177 research outputs found
Parity nonconserving observables in thermal neutron capture on a proton
We calculate parity nonconserving observables in the processes where a
neutron is captured on a proton at the threshold energy radiating a photon.
Various potential models such as Paris, Bonn and Argonne are used for the
strong interactions, and the meson-exchange description is employed for the
weak interactions between hadrons. The photon polarization in the
unpolarized neutron capture process and photon asymmetry in the
polarized neutron capture process are obtained in terms of the weak
meson-nucleon coupling constants. turns out to be basically
insensitive to the employed strong interaction models and thus can be uniquely
determined in terms of the weak coupling constants, but depends
significantly on the strong interaction models.Comment: 13 pages, 11 eps figure
An Effective Field Theory Calculation of the Parity Violating Asymmetry in n+p -> d+gamma
Weak interactions are expected to induce a parity violating pion-nucleon
coupling, h_{\pi NN}^{(1)}. This coupling should be measurable in a proposed
experiment to study the parity violating asymmetry A_\gamma in the process \vec
n + p \to d+\gamma. We compute the leading dependence of A_\gamma on the
coupling h_{\pi NN}^{(1)} using recently developed effective field theory
techniques and find an asymmetry of A_\gamma = +0.17 h_{\pi NN}^{(1)} at
leading order. This asymmetry has the opposite sign to that given by
Desplanques, Donoghue and Holstein.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures from 3 eps files, late
Fabrication of GaNxAs1-x Quantum Structures by Focused Ion Beam Patterning
A novel approach to the fabrication of GaNxAs1-x quantum dots and wires via
ion beam patterning is presented. Photomodulated reflectance spectra confirm
that N can be released from the As sublattice of an MBE-grown GaNxAs1-x film by
amorphization through ion implantation followed by regrowth upon rapid thermal
annealing (RTA). Amorphization may be achieved with a focused ion beam (FIB),
which is used to implant Ga ions in patterned lines such that annealing
produces GaAs regions within a GaNxAs1-x film. The profiles of these amorphized
lines are dependent upon the dose implanted, and the film reaches a damage
threshold during RTA due to excess Ga. By altering the FIB implantation
pattern, quantum dots or wires may be fabricated.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on
the Physics of Semiconductors (ICPS-27, Flagstaff, AZ, July 26-30, 2004
Elastic Nd scattering at intermediate energies as a tool for probing the short-range deuteron structure
A calculation of the deuteron polarization observables , ,
, and the differential cross-section for elastic
nucleon-deuteron scattering at incident deuteron energies 270 and 880 MeV in
lab is presented. A comparison of the calculations with two different deuteron
wave-functions derived from the Bonn-CD -potential model and the dressed
bag quark model is carried out. A model-independent approach, based on an
optical potential framework, is used in which a nucleon-nucleon -matrix is
assumed to be local and taken on the energy shell, but still depends on the
internal nucleon momentum in a deuteron.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
Strangeness-Conserving Hadronic Parity Violation at Low Energies
The parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction is the key to understanding
the strangeness-conserving hadronic weak interaction at low energies. In this
brief talk, I review the past accomplishments in and current status of this
subject, and outline a new joint effort between experiment and theory that
tries to address the potential problems in the past by focusing on parity
violation in few-nucleon systems and using the language of effective field
theory.Comment: 8 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the Second Meeting of the
APS Topical Group on Hadronic Physics, Nashville, TN, USA, Oct. 22-24, 200
Evidence for Color Fluctuations in Hadrons from Coherent Nuclear Diffraction}
A QCD-based treatment of projectile size fluctuations is used to compute
inelastic diffractive cross sections for coherent
hadron-nuclear processes. We find that fluctuations near the average size give
the major contribution to the cross section with contribution
from small size configurations.
The computed values of are consistent with the limited
available data. The importance of coherent diffraction studies for a wide range
of projectiles for high energy Fermilab fixed target experiments is emphasized.
The implications of these significant color fluctuations for relativistic heavy
ion collisions are discussed.Comment: Report number DOE/ER 40427-13-N93 11 pages, 3 figures available from
author Mille
Parity Violation in gamma proton Compton Scattering
A measurement of parity-violating spin-dependent gamma proton Compton
scattering will provide a theoretically clean determination of the
parity-violating pion-nucleon coupling constant . We
calculate the leading parity-violating amplitude arising from one-loop pion
graphs in chiral perturbation theory. An asymmetry of ~5 10^{-8} is estimated
for Compton scattering of 100 MeV photons.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, latex. Reference adde
Dijet production as a centrality trigger for p-p collisions at CERN LHC
We demonstrate that a trigger on hard dijet production at small rapidities
allows to establish a quantitative distinction between central and peripheral
collisions in pbar-p and p-p collisions at Tevatron and LHC energies. Such a
trigger strongly reduces the effective impact parameters as compared to minimum
bias events. This happens because the transverse spatial distribution of hard
partons (x >~ 10^{-2}) in the proton is considerably narrower than that of soft
partons, whose collisions dominate the total cross section. In the central
collisions selected by the trigger, most of the partons with x >~ 10^{-2}
interact with a gluon field whose strength rapidly increases with energy. At
LHC (and to some extent already at Tevatron) energies the strength of this
interaction approaches the unitarity ('black-body') limit. This leads to
specific modifications of the final state, such as a higher probability of
multijet events at small rapidities, a strong increase of the transverse
momenta and depletion of the longitudinal momenta at large rapidities, and the
appearance of long-range correlations in rapidity between the forward/backward
fragmentation regions. The same pattern is expected for events with production
of new heavy particles (Higgs, SUSY). Studies of these phenomena would be
feasible with the CMS-TOTEM detector setup, and would have considerable impact
on the exploration of the physics of strong gluon fields in QCD, as well as the
search for new particles at LHC.Comment: 17 pages, Revtex 4, 14 EPS figures. Expanded discussion of some
points, added 3 new figures and new references. Included comment on
connection with cosmic ray physics near the GZK cutoff. To appear in Phys Rev
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