Intensities of backscatter Mössbauer spectra

The intensities of γ‐ray and x‐ray backscatter Mössbauer spectra of ^(57)Fe nuclei in different matrix materials were studied theoretically and experimentally. A previous analysis by J. J. Bara [Phys. Status Solidi A 58, 349 (1980] showed that negative peak intensities occur in backscatter γ‐ray spectra when the ^(57)Fe nuclei are in a matrix of light elements. We report a confirmation of this work and offer a simple explanation of the phenomenon. The present paper extends Bara’s analysis to the case of conversion x‐ray spectra; expressions for the intensity of conversion x‐ray spectra as a function of absorber thickness and absorber material parameters are presented. We show that negative peak intensities are expected in conversion x‐ray spectra when the ^(57)Fe nuclei are in a matrix of heavy elements

Spin-roton excitations in the cuprate superconductors

We identify a new kind of elementary excitations, spin-rotons, in the doped Mott insulator. They play a central role in deciding the superconducting transition temperature Tc, resulting in a simple Tc formula,Tc=Eg/6, with Eg as the characteristic energy scale of the spin rotons. We show that the degenerate S=1 and S=0 rotons can be probed by neutron scattering and Raman scattering measurements, respectively, in good agreement with the magnetic resonancelike mode and the Raman A1g mode observed in the high-Tc cuprates.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure

Blueberries extract supplementation improves physical performance and decreases oxidative stress in mice

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of blueberry extracts (BBE) supplementation on physical performance and exercise-induced oxidative stress. 40 male Swiss mice were randomly divided into four groups (three BBE supplementation groups and one control group). The control group was gavaged with distilled water and BBE supplementation groups were gavaged with BBE (1, 2 and 4 ml respectively). After 21 days, forced swimming test was performed and the result shows that BBE supplementation could extend the swimming time to exhaustion of the mice, decreasing the blood lactic acid and MDA levels, while increasing SOD, CAT and GPX activities. It was concluded that BBE supplementation improves physical performance (swimming time) and decreases oxidative stress.Key words: Blueberries extract, physical performance, oxidative stress, mice