A COMIC SCENE WITH A STOIC MESSAGE: TERENCE'S EUNUCHUS IN PERSIUS SATIRE 5.161-175

Introduction The Greekparaclausithyron is the song sung by the lover at his mistress's door as a part of the revel or komos which followed a symposium and after he had been refused admission to her house. It is usually a song of disappointment and sorrow, based on a more or less stereotyped incident: the lover's passage through the streets on his way to the girl's house after the symposium, her refusal to admit him into the house, and his lament in which he may combine a plea that the girl will relent, a warning of the lonely days to come when she will be too old for love, and a picture of his own sufferings. In the end he may hang his garland on the door or scribble some scraps of verse on the door. Then he lies down in the doorway to remain there until morning

TIlE RHETORIC OF A STOIC POET (PERSIUS SATIRE 5)

The narrative style in Persius Satire 5 produces a poem which is not so much a sermon, as a sermo or conversation. Persius' technique of using a quick exchange between poet! speaker and adversary/interlocutor (whether real or imaginary) is derived from the kind of philosophical discourse referred to as diatribe, a moral lecture focussing on a general issue and aiming at the improvement of mankind as a whole.2 The employment of this dramatic structure aids the development of the argument and theme of the satire by giving the question and answer process of thought in a form which is more accessible to the imagination of the recipient/audience

PERSIUS ON GREEKS, JEWS AND BARBARIANS

The range of multicultural references in the satires of Persius falls into three groups. This paper will discuss a representative selection of the poet's most obvious and most significant references to Greeks, Jews and other population groups which I collectively call barbarians. The vast majority of these references in Persius' satires relate to Greeks, there is only one reference to Jews, and three references to barbarians will be discussed briefly

PERSIUS, SA TURN AND JUPITER

INTRODUCTION Persius' fifth satire can be divided into five distinct sections to which I shall refer as Units. A broad outline of the structure of the satire can be represented as follows: Unit 1:1-29 The poet's rejection of the traditional themes and style used by contemporary poets. Unit 2:30-51 When Persius had freedom of choice, he chose Cornutus as his example and learned from him the principles of Stoicism. Unit 3:52-72 Other professions and walks of life that Persius might imagine lead to disaster; he invites his audience to change their way of life and outlook now, and follow the doctrines of Cornutus. Unit 4:73-131 Cornutus teaches uirtus, and this uirtus will grant one, by way of ratio, true libertas. Unit 5:132-191 On the other hand, refusal to change one's attitude and way of life leads to seruitus because of one's uitia

VICIOUS DOGS A CASE STUDY FROM 2000 BC TO AD 2000

Damage caused by animals is one of the aspects of law dealt with by legal codes dating as far back as the Old Babylonian period (1894-1595 BC). As part of a discussion of the legal aspects involved under such circumstances and of how losses were compensated for, the purpose of this article is to give the reader a broad overview of the ancient legal codes and law collections, to indicate the legal philosophies and similarities inherent to these codes, and to indicate to what extent the modern South African legal system derived its application of the concept of pauperies (“damage caused by animals”) directly from Roman law

Layout planning for production of welding machines

Industrial Engineering knowledge can be applied to businesses that operate ineffectively in order to save time, money, space, energy and other resources. The knowledge gained during the study of Facility Planning Layout Design can be used to improve a company which is currently operating at a subpar level. By gathering the necessary information, investigating alternative techniques and conducting appropriate calculations, the layout of the company can be improved in a way that will allow for better utilisation of resources.Thesis (B Eng. (Industrial and Systems Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2012

Genetic differentiation in Oxalis (Oxalidaceae): A tale of rarity and abundance in the Cape Floristic Region

AbstractOxalis L. is the largest and most diverse genus in the family Oxalidaceae. Within southern Africa, Oxalis is represented by ca. 270 taxa, the majority occurring in the Cape Region. Although many of the species are widespread, ca. 25% are considered rare. The aim of this paper is to assess the degree of genetic differentiation between two rare and highly localized species (Oxalis hygrophila Dreyer and Oxalis oligophylla Salter) and the more widespread Oxalis tomentosa L.f. For comparative purposes, we also include Oxalis purpurea L., one of the most widely distributed species in South Africa. Chloroplast sequences of the trnH/psbA spacer revealed low genetic diversity for O. oligophylla and O. tomentosa compared to the widespread O. purpurea. High genetic diversity in O. purpurea might, in combination with other ecological and reproductive factors, account for the success of this species. In contrast, low variation might contribute to rarity in O. oligophylla and ultimately ground O. tomentosa to become rare. The latter two species were not monophyletic with a shared haplotype. Coalescent modelling revealed low levels of gene flow (<1 migrant per generation) between them and we argue that the genetic pattern is the result of the retention of ancestral polymorphism following a recent divergence

An Optimal Control Approach to Sensor / Actuator Placement for Optimal Control of High Performance Buildings

In this paper we consider the problem of best sensor location for optimal state estimation for real time energy efficient optimal control. Although the basic idea can be applied to the joint sensor / actuator location problem, we focus on the sensor placement because of its immediate application to retrofits where sensors can easily relocated while the location of control inputs (diffusers, vents, etc.) are less movable. It is important to note that this approach does not require “time accurate high fidelity simulations” and has been successful in other disciplines such as structural control, control of chemical processes and fluid flow control. We show how these techniques can be applied to high performance building design and control. We present the theoretical basis for the method, discuss the computational requirements and use simple models to illustrate the ideas and numerical methods for solution. We then apply the method results to a multi-zone hospital suite problem

The use of a geographical information system (GIS) to evaluate the distribution of tuberculosis in a high-incidence community

CITATION: Beyers, N. et al. 1996. The use of a geographical information system (GIS) to evaluate the distribution of tuberculosis in a high-incidence community. South African Medical Journal, 86(1):40-44.The original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.zaObjective. To determine the geographical distribution of tuberculosis in the two Western Cape suburbs with the highest reported incidence of tuberculosis. Design. Descriptive illustrative study. Setting. Two adjacent Western Cape suburbs covering 2.42 km2 with a population of 34 294 and a reported tuberculosis incidence of > 1 000/100 000. Subjects. All patients notified as having tuberculosis over a 10-year period (1985-1994). Interventions. None. Outcome measure. The geographical distribution of the cases was determined using a geographical information system (GIS) and the National Population Census (1991). Results. One thousand eight hundred and thirty-five of the 5 345 dwelling units (34.3%) housed at least 1 case of tuberculosis during the past decade and in 483 houses 3 or more cases occurred. These cases were distributed unevenly through the community, with the tuberculosis incidence per enumerator subdistrict (ESD) varying from 78 to 3 150/100 000 population. Conclusion. In a small area with a high incidence of tuberculosis, the cases are spread unevenly through the community and there are certain houses where tuberculosis occurs repeatedly. This information should be used to direct health services to concentrate on certain high-risk areas.Publisher’s versio

Fourteen pathways between urban transportation and health: A conceptual model and literature review

Introduction: Transportation is an integral part of our daily lives, giving us access to people, education, jobs, services, and goods. Our transportation choices and patterns are influenced by four interrelated factors: the land use and built environment, infrastructure, available modes, and emerging technologies/disruptors. These factors influence how we can or choose to move ourselves and goods. In turn, these factors impact various exposures, lifestyles and health outcomes. / Aim and methods: We developed a conceptual model to clarify the connections between transportation and health. We conducted a literature review focusing on publications from the past seven years. We complemented this with expert knowledge and synthesized information to summarize the health outcomes of transportation, along 14 identified pathways. / Results: The pathways linking transportation to health include those that are beneficial, such as when transportation serves as means for social connectivity, independence, physical activity, and access. Some pathways link transportation to detrimental health outcomes from air pollution, road travel injuries, noise, stress, urban heat islands, contamination, climate change, community severance, and restricted green space, blue space, and aesthetics. Other possible effects may come from electromagnetic fields, but this is not definitive. We define each pathway and summarize its health outcomes. We show that transportation-related exposures and associated health outcomes, and their severity, can be influenced by inequity and intrinsic and extrinsic effect modifiers. / Conclusions: While some pathways are widely discussed in the literature, others are new or under-researched. Our conceptual model can form the basis for future studies looking to explore the transportation-health nexus. We also propose the model as a tool to holistically assess the impact of transportation decisions on public health