Właściwości tribologiczne i fizyczne polipropylenu wypełnionego włóknami naturalnymi

This paper deals with the tribological and physical property analysis of polypropylene filled by selected natural fibres of vegetable and animal origin (coconut, flax, cellulose and fleece fibres) from the application point of view. Tribological properties of injection parts are evaluated through surface roughness and friction coefficient. Physical properties are evaluated in light of melt flow behaviour, the strength characteristics of injection parts, flammability, and shape stability both under lower and higher temperatures.Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje właściwości tribologiczne i fizyczne analizy polipropylenu wypełnionego włóknami pochodzenia naturalnego, roślinnego i zwierzęcego (głównie kokosowe, włóknina, len i włókna celulozowe). Właściwości tribologiczne wtryskiwanego detalu są oceniane pod kątem chropowatości powierzchni oraz współczynnika tarcia. Właściwości fizyczne są oceniane pod kątem zachowania przepływu roztopionego materiału, cech wytrzymałościowych wtryskiwanej wypraski, palności i stabilności kształtu wypraski zarówno przy niskich, jak i w wysokich temperaturach

Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury: Report of Two Cases

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a severe life-threatening complication of blood transfusion, characterized by acute lung injury developing within 2–6 h of transfusion. However, TRALI is difficult to diagnose, and the initial report or suspicion of TRALI depends on close collaboration between clinical departments and transfusion centres. A total of 17 adverse post-transfusion reactions were reported to the Blood Centre of the University Hospital Ostrava as suspected TRALI between 2005 and 2010. We report two cases of serious TRALI with different pathogenetic mechanisms

Large tandem duplications affect gene expression, 3D organization, and plant–pathogen response

Rapid plant genome evolution is crucial to adapt to environmental changes. Chromosomal rearrangements and gene copy number variation (CNV) are two important tools for genome evolution and sources for the creation of new genes. However, their emergence takes many generations. In this study, we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, a significant loss of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes with a past history of a mutation for the chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF1) complex causes rapid changes in the genome structure. Using long-read sequencing and microscopic approaches, we have identified up to 15 independent large tandem duplications in direct orientation (TDDOs) ranging from 60 kb to 1.44 Mb. Our data suggest that these TDDOs appeared within a few generations, leading to the duplication of hundreds of genes. By subsequently focusing on a line only containing 20% of rRNA gene copies (20rDNA line), we investigated the impact of TDDOs on 3D genome organization, gene expression, and cytosine methylation. We found that duplicated genes often accumulate more transcripts. Among them, several are involved in plant–pathogen response, which could explain why the 20rDNA line is hyper-resistant to both bacterial and nematode infections. Finally, we show that the TDDOs create gene fusions and/or truncations and discuss their potential implications for the evolution of plant genomes