Disentangling the neuronal mechanisms of motivational biases of decision making

This collection contains analysis code, pre-processed data, and results (behavior, EEG, (f)-MRI) on a project conducted at the Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, to understand the origin (and control over) Pavlovian response biases and learning biases in decision-making.This collection focus on response biases and processes at cue onset and around the response

Disentangling the neuronal mechanisms of motivational biases of decision making - raw data

This collection contains raw data (behavior, EEG, (f)-MRI) on a project conducted at the Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, to understand the origin (and control over) Pavlovian response biases and learning biases in decision-making.There will be separate collections for published papers containing analysis code, pre-processed data, and results

Design and construction of a 38 t resistive magnet at the nijmegen high field magnet laboratory

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Effects of carrying a pathogenic variant in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene on motivated action and valuation: A pilot study in family members with tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency

Contains fulltext : 218327.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Catecholamines (particularly dopamine) have long been implicated in motivation, learning and behavioural activation. Benign variants in dopamine-regulating genes have widely been linked to these processes as well, yet the cognitive effects of carrying pathogenic variants in the gene coding for tyrosine hydroxylase, which transforms tyrosine into dopamine’s direct precursor L-Dopa, have never been studied. Here, we assessed for the first time whether carriers of tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency (THD) show altered motivated action due to putative reductions in dopamine synthesis. To this end, we employed a motivational Go/NoGo learning task, which is sensitive to manipulations in dopamine function and compared 16 family members of THD patients with 20 education- and age-matched controls. In the first learning phase of this task, subjects learnt to make Go or NoGo responses to cues that predict reward vs. punishment. In the second transfer phase, the subjects were presented with pairs of cues and chose the one they preferred, in the absence of reinforcement. Cue valence strongly biased Go/NoGo responding in the learning phase, such that subjects made more Go responses to reward than punishment cues. The groups did not significantly differ in this motivational bias. However, the THD carriers exhibited a shift in preference from NoGo-to-Win to Go-to- Avoid cues relative to matched controls during the transfer phase. These results suggest that subjective valuation is altered in THD carriers, potentially due to catecholamine-dependent changes in reward expectations, whereas task performance was unaffected. This pilot study provides a first insight into the cognitive consequences of carrying pathogenic TH variants, focusing on alterations in the reward valuation system and motivational biases in action.Dissertation J.C. Swart, Radboud Universit

Catecholaminergic modulation of the avoidance of cognitive control

Contains fulltext : 198509.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)The catecholamines have long been associated with cognitive control and value-based decision-making. More recently, we proposed that the catecholamines might modulate value-based decision-making about whether or not to engage in cognitive control. We test this hypothesis by assessing effects of a catecholamine challenge in a large sample of young, healthy adults (n = 100) on the avoidance of a cognitively demanding control process: task switching. Prolonging catecholamine transmission by blocking reuptake with methylphenidate altered the avoidance, but not the execution of cognitive control. Crucially, these effects could be isolated by taking into account individual differences in trait impulsivity, so that participants with higher trait impulsivity became more avoidant of cognitive control, despite faster task performance. One implication of these findings is that performance-enhancing effects of methylphenidate may be accompanied by an undermining effect on the willingness to exert cognitive control. Taken together, these findings integrate hitherto segregated literatures on catecholamines' roles in value-based learning/choice and cognitive control.19 p

Manual de preproducció del videoclip Not Enough

Aquest projecte consisteix en la realització de la preproducció d'un vídeo musical. És un projecte audiovisual que, prenent com a referència la lletra de la cançó "Not Enough", del cantant Janis, acaba desembocant en un curt cinematogràfic de suspens. Aquest projecte es concep amb l'objectiu de realitzar un producte final amb qualitat professional, per tant, tots els aspectes de la preproducció s'han treballat detalladament per garantir el millor resultat possible i aconseguir un producte de qualitat. Not Enough servirà per traçar les línies de treball futures en projectes audiovisuals similar, així com de carta de presentació professional.Este proyecto consiste en la realización de la preproducción de un vídeo musical. Es un proyecto audiovisual que, tomando como referencia la letra de la canción "Not Enough", del cantante Janis, acaba desembocando en un corto cinematográfico de suspense. Este proyecto se concibe con el objetivo de realizar un producto final con calidad profesional, y todos loas aspectos de la preproducción se han trabajado detalladamente para garantizar el mejor resultado posible i conseguir un producto de calidad. Not Enough a a servir para trazar las pautas de trabajo futuras en proyectos audiovisuales similares, y de carta de presentación profesional.This project consists of the pre-production of a music video. It is an audio-visual project that, from the lyrics of the song "No Enogh", written by singer Janis as a reference, ends up un a suspense short film. This project is conceived with the objective of making a final product with professional quality, and all aspects of pre-production have been worked in in detail to guarantee the best possibble result and to achieve a quality product. Not Enough will serve to create future work guidelines for similar audio-visual projects, as well as for a professional show reel product

Tracking motivational biases and their suppression in time and space

Contains fulltext : 213546.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Action selection is not only based on acquired knowledge about action-outcome contingencies, but also by evolutionary "priors" such as motivational biases: Organisms show a tendency to invigorate responding when hoping for rewards, and to hold back when attempting to avoid punishments. While these biases are likely adaptive in many situations, they need to be inhibited when maladaptive. We probed the neural basis of overcoming these biases by measuring simultaneous EEG and fMRI. Successful detection and suppression of biases was associated with an increased synchronization in the alpha band 175-325 ms post-stimulus, which on a trial-by-trial basis was negatively correlated with BOLD signal in left MFG and right SMG. At a later time window around responses, there was a much stronger synchronization for executed vs. withheld actions in lower frequencies (peak in theta band), which was positively correlated on a trial-by-trial basis with BOLD signal in ACC/ SMA as well as bilateral motor cortex and operculum. Our work spatially locates oscillatory signatures of action selection and motivational conflict resolution.2019 Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience (13-16 September 2019, Berlin, Germany