À propos de l’éducation thérapeutique des patients. La place de l’anthropologie

L’Éducation thérapeutique des patients Anne Lacroix et Jean-Philippe Assal, Paris, Vigot, 1998. Therapeutic Patient Education. Continuing education programmes for healthcare providers in the field of prevention of chronic diseasesReport of a WHO Working Group, 1998. S’il est un lieu où l’anthropologie a une place en médecine, c’est bien dans ce domaine en expansion qu’est l’éducation thérapeutique des patients. A cet égard, l’école de Genève formée autour du Pr. J.-P. Assal adopte une positio..

State-Directed Political Protest in US Capital Cities: 1998-2001

Using a new dataset, we analyze four years of political protest events in US state capitals, in order to specify the processes and possibilities for collective action at the state level. Drawing from resource mobilization/political process theory, we test hypotheses regarding density of activist communities, political culture, social capital, administrative capacities, and political processes in affecting the number of protests, rallies, and demonstrations directed at state government. We find that the most important factors include the density of contentious communities of individuals (specifically university students), political culture, Democratic Party control of government, and the option to use direct legislation (a negative effect), while administrative capacity, generalized social capital, and party competition have no effects. We also find strong positive baseline effects for the population size of the state, the relative importance of the capital compared to other cities, and urbanization. We argue that these findings illustrate how aggregate levels of state-level political protest arise out of collective action processes and the mobilization of small groups, as mediated through stable cultural repertoires of political tactics and moderated by certain political opportunities and processes.This publication is Hauser Center Working Paper No. 13. The Hauser Center Working Paper Series was launched during the summer of 2000. The Series enables the Hauser Center to share with a broad audience important works-in-progress written by Hauser Center scholars and researchers

Islamic Philanthropy, Development and Wellbeing

This paper seeks to contribute to the debates on Islamic philanthropy and development, both conceptually and through case studies, especially from Egypt. Conceptually, it argues that the three-dimensional concept of wellbeing offers some analytical inroads into understanding the relational dimensions of the role of Islamic philanthropy in Muslim-majority contexts, and how it is embedded in subjective meanings of the self and fulfilment of divine precepts

Highlighting the effects of co‐eluting interferences on compound specific stable isotope analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography

Accuracy is the most important issue when carrying out compound specific stable isotope analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons extracted from complex samples. It depends on two main factors: the possible isotopic fractionation of the compounds during extraction and the potential co‐elution with interfering compounds with different isotopic signatures. We present here a simplified pressurised liquid extraction method for compound specific stable isotope analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in non‐aqueous phase liquids of coal tar. Samples extracted using the new method and using fractionation on silica gel column were analysed using comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography. We were able to evaluate the effect of coelution on carbon and hydrogen stable isotope signatures of the 16 US EPA priority PAHs in the coal tars with various proportions of aromatic and aliphatic content. Even in samples that presented a good baseline resolution, the PAHs of interest co‐eluted with other aromatic compounds with a notable effect on their stable isotope values; it demonstrated the necessity to check the quality of all extraction and clean‐up methods (either the simplified pressurized liquid extraction or more traditional labour‐intensive methods) for the more complex samples prior to data interpretation. Additionally, comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography enabled visualisation of the suspected coelutions for the first time

Ecological legacies of drought, fire, and insect disturbance in western North American forests, The

Includes bibliographical references.2015 Fall.Temperate forest ecosystems are subject to various disturbances including insect agents, drought and fire, which can have profound effects on the structure of the ecosystem for many years after the event. Impacts of disturbance can vary widely, therefore an understanding of the legacies of an event are critical in the interpretation of contemporary forest patterns and those of the near future. The primary objective of this dissertation was to investigate the ecological legacies of drought, beetle outbreak and ensuing wildfire in two different ecosystems. A secondary objective of my research, data development, was motivated by a lack of available data which precluded ecological investigation of each disturbance. I studied the effects of drought on deciduous and coniferous forest along a forest-shrubland ecotone in the southern portion of the Wyoming Basin Ecoregion. The results show that forests in the region have experienced high levels of cumulative drought related mortality over the last decade. Negative trends were not consistent across forest type or distributed randomly across the study area. The patterns of long-term trends highlight areas of forest that are resistant, persistent or vulnerable to severe drought. In the second thread of my dissertation, I used multiple lines of evidence to retrospectively characterize a landscape scale mountain pine beetle disturbance from the 1970s in Glacier National Park. The lack of spatially explicit data on this disturbance was a major data gap since wildfire had removed some of the evidence from the landscape. I used this information to assess the influence of beetle severity on the burn severity of subsequent wildfires in the decades after the outbreak. Although many factors contribute to burn severity, my results indicate that beetle severity can positively influence burn severity of wildfire. This is likely due to the change in forest structure in the decades after the outbreak and not as a direct result of tree mortality from the outbreak. The long-term perspective of this study suggests that ecological legacies of high severity disturbance may continue to influence subsequent disturbance for many years after the initial event. This work also provides insight on future disturbance interactions associated with the recent mountain pine beetle outbreak that has impacted tens of millions of hectares in western North America over the last two decades

Distributed semantic networks and CLIPS

Semantic networks of frames are commonly used as a method of reasoning in many problems. In most of these applications the semantic network exists as a single entity in a single process environment. Advances in workstation hardware provide support for more sophisticated applications involving multiple processes, interacting in a distributed environment. In these applications the semantic network may well be distributed over several concurrently executing tasks. This paper describes the design and implementation of a frame based, distributed semantic network in which frames are accessed both through C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS) expert systems and procedural C++ language programs. The application area is a knowledge based, cooperative decision making model utilizing both rule based and procedural experts