74 research outputs found
Wegner-Houghton equation and derivative expansion
We study the derivative expansion for the effective action in the framework
of the Exact Renormalization Group for a single component scalar theory. By
truncating the expansion to the first two terms, the potential and the
kinetic coefficient , our analysis suggests that a set of coupled
differential equations for these two functions can be established under certain
smoothness conditions for the background field and that sharp and smooth
cut-off give the same result. In addition we find that, differently from the
case of the potential, a further expansion is needed to obtain the differential
equation for , according to the relative weight between the kinetic and
the potential terms. As a result, two different approximations to the
equation are obtained. Finally a numerical analysis of the coupled equations
for and is performed at the non-gaussian fixed point in
dimensions to determine the anomalous dimension of the field.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure
Generalization of geometric phase to completely positive maps
We generalize the notion of relative phase to completely positive maps with
known unitary representation, based on interferometry. Parallel transport
conditions that define the geometric phase for such maps are introduced. The
interference effect is embodied in a set of interference patterns defined by
flipping the environment state in one of the two paths. We show for the qubit
that this structure gives rise to interesting additional information about the
geometry of the evolution defined by the CP map.Comment: Minor revision. 2 authors added. 4 pages, 2 figures, RevTex
Effective chiral lagrangian in the chiral limit from the instanton vacuum
We study the effective chiral Lagrangian in the chiral limit from the
instanton vacuum. Starting from the nonlocal effective chiral action, we derive
the effective chiral Lagrangian, using the derivative expansion to order
in the chiral limit. The low energy constants, , , and
are determined and compared with various models and the corresponding empirical
data. The results are in a good agreement with the data. We also discuss about
the upper limit of the sigma meson, based on the present results.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.
A Pearson-Dirichlet random walk
A constrained diffusive random walk of n steps and a random flight in Rd,
which can be expressed in the same terms, were investigated independently in
recent papers. The n steps of the walk are identically and independently
distributed random vectors of exponential length and uniform orientation.
Conditioned on the sum of their lengths being equal to a given value l,
closed-form expressions for the distribution of the endpoint of the walk were
obtained altogether for any n for d=1, 2, 4 . Uniform distributions of the
endpoint inside a ball of radius l were evidenced for a walk of three steps in
2D and of two steps in 4D. The previous walk is generalized by considering step
lengths which are distributed over the unit (n-1) simplex according to a
Dirichlet distribution whose parameters are all equal to q, a given positive
value. The walk and the flight above correspond to q=1. For any d >= 3, there
exist, for integer and half-integer values of q, two families of
Pearson-Dirichlet walks which share a common property. For any n, the d
components of the endpoint are jointly distributed as are the d components of a
vector uniformly distributed over the surface of a hypersphere of radius l in a
space Rk whose dimension k is an affine function of n for a given d. Five
additional walks, with a uniform distribution of the endpoint in the inside of
a ball, are found from known finite integrals of products of powers and Bessel
functions of the first kind. They include four different walks in R3 and two
walks in R4. Pearson-Liouville random walks, obtained by distributing the total
lengths of the previous Pearson-Dirichlet walks, are finally discussed.Comment: 33 pages 1 figure, the paper includes the content of a recently
submitted work together with additional results and an extended section on
Pearson-Liouville random walk
Faixas normais de nutrientes pelos métodos ChM, DRIS e CND e nível crítico pelo método de distribuição normal reduzida para laranjeira-pera
Geochronology and isotope geochemistry of Eocene dykes intruding the Ladakh Batholith
In order to determine the extent and timing of dyke formation in the Ladakh Batholith we examined about 30 mostly andesitic dykes intruding the Ladakh batholith in a ca. 50 km wide area to the west of Leh (NW India). The dykes in the east of the area trend E-NE and those in the west trend N-NW. The difference in orientation is also evident in the petrography and isotopic signatures. The eastern dykes contain corroded quartz xenocrysts and show negative ε0(Nd) and positive ε0(Sr) values, where as the western dykes do not contain quartz xenocrysts and exhibit positive ε0(Nd) and near-zero ε0(Sr) values. The variability in Sr-Nd isotopes (ε0(Nd) = 3.6 to −9.6, ε0(Sr) = 0.4 to 143) and the quartz xenocrysts can best be explained by (differing degrees of) crustal assimilation of the parent magma of the dykes. Separated minerals from five dykes were dated by 40Ar-39Ar incremental heating: amphibole ages range between 50 and 54 Ma, and one biotite dated both by Rb-Sr and by 40Ar-39Ar gave an age of 45 Ma. One dated pseudotachylyte sample attests to brittle faulting at ca. 54 Ma. The combination of structural field evidence with petrographic, isotopic and geochronological analyses demonstrates that the dykes did not form from a single, progressively differentiating magma chamber, despite having formed in the same tectonic setting around the same time, and that processes such as crustal assimilation and magma mixing/mingling also played a significant role in magma petrogenesis
Geochronology and isotope geochemistry of Eocene dykes intruding the Ladakh Batholith
In order to determine the extent and timing of dyke formation related to possible E-W extension along the southern margin of Eurasia during Early Cenozoic time, we examined ca. 30 mostly andesitic dykes intruding the Ladakh batholith from 10 to 50km west of Leh (NW India). The dykes in the east of the area trend E-NE and those in the west trend N-NW. The difference in orientation is also evident in the petrography and isotopic signatures. The eastern dykes contain corroded quartz xenocrysts and show negative ε(Nd) and positive ε(Sr) values, whereas the western dykes do not contain quartz xenocrysts and exhibit positive ε(Nd) and near-zero ε(Sr) values. The variability in Sr-Nd isotopes (ε(Nd)=3.6 to -9.6, ε(Sr)=0.4 to 143) and the quartz xenocrysts can best be explained by (differing degrees of) crustal assimilation of the parent magma of the dykes. Separated minerals from five dykes were dated by Ar-Ar incremental heating: amphibole ages range between 50 and 54Ma, and one biotite separate dated both by Rb-Sr and Ar-Ar gave an age of 45Ma. One dated pseudotachylyte sample attests to brittle faulting at ca. 54Ma. The combination of structural field evidence with petrographic, isotopic and geochronological analyses demonstrates that the dykes did not form from a single, progressively differentiating magma chamber, despite having formed in the same tectonic setting around the same time, and that processes such as crustal assimilation and magma mixing/mingling, also played a significant role in magma petrogenesis
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