152,833 research outputs found
Spontaneous spatial fractal pattern formation in absorptive systems
We predict, for the first time to our knowledge, that purely-absorptive nonlinearity can support spontaneous spatial fractal pattern formation. A passive optical ring cavity with a thin slice of saturable absorber is analyzed. Linear stability analysis yields threshold curves for Turing (static) instabilities with features proposed as characteristics of potential fractal pattern formation. Numerical simulations of the fully-nonlinear dynamics, with both one and two transverse dimensions, confirm theoretical predictions
Direct Evidence from Spitzer for a low-luminosity AGN at the center of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 315
We present the {\it Spitzer} Space Telescope InfraRed Array Camera (IRAC) and
Multiband Imaging Photometer (MIPS) observations of the elliptical galaxy NGC
315. After removal of the host galaxy's stellar emission, we detected for the
first time an infrared-red nucleus in NGC 315. We measured the spectral energy
distribution (SED) for this active nucleus with wavelength range covering from
radio to X-ray, and obtained the bolometric luminosity of , corresponding to an extremely low Eddington
ratio (L/L) of 4.97 10. Our results confirm that
the physical nature of the nucleus of NGC 315 is a low-luminosity AGN,
consistent with the recent optical and {\it Chandra} X-ray observations.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
The Differences of Star Formation History Between Merging Galaxies and Field Galaxies in the EDR of the SDSS
Based on the catalog of merging galaxies in the Early Data Release (EDR) of
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), the differences of star formation history
between merging galaxies and field galaxies are studied statistically by means
of three spectroscopic indicators the 4000-\r{A} break strength, the Balmer
absorption-line index, and the specific star formation rate. It is found that
for early-type merging galaxies the interactions will not induce significant
enhancement of the star-formation activity because of its stability and lack of
cool gas. On the other hand, late-type merging galaxies always in general
display more active star formation than field galaxies on different timescales
within about 1Gyr. We also conclude that the mean stellar ages of late-type
merging galaxies are younger than those of late-type field galaxies.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PAS
Information on the Pion Distribution Amplitude from the Pion-Photon Transition Form Factor with the Belle and BaBar Data
The pion-photon transition form factor (TFF) provides strong constraints on
the pion distribution amplitude (DA). We perform an analysis of all existing
data (CELLO, CLEO, BaBar, Belle) on the pion-photon TFF by means of light-cone
pQCD approach in which we include the next-to-leading order correction to the
valence-quark contribution and estimate the non-valence-quark contribution by a
phenomenological model based on the TFF's limiting behavior at both
and . At present, the pion DA is not definitely determined, it is
helpful to have a pion DA model that can mimic all the suggested behaviors,
especially to agree with the constraints from the pion-photon TFF in whole
measured region within a consistent way. For the purpose, we adopt the
conventional model for pion wavefunction/DA that has been constructed in our
previous paper \cite{hw1}, whose broadness is controlled by a parameter . We
fix the DA parameters by using the CELLO, CLEO, BABAR and Belle data within the
smaller region ( GeV), where all the data are consistent
with each other. And then the pion-photon TFF is extrapolated into larger
region. We observe that the BABAR favors which has the behavior close
to the Chernyak-Zhitnitsky DA, whereas the recent Belle favors which
is close to the asymptotic DA. We need more accurate data at large region
to determine the precise value of , and the definite behavior of pion DA can
be concluded finally by the consistent data in the coming future.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Slightly changed and references update
Dynamic elasticity by the theory of characteristics
Method of characteristics for analysis of elastic wave equations in Cartesian coordinate
Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows from Realistic Fireballs
A GRB afterglow has been commonly thought to be due to continuous
deceleration of a postburst fireball. Many analytical models have made
simplifications for deceleration dynamics of the fireball and its radiation
property, although they are successful at explaining the overall features of
the observed afterglows. We here propose a model for a GRB afterglow in which
the evolution of a postburst fireball is in an intermediate case between the
adiabatic and highly radiative expansion. In our model, the afterglow is both
due to the contribution of the adiabatic electrons behind the external
blastwave of the fireball and due to the contribution of the radiative
electrons. In addition, this model can describe evolution of the fireball from
the extremely relativistic phase to the non-relativistic phase. Our
calculations show that the fireball will go to the adiabatic expansion phase
after about a day if the accelerated electrons are assumed to occupy the total
internal energy. In all cases considered, the fireball will go to the mildly
relativistic phase about seconds later, and to the non-relativistic
phase after several days. These results imply that the relativistic adiabatic
model cannot describe the deceleration dynamics of the several-days-later
fireball. The comparison of the calculated light curves with the observed
results at late times may imply the presence of impulsive events or energy
injection with much longer durations.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, plain latex file, submitted to Ap
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