6,000 research outputs found
Turbulent thermal diffusion of aerosols in geophysics and laboratory experiments
We discuss a new phenomenon of turbulent thermal diffusion associated with
turbulent transport of aerosols in the atmosphere and in laboratory
experiments. The essence of this phenomenon is the appearance of a nondiffusive
mean flux of particles in the direction of the mean heat flux, which results in
the formation of large-scale inhomogeneities in the spatial distribution of
aerosols that accumulate in regions of minimum mean temperature of the
surrounding fluid. This effect of turbulent thermal diffusion was detected
experimentally. In experiments turbulence was generated by two oscillating
grids in two directions of the imposed vertical mean temperature gradient. We
used Particle Image Velocimetry to determine the turbulent velocity field, and
an Image Processing Technique based on an analysis of the intensity of Mie
scattering to determine the spatial distribution of aerosols. Analysis of the
intensity of laser light Mie scattering by aerosols showed that aerosols
accumulate in the vicinity of the minimum mean temperature due to the effect of
turbulent thermal diffusion. Geophysical applications of the obtained results
are discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, revtex
Thermodynamics of a d-wave Superconductor Near a Surface
We study the properties of an anisotropically paired superconductor in the
presence of a specularly reflecting surface. The bulk stable phase of the
superconducting order parameter is taken to have symmetry.
Contributions by order parameter components of different symmetries vanish in
the bulk, but may enter in the vicinity of a wall. We calculate the
self-consistent order parameter and surface free energy within the
quasiclassical formulation of superconductivity. We discuss, in particular, the
dependence of these quantities on the degree of order parameter mixing and the
surface to lattice orientation. Knowledge of the thermodynamically stable order
parameter near a surface is a necessary precondition for calculating measurable
surface properties which we present in a companion paper.Comment: 12 pages of revtex text with 12 compressed and encoded figures. To
appear in J. Low Temp. Phys., December, 199
't Hooft Expansion of 1/2 BPS Wilson Loop
We revisit the 't Hooft expansion of 1/2 BPS circular Wilson loop in N=4 SYM
studied by Drukker and Gross in hep-th/0010274. We find an interesting
recursion relation which relates different number of holes on the worldsheet.
We also argue that we can turn on the string coupling by applying a certain
integral transformation to the planar result.Comment: 21 pages; v2: minor correction
New Concepts in Particle Physics from Solution of an Old Problem
Recent ideas on modular localization in local quantum physics are used to
clarify the relation between on- and off-shell quantities in particle physics;
in particular the relation between on-shell crossing symmetry and off-shell
Einstein causality. Among the collateral results of this new nonperturbative
approach are profound relations between crossing symmetry of particle physics
and Hawking-Unruh like thermal aspects (KMS property, entropy attached to
horizons) of quantum matter behind causal horizons, aspects which hitherto were
exclusively related with Killing horizons in curved spacetime rather than with
localization aspects in Minkowski space particle physics. The scope of this
modular framework is amazingly wide and ranges from providing a conceptual
basis for the d=1+1 bootstrap-formfactor program for factorizable d=1+1 models
to a decomposition theory of QFT's in terms of a finite collection of unitarily
equivalent chiral conformal theories placed a specified relative position
within a common Hilbert space (in d=1+1 a holographic relation and in higher
dimensions more like a scanning). The new framework gives a spacetime
interpretation to the Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebra and explains its thermal
aspects.Comment: In this form it will appear in JPA Math Gen, 47 pages tcilate
Not Just Thinking, but Believing: Obsessive Beliefs and Domains of Cognitive Fusion in the Prediction of OCD Symptom Dimensions
Cognitive fusion (CF), involves the tendency to “buy in” to thoughts and feelings and consists of three empirically established domains: somatic concerns, emotion regulation, and negative evaluation. CF is hypothesized to play a role in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The present study examined how well the CF domains, relative to traditional cognitive-behavioral constructs (i.e., obsessive beliefs such as inflated responsibility), predict OCD symptoms. 52 treatment-seeking adults with OCD completed self-report measures of CF, obsessive beliefs, OCD symptoms, and general distress. Domains of CF were differentially associated with the responsibility for harm, symmetry and unacceptable thoughts OCD dimensions, yet after accounting for obsessive beliefs, only the negative evaluation domain of CF significantly predicted symmetry OCD symptoms. Obsessive beliefs significantly predicted all OCD dimensions except for contamination. These findings provide additional support for existing cognitive-behavioral models of OCD across symptom dimensions, with the exception of contamination symptoms, and suggest that the believability of thoughts and feelings about negative evaluation adds to the explanation of symmetry symptoms. Conceptual and treatment implications, study limitations, and future directions are discussed
Anyons and the Bose-Fermi duality in the finite-temperature Thirring model
Solutions to the Thirring model are constructed in the framework of algebraic
QFT. It is shown that for all positive temperatures there are fermionic
solutions only if the coupling constant is . These fermions are inequivalent and only for they are canonical
fields. In the general case solutions are anyons. Different anyons (which are
uncountably many) live in orthogonal spaces and obey dynamical equations (of
the type of Heisenberg's "Urgleichung") characterized by the corresponding
values of the statistic parameter. Thus statistic parameter turns out to be
related to the coupling constant and the whole Hilbert space becomes
non-separable with a different "Urgleichung" satisfied in each of its sectors.
This feature certainly cannot be seen by any power expansion in .
Moreover, since the latter is tied to the statistic parameter, it is clear that
such an expansion is doomed to failure and will never reveal the true structure
of the theory.
The correlation functions in the temperature state for the canonical dressed
fermions are shown by us to coincide with the ones for bare fields, that is in
agreement with the uniqueness of the -KMS state over the CAR algebra
( being the shift automorphism). Also the -anyon two-point
function is evaluated and for scalar field it reproduces the result that is
known from the literature.Comment: 25 pages, LaTe
Electromagnetism in terms of quantum measurements
We consider the question whether electromagnetism can be derived from quantum
physics of measurements. It turns out that this is possible, both for quantum
and classical electromagnetism, if we use more recent innovations such as
smearing of observables and simultaneous measurability. In this way we justify
the use of von Neumann-type measurement models for physical processes.
We apply operational quantum measurement theory to gain insight in
fundamental aspects of quantum physics. Interactions of von Neumann type make
the Heisenberg evolution of observables describable using explicit operator
deformations. In this way one can obtain quantized electromagnetism as a
measurement of a system by another. The relevant deformations (Rieffel
deformations) have a mathematically well-defined "classical" limit which is
indeed classical electromagnetism for our choice of interaction
- …