Detoxifying effect of Nelumbo nucifera and Aegle marmelos on hematological parameters of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Nelumbo nucifera and Aegle marmelos on common carp exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of combined heavy metals (5 ppm) under laboratory conditions. The fish were treated with Nelumbo nucifera (500 mg/kg bwt) and Aegle marmelos (500 mg/kgbwt) for 30 days as a dietary supplement. The blood biochemical parameters of the fish were evaluated by analyzing the level of red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration, glucose, cholesterol, iron and copper. The findings of the present investigation showed significant increase in hemoglobin (p<0.001), RBC (p<0.01) and PCV (p<0.01) of herbal drug-treated groups compared with metal-exposed fish. Conversely, glucose and cholesterol level in blood of common carp showed significant reduction compared with heavy-metal-exposed groups. All the values measured in Nelumbo nucifera and Aegle marmelos treated fish were restored comparably to control fish. Our results confirmed that Nelumbo nucifera and Aegle marmelos provide a detoxification mechanism for heavy metals in common carp

Vaccination against Spring Viraemia of Carp (SVC) - from the past till the future

In the period between 1970 and 1985 it was shown that injection of killed or attenuated virus was effective in preventing spring viraemia of carp (SVC) provided that the fish were vaccinated at optimal temperatures (≥ 18°C). Unfortunately, this approach was difficult to apply in traditional pond farming, where stocking often takes place in spring and autumn at temperatures far below 18°C. In recent years new and promising DNA vaccines (containing a glycoprotein of the SVC virus) have been developed, including a formulation that can be injected or given by oral route (feeding). These developments open new possibilities for protection of young fish and/or vaccination at optimal temperatures giving durable protection in traditional pond farming of carp

Vaccination against Spring Viraemia of Carp (SVC) - from the past till the future

In the period between 1970 and 1985 it was shown that injection of killed or attenuated virus was effective in preventing spring viraemia of carp (SVC) provided that the fish were vaccinated at optimal temperatures (≥ 18°C). Unfortunately, this approach was difficult to apply in traditional pond farming, where stocking often takes place in spring and autumn at temperatures far below 18°C. In recent years new and promising DNA vaccines (containing a glycoprotein of the SVC virus) have been developed, including a formulation that can be injected or given by oral route (feeding). These developments open new possibilities for protection of young fish and/or vaccination at optimal temperatures giving durable protection in traditional pond farming of carp