770 research outputs found
Assessing care for patients with TB/HIV/STI infections in a rural district in KwaZulu-Natal
Setting. Despite the prioritisation of TB, HIV and STI programmes in South Africa, service targets are not achieved, have had little effect, and the magnitude of the epidemics continues to escalate.Objective. To report on a participatory quality improvement intervention designed to evaluate these priority programmes in primary health care (PHC) clinics in a rural district in KwaZulu-Natal.Methods. A participatory quality improvement intervention with district health managers, PHC supervisors and researchers was used to modify a TB/HIV/STI audit tool for use in a rural area, conduct a district-wide clinic audit, assess performance, set targets and develop plans to address the problems identified.Results. We highlight weaknesses in training and support of staff at PHC clinics, pharmaceutical and laboratory failures, and inadequate monitoring of patients as contributing to poor TB, HIV and STI service implementation. In the 25 facilities audited, 71% of the clinical staff had received no training in TB diagnosis and management, and 46% of the facilities were visited monthly by a PHC supervisor. Eighty per cent of the facilities experienced non-availability of essential drugs and supplies; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were not documented for 54% of specimens assessed, and the mean length of time between eligibility for ART and starting treatment was 47 days.Conclusion. Through a participatory approach, a TB/HIV/STI audit tool was successfully adapted and implemented in a rural district. It yielded information enabling managers to identify obstacles to TB, HIV and STI service implementation and develop plans to address these. The audit can be used by the district to monitor priority services at a primary level.S Afr Med J 2011;101:887-890
Light-cone gauge Hamiltonian for AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring
It is developed the phase-space formulation for the Type IIA superstring on
the AdS_4 x CP^3 background in the kappa-symmetry light-cone gauge for which
the light-like directions are taken from the D=3 Minkowski boundary of AdS_4.
After fixing bosonic light-cone gauge the superstring Hamiltonian is expressed
as a function of the transverse physical variables and in the quadratic
approximation corresponds to the light-cone gauge-fixed IIA superstring in flat
space.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX; v2 minor improvements of the text, misprints
corrected, reference added; v3: missing terms in Eqs.(8),(53) and (56) adde
Kaluza-Klein gauge and minimal integrable extension of OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3) x U(3)) sigma-model
Basing upon experience from performing double-dimensional reduction of the
D=11 supermembrane on AdS_4 x S^7 background to Type IIA superstring on AdS_4 x
CP^3 we introduce Kaluza-Klein (partial) kappa-symmetry gauge as a vanishing
condition of the contribution to the D=11 supervielbein components tangent to
D=10 space-time proportional to the differential of the coordinate
parametrizing compact 11-th space-time dimension, that is identified with the
supermembrane world-volume compact dimension. For AdS_4 x S^7 supermembrane
Kaluza-Klein gauge removes half Grassmann coordinates associated with 8
space-time supersymmetries, broken by the AdS_4 x CP^3 superbackground, by
imposing D=3 (anti-)Majorana condition on them. The consideration relies on the
realization of osp(4|8) isometry superalgebra of the AdS_4 x S^7
superbackground as D=3 N=8 superconformal algebra. Requiring further vanishing
of the D=10 dilaton leaves in the sector of broken supersymmetries just two
Grassmann coordinates organized into D=3 (anti-)Majorana spinor that defines
minimal SL(2,R)-covariant extension of the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3)x U(3))
sigma-model. Among 4 possibilities of such a minimal extension we consider in
detail one, that corresponds to picking out D=3 Majorana coordinate related to
broken Poincare supersymmetry, and show that the AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring
equations of motion in this partial kappa-symmetry gauge are integrable. Also
the relation between the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3) x U(3)) sigma-model and the AdS_4 x
CP^3 superstring is revisited.Comment: LaTeX, 22 pages; v2: minor improvements in the text, typos corrected,
references adde
Two-loop Integrability of Planar N=6 Superconformal Chern-Simons Theory
Bethe ansatz equations have been proposed for the asymptotic spectral problem
of AdS_4/CFT_3. This proposal assumes integrability, but the previous
verification of weak-coupling integrability covered only the su(4) sector of
the ABJM gauge theory. Here we derive the complete planar two-loop dilatation
generator of N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons theory from osp(6|4)
superconformal symmetry. For the osp(4|2) sector, we prove integrability
through a Yangian construction. We argue that integrability extends to the full
planar two-loop dilatation generator, confirming the applicability of the Bethe
equations at weak coupling. Further confirmation follows from an analytic
computation of the two-loop twist-one spectrum.Comment: 45 pages, v2: typos in (D.9) fixed, reference added, many small
change
D=3 N=6 superconformal symmetry of AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring
Invariance of the AdS_4 x CP^3 superstring under D=3 N=6 superconformal
symmetry is discussed in the sector described by the OSp(4|6)/(SO(1,3) x U(3))
supercoset sigma-model action presented in the conformal basis for the
osp(4|6)/(so(1,3) x u(3)) Cartan forms. Transformation rules under D=3 N=6
superconformal symmetry for the (10|24)-dimensional 'reduced' AdS_4 x CP^3
superspace coordinates are obtained and used to derive corresponding
world-sheet currents.Comment: LaTeX, 23 pages; v2: presentation refined, typos corrected,
references adde
Coordinate Bethe Ansatz for the String S-Matrix
We use the coordinate Bethe ansatz approach to derive the nested Bethe
equations corresponding to the recently found S-matrix for strings in AdS5 x
S5, compatible with centrally extended su(2|2) symmetry.Comment: 25 Pages, plain LaTeX, 4 Figures. Mostly added references, fixed
typo
Generalized cusp in AdS_4 x CP^3 and more one-loop results from semiclassical strings
We evaluate the exact one-loop partition function for fundamental strings
whose world-surface ends on a cusp at the boundary of AdS_4 and has a "jump" in
CP^3. This allows us to extract the stringy prediction for the ABJM generalized
cusp anomalous dimension Gamma_{cusp}^{ABJM} (phi,theta) up to NLO in
sigma-model perturbation theory. With a similar analysis, we present the exact
partition functions for folded closed string solutions moving in the AdS_3
parts of AdS_4 x CP^3 and AdS_3 x S^3 x S^3 x S^1 backgrounds. Results are
obtained applying to the string solutions relevant for the AdS_4/CFT_3 and
AdS_3/CFT_2 correspondence the tools previously developed for their AdS_5 x S^5
counterparts.Comment: 48 pages, 2 figures, version 3, corrected misprints in formulas 2.12,
B.86, C.33, added comment on verification of the light-like limi
ABJM Dibaryon Spectroscopy
We extend the proposal for a detailed map between wrapped D-branes in Anti-de
Sitter space and baryon-like operators in the associated dual conformal field
theory provided in hep-th/0202150 to the recently formulated AdS_4 \times
CP^3/ABJM correspondence. In this example, the role of the dibaryon operator of
the 3-dimensional CFT is played by a D4-brane wrapping a CP^2 \subset CP^3.
This topologically stable D-brane in the AdS_4 \times CP^3 is nothing but
one-half of the maximal giant graviton on CP^3.Comment: 26 page
Smart Cities: Towards a New Citizenship Regime? A Discourse Analysis of the British Smart City Standard
Growing practice interest in smart cities has led to calls for a less technology-oriented and more citizen-centric approach. In response, this articles investigates the citizenship mode promulgated by the smart city standard of the British Standards Institution. The analysis uses the concept of citizenship regime and a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods to discern key discursive frames defining the smart city and the particular citizenship dimensions brought into play. The results confirm an explicit citizenship rationale guiding the smart city (standard), although this displays some substantive shortcomings and contradictions. The article concludes with recommendations for both further theory and practice development
A note on the universality of the Hagedorn behavior of pp-wave strings
Following on from recent studies of string theory on a one-parameter family
of integrable deformations of proposed by Lunin and
Maldacena, we carry out a systematic analysis of the high temperature
properties of type IIB strings on the associated pp-wave geometries. In
particular, through the computation of the thermal partition function and free
energy we find that not only does the theory exhibit a Hagedorn transition in
both the and class of pp-waves, but that the Hagedorn
temperature is insensitive to the deformation suggesting an interesting
universality in the high temperature behaviour of the pp-wave string theory. We
comment also on the implications of this universality on the
confinement/deconfinement transition in the dual
Leigh-Strassler deformation of Yang-Mills theory.Comment: 25 pages; fixed minor typo; added reference
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