MEvoLib v1.0: The first molecular evolution library for Python

Background: Molecular evolution studies involve many different hard computational problems solved, in most cases, with heuristic algorithms that provide a nearly optimal solution. Hence, diverse software tools exist for the different stages involved in a molecular evolution workflow. Results: We present MEvoLib, the first molecular evolution library for Python, providing a framework to work with different tools and methods involved in the common tasks of molecular evolution workflows. In contrast with already existing bioinformatics libraries, MEvoLib is focused on the stages involved in molecular evolution studies, enclosing the set of tools with a common purpose in a single high-level interface with fast access to their frequent parameterizations. The gene clustering from partial or complete sequences has been improved with a new method that integrates accessible external information (e.g. GenBank''s features data). Moreover, MEvoLib adjusts the fetching process from NCBI databases to optimize the download bandwidth usage. In addition, it has been implemented using parallelization techniques to cope with even large-case scenarios. Conclusions: MEvoLib is the first library for Python designed to facilitate molecular evolution researches both for expert and novel users. Its unique interface for each common task comprises several tools with their most used parameterizations. It has also included a method to take advantage of biological knowledge to improve the gene partition of sequence datasets. Additionally, its implementation incorporates parallelization techniques to enhance computational costs when handling very large input datasets

Search for Long-Lived Heavy Neutrinos at the LHC with a VBF Trigger

The charged current production of long-lived heavy neutrinos at the LHC can use a prompt charged lepton for triggering the measurement of the process. However, in order to fully characterize the heavy neutrino interactions, it is necessary to also probe Higgs or $Z$ mediated neutral current production. In this case the charged lepton is not available, so other means of triggering are required. In this work, we explore the possibility of using a vector boson fusion trigger in the context of a GeV-scale Type I Seesaw model. We consider a minimal model, where both Higgs and Z-mediated contributions produce one heavy neutrino, as well as an extended model where the Higgs can decay into two heavy ones. Both scenarios are tested through displaced dilepton and displaced multitrack jet searches.Comment: 31 pages, 1 appendix, 5 figures; v2: improved version, accepted for publication in EPJ

Analysis of buñuelos growth rate using 2K factorial design

Buñuelos are a traditional food not only in Colombia but in several parts of the world. They are prepared mainly with cassava starch, cornstarch, cheese, water or milk. The purpose of this work is to determine which factors (trademark, time, temperature, serving size) or interactions between them are important to achieve a major volume of the buñuelos. Thus, a 2k design is proposed to analyze the factors on the growth rate of buñuelos. The growth rate is calculated taking into account the buñuelos diameter before fried and after fried. The results indicate that the serving size has the principal effect on the response variable but followed by the trademark and some interactions between time and temperature

Relationship of the verbal fluency index profile with the variables age, educational level, and sex in a group of schoolchildren

This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study, whose purpose was to relate the profile of the verbal fluency index-VFI with the variables of age, sex, and educational level of a schoolchildren group from an official educational institution in the department of Sucre, Colombia. The sample consisted of 390 students distributed in 176 of BPE and 214 of BSE to whom the verbal fluency test reviewed by Ardilla and Rosselli (2007) was administered. The Microsoft Excel 19.0 statistical program was used for data coding and the EZAnalyze version 2.5 add-in was used for processing. The results showed that the phonological verbal fluency, semantic, and general index tests were below the normative mean. The association between the VFI with the variables age and school grade was confirmed with the parametric test of Pearson's coefficient with a high level of significance p=0.000. However, gender had no influence on performance because there was no correlation. It is concluded that the VFI increases with age and school grade, factors that imply that as they increase, it will allow a progressive tendency to access the lexicon, the ability to name words according to phonemic indication, and from a given category

Simulations of model magnetorheological fluids in squeeze flow mode

A particle-level simulation methodology is proposed to study the squeeze flow behavior of model magnetorheological (MR) fluids. The simulation algorithm takes into account Brownian motion and local field corrections to magnetic interactions of the particles. Simulation results obtained from using different initial configurations, including one single-particle-width chain per simulation box, random or lattice arrangements of preassembled single-particle-width chains as well as randomly dispersed particle suspensions, are compared with experimental data and predictions of a recently developed microscopic model. The assumption of single-particle-width chain structures in the systems has been shown to generate normal stresses larger than those found in experiments and the micromechanical model. However, much better agreement between the simulation and experimental results have been reached when using random initial configurations in the simulations

Summability of the perturbative expansion for a zero-dimensional disordered spin model

We show analytically that the perturbative expansion for the free energy of the zero dimensional (quenched) disordered Ising model is Borel-summable in a certain range of parameters, provided that the summation is carried out in two steps: first, in the strength of the original coupling of the Ising model and subsequently in the variance of the quenched disorder. This result is illustrated by some high-precision calculations of the free energy obtained by a straightforward numerical implementation of our sequential summation method.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages and 4 figure