On the liquid-glass transition line in monatomic Lennard-Jones fluids

A thermodynamic approach to derive the liquid-glass transition line in the reduced temperature vs reduced density plane for a monatomic Lennard-Jones fluid is presented. The approach makes use of a recent reformulation of the classical perturbation theory of liquids [M. Robles and M. L\'opez de Haro, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. {\bf 3}, 5528 (2001)] which is at grips with a rational function approximation for the Laplace transform of the radial distribution function of the hard-sphere fluid. The only input required is an equation of state for the hard-sphere system. Within the Mansoori-Canfield/Rasaiah-Stell variational perturbation theory, two choices for such an equation of state, leading to a glass transition for the hard-sphere fluid, are considered. Good agreement with the liquid-glass transition line derived from recent molecular dynamic simulations [Di Leonardo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 84}, 6054(2000)] is obtained.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Black hole collapse simulated by vacuum fluctuations with a moving semi-transparent mirror

Creation of scalar massless particles in two-dimensional Minkowski space-time--as predicted by the dynamical Casimir effect--is studied for the case of a semitransparent mirror initially at rest, then accelerating for some finite time, along a trajectory that simulates a black hole collapse (defined by Walker, and Carlitz and Willey), and finally moving with constant velocity. When the reflection and transmission coefficients are those in the model proposed by Barton, Calogeracos, and Nicolaevici [r(w)=-i\alpha/(\w+i\alpha) and s(w)=\w/(\w+i\alpha), with $\alpha\geq 0$], the Bogoliubov coefficients on the back side of the mirror can be computed exactly. This allows us to prove that, when $\alpha$ is very large (case of an ideal, perfectly reflecting mirror) a thermal emission of scalar massless particles obeying Bose-Einstein statistics is radiated from the mirror (a black body radiation), in accordance with results previously obtained in the literature. However, when $\alpha$ is finite (semitransparent mirror, a physically realistic situation) the striking result is obtained that the thermal emission of scalar massless particles obeys Fermi-Dirac statistics. We also show here that the reverse change of statistics takes place in a bidimensional fermionic model for massless particles, namely that the Fermi-Dirac statistics for the completely reflecting situation will turn into the Bose-Einstein statistics for a partially reflecting, physical mirror.Comment: 13 pages, no figures, version to appear in Physical Review

Demixing can occur in binary hard-sphere mixtures with negative non-additivity

A binary fluid mixture of non-additive hard spheres characterized by a size ratio $\gamma=\sigma_2/\sigma_1<1$ and a non-additivity parameter $\Delta=2\sigma_{12}/(\sigma_1+\sigma_2)-1$ is considered in infinitely many dimensions. From the equation of state in the second virial approximation (which is exact in the limit $d\to\infty$) a demixing transition with a critical consolute point at a packing fraction scaling as $\eta\sim d 2^{-d}$ is found, even for slightly negative non-additivity, if $\Delta>-{1/8}(\ln\gamma)^2$. Arguments concerning the stability of the demixing with respect to freezing are provided.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; title changed; final paragraph added; to be published in PRE as a Rapid Communicatio

Nagel scaling and relaxation in the kinetic Ising model on a n-isotopic chain

The kinetic Ising model on a n-isotopic chain is considered in the framework of Glauber dynamics. The chain is composed of N segments with n sites, each one occupied by a different isotope. Due to the isotopic mass difference, the n spins in each segment have different relaxation times in the absence of the interactions, and consequently the dynamics of the system is governed by multiple relaxation mechanisms. The solution is obtained in closed form for arbitrary n, by reducing the problem to a set of n coupled equations, and it is shown rigorously that the critical exponent z is equal to 2. Explicit results are obtained numerically for any temperature and it is also shown that the dynamic susceptibility satisfies the new scaling (Nagel scaling) proposed for glass-forming liquids. This is in agreement with our recent results (L. L. Goncalves, M. Lopez de Haro, J. Taguena-Martinez and R. B. Stinchcombe, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1507 (2000)), which relate this new scaling function to multiple relaxation processes.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, presented at Ising Centennial Colloquium, to be published in the Proceedings (Brazilian Journal of Physics.

Optimal Policy Derivation for Transmission Duty-Cycle Constrained LPWAN

Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies enable Internet of Things (IoT) devices to efficiently and robustly communicate over long distances, thus making them especially suited for industrial environments. However, the stringent regulations on the usage of certain industrial, scientific, and medical bands in many countries in which LPWAN operate limit the amount of time IoT motes can occupy the shared bands. This is particularly challenging in industrial scenarios, where not being able to report some detected events might result in the failure of critical assets. To alleviate this, and by mathematically modeling LPWAN-based IoT motes, we have derived optimal transmission policies that maximize the number of reported events (prioritized by their importance) while still complying with current regulations. The proposed solution has been customized for two widely known LPWAN technologies: 1) LoRa and 2) Sigfox. Analytical results reveal that our solution is feasible and performs remarkably close to the theoretical limit for a wide range of network activity patterns

Multicomponent fluids of hard hyperspheres in odd dimensions

Mixtures of hard hyperspheres in odd space dimensionalities are studied with an analytical approximation method. This technique is based on the so-called Rational Function Approximation and provides a procedure for evaluating equations of state, structure factors, radial distribution functions, and direct correlations functions of additive mixtures of hard hyperspheres with any number of components and in arbitrary odd-dimension space. The method gives the exact solution of the Ornstein--Zernike equation coupled with the Percus--Yevick closure, thus extending to arbitrary odd dimension the solution for hard-sphere mixtures [J. L. Lebowitz, Phys.\ Rev.\ \textbf{133}, 895 (1964)]. Explicit evaluations for binary mixtures in five dimensions are performed. The results are compared with computer simulations and a good agreement is found.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures; v2: slight change of notatio