Palladium catalyzed coupling reactions: mechanism of reductive elimination. Progress report, October 1, 1979-September 30, 1980. [Ethane elimination]

The 1,1-reductive elimination of ethane from three cis-bis(phosphine)-dimethylpalladium complexes, L/sub 2/Pd(CH/sub 3/)/sub 2/ (L = PPh/sub 3/, PPh/sub 2/,CH/sub 3/ and L/sub 2/ = Ph/sub 2/PCH/sub 2/CH/sub 2/PPh/sub 2/), and three trans analogs (L = PPh/sub 3/, PPh/sub 2/CH/sub 3/ and L/sub 2/ = 2,11-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)benzo(c)phenanthrene (TRANSPHOS)) was carried out. The three cis complexes underwent reductive elimination in the presence of coordinating solvents (DMSO, DMF, and THF). The trans complexes which could isomerize to cis (L = PPh/sub 3/, PPh/sub 2/CH/sub 3/) did so in polar solvents and then underwent reductive elimination. TRANSPHOS dimethylpalladium would not undergo reductive elimination of ethane. The eliminations from the cis isomers were intramolecular and displayed first order kinetics. Although TRANSPHOS dimethylpalladium(II) would not undergo a 1,1-reductive elimination of ethane, the addition of CD/sub 3/I to a DMSO solution of this complex at 25/sup 0/C rapidly produced CD/sub 3/-CH/sub 3/, implicating a transient palladium(IV) intermediate. E- and Z-bromostyrylbis(diphenylmethylphosphine)palladium(0) react with methyl lithium in THF at ambient temperature to give the E- and Z- propenylbenzenes, respectively. At -78/sup 0/C, the intermediate E- and Z-styrylmethylbis(diphenylmethylphosphine)palladium(II) complexes (9a,b) can be isolated. On raising the temperature of solutions of 9a,b in THF, E- and Z-propenylbenzenes are produced. The reductive elimination reaction is intramolecular and first order in dialkylpalladium(II) complex

Principais aspectos da polimerização do 1,3-butadieno Principles aspects of butadiene 1,3 polymerization

Atualmente, há uma grande demanda pelo polibutadieno com alto teor de unidades 1,4-cis, devido às suas excelentes propriedades físicas, tais como alta resistência à abrasão, baixo desenvolvimento de calor, baixa resistência ao rolamento, maior resistência à tensão, alta resistência à fadiga, baixa histerese e alta resistência à fratura. Tais características fazem com que esse elastômero seja cada vez mais utilizado na indústria pneumática. Assim, este trabalho apresenta uma breve revisão sobre a polimerização do 1,3-butadieno com diferentes sistemas catalíticos, sendo os sistemas à base de lantanídeos o principal foco desta revisão, pois esses sistemas são os mais estereoespecíficos para a polimerização 1,4-cis do butadieno.<br>Nowadays, there is a great demand for polybutadiene with high contents of cis groups owing to its excellent physical properties, such as high abrasion resistance and low heat build up. These characteristics make this elastomer one of the most used in pneumatic industry. Thus, this paper presents a brief review about the 1,3-butadiene polymerization by different catalysts systems, with the systems based on lanthanides being the main focus, as they are the most stereospecific for cis-1,4 polymerization of butadiene