431 research outputs found

    Electrically tunable solid-state silicon nanopore ion filter

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    We show that a nanopore in a silicon membrane connected to a voltage source can be used as an electrically tunable ion filter. By applying a voltage between the heavily doped semiconductor and the electrolyte, it is possible to invert the ion population inside the nanopore and vary the conductance for both cations and anions in order to achieve selective conduction of ions even in the presence of significant surface charges in the membrane. Our model based on the solution of the Poisson equation and linear transport theory indicates that in narrow nanopores substantial gain can be achieved by controlling electrically the width of the charge double layer

    Rising influence of synthetic biology in regenerative medicine

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    This is an Open Access Article. It is published by IET under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence (CC BY). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Synthetic biology is an emerging area of research that combines the investigative nature of biology with the constructive nature of engineering. Despite the field being in its infancy, it has already aided the development of a myriad of industrially and pharmaceutically useful compounds, devices and therapies and is now being applied within the field of regenerative medicine. By combining synthetic biology with regenerative medicine, the engineering of cells and organisms offers potential avenues for applications in tissue engineering, bioprocessing, biomaterial and scaffold development, stem cell therapies and even gene therapies. This review aims to discuss how synthetic biology has been applied within these distinct areas of regenerative medicine, the challenges it faces and any future possibilities this exciting new field may hold

    Search for Invisible Decays of η\eta and η′\eta^\prime in J/ψ→ϕηJ/\psi \to \phi\eta and ϕη′\phi \eta^\prime

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    Using a data sample of 58×10658\times 10^6 J/ψJ/\psi decays collected with the BES II detector at the BEPC, searches for invisible decays of η\eta and η′\eta^\prime in J/ψJ/\psi to ϕη\phi\eta and ϕη′\phi\eta^\prime are performed. The ϕ\phi signals, which are reconstructed in K+K−K^+K^- final states, are used to tag the η\eta and η′\eta^\prime decays. No signals are found for the invisible decays of either η\eta or η′\eta^\prime, and upper limits at the 90% confidence level are determined to be 1.65×10−31.65 \times 10^{-3} for the ratio B(η→invisible)B(η→γγ)\frac{B(\eta\to \text{invisible})}{B(\eta\to\gamma\gamma)} and 6.69×10−26.69\times 10^{-2} for B(η′→invisible)B(η′→γγ)\frac{B(\eta^\prime\to \text{invisible})}{B(\eta^\prime\to\gamma\gamma)}. These are the first searches for η\eta and η′\eta^\prime decays into invisible final states.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; Added references, Corrected typo

    Measurements of the observed cross sections for e+e−→e^+e^-\to exclusive light hadrons containing π0π0\pi^0\pi^0 at s=3.773\sqrt s= 3.773, 3.650 and 3.6648 GeV

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    By analyzing the data sets of 17.3, 6.5 and 1.0 pb−1^{-1} taken, respectively, at s=3.773\sqrt s= 3.773, 3.650 and 3.6648 GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC collider, we measure the observed cross sections for e+e−→π+π−π0π0e^+e^-\to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\pi^0, K+K−π0π0K^+K^-\pi^0\pi^0, 2(π+π−π0)2(\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0), K+K−π+π−π0π0K^+K^-\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\pi^0 and 3(π+π−)π0π03(\pi^+\pi^-)\pi^0\pi^0 at the three energy points. Based on these cross sections we set the upper limits on the observed cross sections and the branching fractions for ψ(3770)\psi(3770) decay into these final states at 90% C.L..Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

    Partial wave analysis of J/\psi \to \gamma \phi \phi

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    Using 5.8×107J/ψ5.8 \times 10^7 J/\psi events collected in the BESII detector, the radiative decay J/ψ→γϕϕ→γK+K−KS0KL0J/\psi \to \gamma \phi \phi \to \gamma K^+ K^- K^0_S K^0_L is studied. The ϕϕ\phi\phi invariant mass distribution exhibits a near-threshold enhancement that peaks around 2.24 GeV/c2c^{2}. A partial wave analysis shows that the structure is dominated by a 0−+0^{-+} state (η(2225)\eta(2225)) with a mass of 2.24−0.02+0.03−0.02+0.032.24^{+0.03}_{-0.02}{}^{+0.03}_{-0.02} GeV/c2c^{2} and a width of 0.19±0.03−0.04+0.060.19 \pm 0.03^{+0.06}_{-0.04} GeV/c2c^{2}. The product branching fraction is: Br(J/ψ→γη(2225))⋅Br(η(2225)→ϕϕ)=(4.4±0.4±0.8)×10−4Br(J/\psi \to \gamma \eta(2225))\cdot Br(\eta(2225)\to \phi\phi) = (4.4 \pm 0.4 \pm 0.8)\times 10^{-4}.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. corrected proof for journa

    Direct Measurements of Absolute Branching Fractions for D0 and D+ Inclusive Semimuonic Decays

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    By analyzing about 33 pb−1\rm pb^{-1} data sample collected at and around 3.773 GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC collider, we directly measure the branching fractions for the neutral and charged DD inclusive semimuonic decays to be BF(D0→μ+X)=(6.8±1.5±0.7)BF(D^0 \to \mu^+ X) =(6.8\pm 1.5\pm 0.7)% and BF(D+→μ+X)=(17.6±2.7±1.8)BF(D^+ \to \mu^+ X) =(17.6 \pm 2.7 \pm 1.8)%, and determine the ratio of the two branching fractions to be BF(D+→μ+X)BF(D0→μ+X)=2.59±0.70±0.25\frac{BF(D^+ \to \mu^+ X)}{BF(D^0 \to \mu^+ X)}=2.59\pm 0.70 \pm 0.25

    Measurements of the observed cross sections for exclusive light hadron production in e^+e^- annihilation at \sqrt{s}= 3.773 and 3.650 GeV

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    By analyzing the data sets of 17.3 pb−1^{-1} taken at s=3.773\sqrt{s}=3.773 GeV and 6.5 pb−1^{-1} taken at s=3.650\sqrt{s}=3.650 GeV with the BESII detector at the BEPC collider, we have measured the observed cross sections for 12 exclusive light hadron final states produced in e+e−e^+e^- annihilation at the two energy points. We have also set the upper limits on the observed cross sections and the branching fractions for ψ(3770)\psi(3770) decay to these final states at 90% C.L.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figur

    Search for the Rare Decays J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e, J/Psi --> D- e+ nu_e, and J/Psi --> D0bar e+ e-

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    We report on a search for the decays J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e + c.c., J/Psi --> D- e+ nu_e + c.c., and J/Psi --> D0bar e+ e- + c.c. in a sample of 5.8 * 10^7 J/Psi events collected with the BESII detector at the BEPC. No excess of signal above background is observed, and 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions are set: B(J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e + c.c.)<4.8*10^-5, B(J/Psi --> D- e+ nu_e + c.c.) D0bar e+ e- + c.c.)<1.1*10^-5Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

    Measurements of psi(2S) decays to octet baryon-antibaryon pairs

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    With a sample of 14 million psi(2S) events collected by the BESII detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC), the decay channels psi(2S)->p p-bar, Lambda Lambda-bar, Sigma0 Sigma0-bar, Xi Xi-bar are measured, and their branching ratios are determined to be (3.36+-0.09+-0.24)*10E-4, (3.39+-0.20+-0.32)*10E-4, (2.35+-0.36+-0.32)*10E-4, (3.03+-0.40+-0.32)*10E-4, respectively. In the decay psi(2S)->p p-bar, the angular distribution parameter alpha is determined to be 0.82+-0.17+-0.04.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

    Direct Measurements of the Branching Fractions for D0→K−e+νeD^0 \to K^-e^+\nu_e and D0→π−e+νeD^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e and Determinations of the Form Factors f+K(0)f_{+}^{K}(0) and f+π(0)f^{\pi}_{+}(0)

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    The absolute branching fractions for the decays D0→K−e+νeD^0 \to K^-e ^+\nu_e and D0→π−e+νeD^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e are determined using 7584±198±3417584\pm 198 \pm 341 singly tagged Dˉ0\bar D^0 sample from the data collected around 3.773 GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC. In the system recoiling against the singly tagged Dˉ0\bar D^0 meson, 104.0±10.9104.0\pm 10.9 events for D0→K−e+νeD^0 \to K^-e ^+\nu_e and 9.0±3.69.0 \pm 3.6 events for D0→π−e+νeD^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e decays are observed. Those yield the absolute branching fractions to be BF(D0→K−e+νe)=(3.82±0.40±0.27)BF(D^0 \to K^-e^+\nu_e)=(3.82 \pm 0.40\pm 0.27)% and BF(D0→π−e+νe)=(0.33±0.13±0.03)BF(D^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e)=(0.33 \pm 0.13\pm 0.03)%. The vector form factors are determined to be ∣f+K(0)∣=0.78±0.04±0.03|f^K_+(0)| = 0.78 \pm 0.04 \pm 0.03 and ∣f+π(0)∣=0.73±0.14±0.06|f^{\pi}_+(0)| = 0.73 \pm 0.14 \pm 0.06. The ratio of the two form factors is measured to be ∣f+π(0)/f+K(0)∣=0.93±0.19±0.07|f^{\pi}_+(0)/f^K_+(0)|= 0.93 \pm 0.19 \pm 0.07.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
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