Measurement the Economic Efficiency and Risk Management Strategy for Projects of Table Eggs Production in Diyala Governorate

Purpose: The aim of the research is to estimate the cost efficiency and technical and Allocavtive components of egg production projects and to identify risk management strategies.   Theoretical framework: These include Data Envelopment Analysis Program (DEAP), a method of linear programming in estimating the economic efficiency in addition to strategic use in risk management.   Design/methodology/approach: The data was collected from 44 egg chicken projects, collected randomly from Diyala county districts for 2018, for achieving economic efficiency of agriculture and  risk management strategic for projects of  table egg production .   Findings: by using of Data Envelopment Analysis with a input orientation. technical efficiency about averaged 0.995, which is highly efficient,. Allocavtive efficiency was 0.99. By linking the relationship between economic efficiency and some administrative variables, some of which are direct and inverse.   Practical & Social implications: The study benefits table egg producers, including their knowledge of the optimal use of resources for the actual use of resources through the study of economic efficiency. The study showed how to deal with risks in their projects. Outside the farm, the coping strategy to face risks is in lending, and thus this study is used at present and in the future in these investment projects..   Originality/value:  That the poultry sector is an investment and commercial sector, it is necessary to study the resources efficiency used and because it contains risks, so a strategy must be developed to protect the product from these risks

Hybrid power control and contention window adaptation for channel congestion problem in internet of vehicles network

Technology such as vehicular ad hoc networks can be used to enhance the convenience and safety of passenger and drivers. The vehicular ad hoc networks safety applications suffer from performance degradation due to channel congestion in high-density situations. In order to improve vehicular ad hoc networks reliability, performance, and safety, wireless channel congestion should be examined. Features of vehicular networks such as high transmission frequency, fast topology change, high mobility, high disconnection make the congestion control is a challenging task. In this paper, a new congestion control approach is proposed based on the concept of hybrid power control and contention window to ensure a reliable and safe communications architecture within the internet of vehicles network. The proposed approach performance is investigated using an urban scenario. Simulation results show that the network performance has been enhanced by using the hybrid developed strategy in terms of received messages, delay time, messages loss, data collision and congestion ratio

Photodynamic therapy of cancer cells using folate conjugated gold nanoparticles as a new nanoplatform for targeted cancer therapy

Photodynamic therapy works through photo activation of a specific photosensitizer in a tumor in the presence of oxygen. PDT is widely applied in oncology to treat various cancers as it has a minimally invasive procedure and high selectivity, does not interfere with other treatments, and can be repeated as needed. A large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and singlet oxygen is generated in a cancer cell during PDT, which destroys the tumor effectively. In this study, explained utilization of gold nanoparticles as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy of primary liver cancer and colorectal cancer that showed gold NPs exerted cytotoxic effects on cancer cells in dose dependent manner. In this study also used folic acid (a water-soluble vitamin) as ligand to increase targeting of nanoparticles to cancer cells were tumor cells   over-expressing folate receptors for their rapid proliferation. The results showed that the folic acid conjugated Au NPs exerted a significant cytotoxic effect on cancer cells (decrease in cells viability) (p˂0.001) and upon irradiations the effects also enhanced significantly comparing with gold nanoparticles alone