FATHERS’ RELIGIOUS INVOLVEMENT AND EARLY CHILDHOOD BEHAVIOR

Previous research suggests that many men increase their religious involvement after the birth of a new child. This study extends this research by examining whether fathers maintain a higher rate of religious participation as children get older and how fathers’ religiosity may influence children’s behavior. Results suggest that many fathers maintain a higher level of religious participation during the early years of their child’s life. Although fathers’ religious involvement does not appear to directly influence children’s behavior, there is evidence that fathers’ religiosity moderates the influence of other family characteristics on children. Parental relationship quality and mothers’ religiosity are associated with fewer problem behaviors among children when fathers believe that religion is important to family life. Results also suggest that being raised by a non-religious father is associated with increased externalizing problem behavior among young children. Overall, this study suggests that religious communities may be a source of support that encourages fathers to be more active in their family life and promote positive development among children.religion, behavior, religious attendance, fathers, mothers, children

Religious Heterogamy and Relationship Stability: A Comparison of Married and Cohabiting Unions

Many studies have explored dynamics within religiously heterogamous marriages, but little is known about religiously heterogamous cohabiting unions. Using data from the Fragile Families Study, this study examines the influence of religious heterogamy on union stability among married and cohabiting couples. Results suggest that religious heterogamy is more common in cohabiting unions than marriages. Results also suggest that cohabiting unions are more likely to dissolve than marriages, and the risk of separation is higher for religiously heterogamous cohabiting unions (especially those in which one partner is religious and the other is not) than religiously heterogamous marriages. Finally, there is evidence showing that some religiously heterogamous cohabiting couples have a higher risk of relationship dissolution than religious heterogamous married couples due to lower relationship quality. Overall, this study extends the religion and family literature by showing that religious differences may lead to greater instability for cohabiting relationships than marriages.religion, behavior, religious attendance, fathers, mothers, children

Religion and Family Life

There has been increased interest among scholars in recent decades focused on the intersection of family and religion. Yet, there is still much that is not well-understood in this area. This aim of this special issue is to further explore the influence of religion on family life. In particular, this issue includes a collection of studies from leading scholars on religion and family life that focus on ways in which religion and spirituality may influence various aspects of family life including family processes, family structure, family formation, family dissolution, parenting, and family relationships.  The studies included incorporate both qualitative and quantitative analyses, incorporate a number of different religious traditions, focus on religiosity among both adults and youth, and explore a number of important issues such as depression, intimacy, sexual behavior, lying, divorce, and faith transmission

Limaria hians (Mollusca : Limacea): a neglected reef-forming keystone species

1. A key component of physical habitat along braided river systems is the exposed riverine sediment within the active zone. The relatively unmanaged, gravel-bed Fiume Tagliamento, Italy, provides the focus for exploring two ecologically important properties of exposed riverine sediments: their within-patch and between-patch variability in calibre. 2. To characterize between-patch variation in exposed riverine sediments, replicate (within-patch) samples were obtained from three geomorphologically distinct locations along 130 km of the river: bar heads along the margin of the low-flow channel, the heads of major bars across the exposed surface of the active zone, and floodplain surfaces. A photographic technique enabled rapid and consistent field sampling of the coarse sediments at bar heads along the low-flow channel margin and on major bars across the dry bed. 3. A downstream decrease in particle size and an increase in within-patch heterogeneity in sediment size were observed within bar head sediments along the margin of the low-flow channel. Comparisons between major bar and low-flow channel samples revealed greatest within-patch variability in individual sediment size indices (D50, A- and B-axes of the larger particles) at headwater sites, greatest between-patch variability in the three measured indices in the central reaches, and lowest between-patch variability at downstream sites. However, there was a distinct increase in the overall heterogeneity in particle size, which was sustained across all patches, in a downstream direction. 4. There was a clear downstream decrease in the size of floodplain sediments in the headwaters, but thereafter there was no distinct downstream trend in any of the calculated particle size indices. 5. The geomorphological controls on the observed patterns and the potential ecological significance of the patterns, particularly for plant establishment, are discussed in relation to the relative relief of the active zone, and the highly variable hydrological and climatic regime along the river

Globular clusters as probes of dark matter cusp-core transformations

Bursty star formation in dwarf galaxies can slowly transform a steep dark matter cusp into a constant density core. We explore the possibility that globular clusters (GCs) retain a dynamical memory of this transformation. To test this, we use the nbody6df code to simulate the dynamical evolution of GCs, including stellar evolution, orbiting in static and time-varying potentials for a Hubble time. We find that GCs orbiting within a cored dark matter halo, or within a halo that has undergone a cusp-core transformation, grow to a size that is substantially larger ($R_{\rm eff} > 10$ pc) than those in a static cusped dark matter halo. They also produce much less tidal debris. We find that the cleanest signal of an historic cusp-core transformation is the presence of large GCs with tidal debris. However, the effect is small and will be challenging to observe in real galaxies. Finally, we qualitatively compare our simulated GCs with the observed GC populations in the Fornax, NGC 6822, IKN and Sagittarius dwarf galaxies. We find that the GCs in these dwarf galaxies are systematically larger ($\langle R_{\rm eff}\rangle \simeq 7.8$ pc), and have substantially more scatter in their sizes, than in-situ metal rich GCs in the Milky Way and young massive star clusters forming in M83 ($\langle R_{\rm eff} \rangle \simeq 2.5$ pc). We show that the size, scatter and survival of GCs in dwarf galaxies are all consistent with them having evolved in a constant density core, or a potential that has undergone a cusp-core transformation, but not in a dark matter cusp.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure

Regional hydrothermal alteration and 18O-depletion of the ca. 620 Ma Huntington Mountain pluton and related rocks, Cape Breton Island, Canada

The ca. 620 Ma Huntington Mountain pluton and East Bay Hills Group, which comprise part of the Avalonian Mira terrane, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, are characterized by pervasive propylitic alteration (chlorite, epidote, sericite, and Fe-Ti oxides) and low δ18O values (–3.8 to +6.2‰). This alteration is a product of interaction with hydrothermal fluids of meteoric and/or meteoric-seawater mixed origin at ~300 °C over a range of water/rock (w/r) ratios. Locally, the propylitic alteration was further overprinted by quartz-calcite-sericite alteration. Such samples have generally higher δ18OWR values (up to +9.5‰), reflecting interaction with evolved meteoric water at lower temperatures (~200 °C) and very low w/r ratios. The hydrothermal fluids responsible for widespread propylitic alteration of the Huntington Mountain-East Bay Hills complex (and regions beyond) likely entered the crust during initial rifting of the Mira terrane from Gondwana at ca. 575–550 Ma.RÉSUMÉLe pluton du mont Huntington, apparu il y a quelque 620 Ma et la succession volcanique des collines East Bay, qui font partie du terrane Mira d’Avalon, sur l’île du Cap-Breton, en Nouvelle-Écosse, au Canada, se caractérisent par une altération propylitique envahissante (chlorite, épidote, séricite, et oxydes de fer et de titane), et des teneurs faibles en δ18O (−3,8 à +6,2‰). Cette altération est le résultat de l’interaction de fluides hydrothermaux d’origine mixte météorique ou météorique et d’eau de mer, ou des deux, à une température d’environ 300 °C, selon divers rapports eau/roche. Au plan local, une altération de quartz-calcite-séricite s’est superposée à l’altération propylitique. Ces échantillons ont en règle générale des valeurs de δ18OWR supérieures (qui peuvent atteindre +9,5‰), ce qui rend compte de l’interaction de l’eau météorique évoluée à de basses températures (environ 200 °C) et de rapports eau/roche très faibles. Les fluides hydrothermaux à l’origine de l’altération propylitique très étendue du complexe du mont Huntington et des collines East Bay (et des régions au-delà) ont probablement pénétré la croûte terrestre au cours du soulèvement initial du terrane Mira, à l’époque du continent de Gondwana, il y a de cela entre 575 et 550 Ma.[Traduit par la redaction