Nematóides do Brasil. Parte III: nematóides de répteis Brazilian nematodes. Part III: nematodes of reptiles

<abstract language="eng">A survey of nematode species parasizing Brazilian reptiles is presented, with data enough to provide their specific identification. The first section refers to the catalogation of the species, related to 127 superfamilies, 23 families, 55 genera and 121 species that are figured and included in measurement tables. The second section is concerned to the catalogue of host reptiles, with 16 families, and 90 species and their respective parasite nematodes. The identification of these helminths is achieved by means of keys to the superfamilies, families and genera. Specific determination is induced through the figures and tables as above mentioned

Importance of ticks and their chemical and immunological control in livestock

The medical and economic importance of ticks has long been recognized due to their ability to transmit diseases to humans and animals. Ticks cause great economic losses to livestock, and adversely affect livestock hosts in several ways. Loss of blood is a direct effect of ticks acting as potential vector for haemo-protozoa and helminth parasites. Blood sucking by large numbers of ticks causes reduction in live weight and anemia among domestic animals, while their bites also reduce the quality of hides. However, major losses caused by ticks are due to their ability to transmit protozoan, rickettsial and viral diseases of livestock, which are of great economic importance world-wide. There are quite a few methods for controlling ticks, but every method has certain shortcomings. The present review is focused on ticks importance and their control