10,202 research outputs found
Effective potential for composite operators and for an auxiliary scalar field in a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
We derive the effective potentials for composite operators in a
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model at zero and finite temperature and show that in
each case they are equivalent to the corresponding effective potentials based
on an auxiliary scalar field. The both effective potentials could lead to the
same possible spontaneous breaking and restoration of symmetries including
chiral symmetry if the momentum cutoff in the loop integrals is large enough,
and can be transformed to each other when the Schwinger-Dyson (SD) equation of
the dynamical fermion mass from the fermion-antifermion vacuum (or thermal)
condensates is used. The results also generally indicate that two effective
potentials with the same single order parameter but rather different
mathematical expressions can still be considered physically equivalent if the
SD equation corresponding to the extreme value conditions of the two potentials
have the same form.Comment: 7 pages, no figur
Controlling transition probability from matter-wave soliton to chaos
For a Bose-Einstein condensate loaded into a weak traveling optical
superlattice it is demonstrated that under a stochastic initial set and in a
given parameter region the solitonic chaos appears with a certain probability.
Effects of the lattice depths and wave vectors on the chaos probability are
investigated analytically and numerically, and different chaotic regions
associated with different chaos probabilities are found. The results suggest a
feasible method for eliminating or strengthening chaos by modulating the moving
superlattice experimentally.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Discrete chaotic states of a Bose-Einstein condensate
We find the different spatial chaos in a one-dimensional attractive
Bose-Einstein condensate interacting with a Gaussian-like laser barrier and
perturbed by a weak optical lattice. For the low laser barrier the chaotic
regions of parameters are demonstrated and the chaotic and regular states are
illustrated numerically. In the high barrier case, the bounded perturbed
solutions which describe a set of discrete chaotic states are constructed for
the discrete barrier heights and magic numbers of condensed atoms. The chaotic
density profiles are exhibited numerically for the lowest quantum number, and
the analytically bounded but numerically unbounded Gaussian-like configurations
are confirmed. It is shown that the chaotic wave packets can be controlled
experimentally by adjusting the laser barrier potential.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Business Ecosystem and Stakeholders’ Role Transformation: Evidence from China’s Emerging Electric Vehicle Industry
Nurturing an emerging industry’s business ecosystem always requires stakeholders’ efforts and role transformation. By systematically reviewing and studying the evolution of the Chinese electric vehicle industry, this paper constructs a three-dimensional theoretical framework including stages of business ecosystem lifecycle, stakeholder classification and functional roles, to analyse the transformation both of different stakeholders and their functional roles. The findings show that business ecosystem stakeholders have experienced role transformation following a mechanism defined as the ‘Triple Oscillation’ Model during the evolution of the emerging industry. These findings also help develop a conceptual model of agent-based system for business ecosystem evolution, which could be a starting point for further emerging industry study
Magnetic Field Effect on the Phase Transition in AdS Soliton Spacetime
We investigate the scalar perturbations in an AdS soliton background coupled
to a Maxwell field via marginally stable modes. In the probe limit, we study
the magnetic field effect on the holographic insulator/superconductor phase
transition numerically and analytically. The condensate will be localized in a
finite circular region for any finite constant magnetic field. Near the
critical point, we find that there exists a simple relation among the critical
chemical potential, magnetic field, the charge and mass of the scalar field.
This relation indicates that the presence of the magnetic field causes the
phase transition hard.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. contents improved and references adde
Evolving small-world networks with geographical attachment preference
We introduce a minimal extended evolving model for small-world networks which
is controlled by a parameter. In this model the network growth is determined by
the attachment of new nodes to already existing nodes that are geographically
close. We analyze several topological properties for our model both
analytically and by numerical simulations. The resulting network shows some
important characteristics of real-life networks such as the small-world effect
and a high clustering.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
High Dimensional Apollonian Networks
We propose a simple algorithm which produces high dimensional Apollonian
networks with both small-world and scale-free characteristics. We derive
analytical expressions for the degree distribution, the clustering coefficient
and the diameter of the networks, which are determined by their dimension
STM observation of electronic wave interference effect in finite-sized graphite with dislocation-network structures
Superperiodic patterns near a step edge were observed by STM on
several-layer-thick graphite sheets on a highly oriented pyrolitic graphite
substrate, where a dislocation network is generated at the interface between
the graphite overlayer and the substrate. Triangular- and rhombic-shaped
periodic patterns whose periodicities are around 100 nm were observed on the
upper terrace near the step edge. In contrast, only outlines of the patterns
similar to those on the upper terrace were observed on the lower terrace. On
the upper terrace, their geometrical patterns gradually disappeared and became
similar to those on the lower terrace without any changes of their periodicity
in increasing a bias voltage. By assuming a periodic scattering potential at
the interface due to dislocations, the varying corrugation amplitudes of the
patterns can be understood as changes in LDOS as a result of the beat of
perturbed and unperturbed waves, i.e. the interference in an overlayer. The
observed changes in the image depending on an overlayer height and a bias
voltage can be explained by the electronic wave interference in the ultra-thin
overlayer distorted under the influence of dislocation-network structures.Comment: 8 pages; 6 figures; Paper which a part of cond-mat/0311068 is
disscussed in detai
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