', food intake was positively related to adolescents' intake of unhealthy and healthy food obtained from home and healthy food obtained from outside the home. Exposure to mothers' healthy food intake magnified mother-child similarities in healthy food intake. Exposure to best friends' intake of unhealthy food moderated adolescent-friend similarities in unhealthy food intake. Future work should assess the mechanisms that underlie these similarities, and should investigate these associations over time and in later developmental periods.15 p
Integrable Deformations of Strings in Flux Backgrounds
We study d=2 0A string theory perturbed by tachyon momentum modes in
backgrounds with non-trivial tachyon condensate and Ramond-Ramond (RR) flux. In
the matrix model description, we uncover a complexified Toda lattice hierarchy
constrained by a pair of novel holomorphic string equations. We solve these
constraints in the classical limit for general RR flux and tachyon condensate.
Due to the non-holomorphic nature of the tachyon perturbations, the
transcendental equations which we derive for the string susceptibility are
manifestly non-holomorphic. We explore the phase structure and critical
behavior of the theory.Comment: 39 pages, 4 figure
D1-D5 on ALE Space
We construct a two-dimensional N=(0,4) quiver gauge theory on D1-brane
probing D5-branes on ALE space, and study its IR behavior. This can be thought
of as a gauged linear sigma model for the NS5-branes on ALE space.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure, lanlmac; v2: reference adde
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