Substitutie therapie bij agammaglobulinemie

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Interleukin-10 negatively regulates local cytokine and chemokine production but does not influence antibacterial host defense during murine pneumococcal meningitis.

To determine the role of endogenous interleukin-10 (IL-10) in local host defense during pneumococcal meningitis, the inflammatory responses of IL-10-gene-deficient and wild-type mice after the induction of meningitis were compared. The absence of IL-10 was associated with higher cytokine and chemokine concentrations and a more pronounced infiltrate, but antibacterial defense or survival was not influenced

Conclusions on (cost-)effectiveness of pertussis booster vaccination strategies highly dependent on selections made in evidence review

This letter reacts on a paper recently published in this journal, reviewing the effectiveness and (cost-)effectiveness of pertussis booster vaccination strategies. We argue that a different selection of (cost-)effectiveness data could validly be made than the one presented in the review as being considered most robust. In particular, we explicitly present an alternative set of (cost-)effectiveness data. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

An outbreak of gastroenteritis due to Escherichia coli 0142 H6 in a neonatal department

An outbreak of gastroenteritis due to Escherichia coli 0142 H6 in a neonatal ward is described. The epidemic affected 16 of 24 infants (infection-rate 66 per cent), of whom one died due to necrotizing enterocolitis. Administration of antibiotics was of limited value in treatment or in eradicating E. Coli 0142 H6 from the stools. Termination of the epidemic was only accomplished by isolating the patients, accompanied by strict hygienic measures, including the use of disposable gloves. Gastroenteritis due to this organism occurred only in prematurely born infants during the first 2 weeks of life

Treatment of antibody deficiency syndromes with subcutaneous infusion of gammaglobulin

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Rationale for pertussis booster vaccination throughout life in Europe

Although the introduction of universal pertussis immunisation in infants has greatly reduced the number of reported cases in infants and young children, disease incidence has been increasing in adolescents and adults in recent years. This changing epidemiological pattern is probably largely attributable to waning immunity after natural infection or vaccination. Furthermore, improved diagnostic testing, active surveillance, changes in disease susceptibility, vaccine characteristics, and increased awareness of the disease might also be contributing factors. Susceptibility to pertussis in adolescents and adults results not only in direct morbidity in these age groups, but also poses a transmission risk to susceptible non-immune infants who are often too young to be vaccinated. Because vaccination schedules vary across Europe, we review the pertussis situation in this region and propose considerations for use of pertussis booster vaccinations at different ages to reduce individual morbidity and transmission from present rates and increase herd protection

Interleukin-18 gene-deficient mice show enhanced defense and reduced inflammation during pneumococcal meningitis.

To determine the role of endogenous interleukin-18 (IL-18) in pneumococcal meningitis, meningitis was induced in IL-18 gene-deficient (IL-18(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice by intranasal inoculation of Streptococcus pneumoniae with hyaluronidase. Induction of meningitis resulted in an upregulation of both pro- and mature IL-18 in brain tissue in WT mice. IL-18(-/-) and WT mice were equally susceptible to develop meningitis after intranasal infection, yet IL-18(-/-) mice showed a prolonged survival and a suppressed inflammatory response, as reflected by a less profound inflammatory infiltrate around the meninges and lower concentrations of cytokines and chemokines in brain tissue. These findings suggest that endogenous IL-18 contributes to a detrimental inflammatory response during pneumococcal meningitis and that elimination of IL-18 may improve the outcome of this disease