Analysis of Protective Film Formed on Carbon Steel Immersed in Seawater by Diethylenetriamine Penta (methylene phosphonic acid) -Zn 2+ System

Abstract: The inhibition efficiency of diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMP) -Zn 2+ system in controlling corrosion of carbon steel in natural sea water has been evaluated by weight-loss and electrochemical method. The formulation consisting of 250 ppm of DTPMP and 50 ppm of Zn 2+ has 98% IE. Polarization study reveals that DTPMP-Zn 2+ formulation functions as a mixed inhibitor controlling the anodic reaction and cathodic reaction to the same extent. The protective film has been analyzed by FTIR and the surface morphology of the metal surface has been analyzed by an atomic force microscopy

The effect of Zn2+ ion in promoting inhibitive property of phenolphthalein

The inhibition efficiency of phenolphthalein in controlling corrosion of carbon steel immersed in well water has been evaluatedby mass loss method both in absence and presence of zinc ion. A synergistic effect exists between phenolphthalein (PN)and Zn2+. The inhibition efficiency (IE) of the PN – Zn2+ system decreases with increase in immersion period. Addition ofN-Cetyl-N, N, N-Trimethylammlonium bromide (CTAB) sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium sulphite (Na2SO3) doesnot change the excellent inhibition efficiency of the PN-Zn2+ system. Polarization study suggests that the Pn-Zn2+ systemfunctions as a mixed inhibitor system. AC impedance spectra reveal the presence of a protective film on the metal surface.FTIR spectra indicate that the protective film consists of Fe2+-PN complex and Zn(OH)2

Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Carbon Steel in Sea Water by L-Arginine-Zn2+ System

The inhibition efficiency of L-Arginine-Zn2+ system in controlling corrosion of carbon steel in sea water has been evaluated by the weight-loss method. The formulation consisting of 250 ppm of L-Arginine and 25 ppm of Zn2+ has 91% IE. A synergistic effect exists between L-Arginine and Zn2+. Polarization study reveals that the L-Arginine-Zn2+ system functions as an anodic inhibitor and the formulation controls the anodic reaction predominantly. AC impedance spectra reveal that protective film is formed on the metal surface. Cyclic voltammetry study reveals that the protective film is more compact and stable even in a 3.5% NaCl environment. The nature of the protective film on a metal surface has been analyzed by FTIR, SEM, and AFM analysis

Methyl orange as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in well water

462-466The corrosion inhibition efficiency of methyl orange in controlling corrosion of carbon steel immersed in well water has been evaluated by weight loss method both in absence and presence of zinc ion. A synergistic effect exists between methyl orange (MO) and Zn²⁺. The inhibition efficiency (IE) of the MO – Zn²⁺ system decreases with increase in immersion period. Polarization study suggests that the MO-Zn²⁺ system functions as a mixed inhibitor system. FTIR spectra indicate that the protective film consists of Fe²⁺ - MO complex and Zn(OH)₂

Spectroscopic Methods Used for Analyzing Protective Film Formed by L-Histidine on Carbon Steel

The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel (CS) using the “green” inhibitor, L-Histidine (L-His) was investigated. This studywas conducted at pH 7.8. The effect caused by Zn2+ additive also was investigated. The study was done over a range of concentrations. Gravimetric method and electrochemical methods were applied. It was found that the L-Histidine acts as a good inhibitor at pH 7.8. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing L-His concentration. The addition of Zn2+ to L-Histidine significantly increased the inhibition efficiency. Tafel results indicated that decrease the corrosion current (Icorr) value. The influence of biocide SDS on the inhibition efficiency of L-Histidine – Zn2+ system has been investigated. Also it is evident that at minimum concentration of biocides added to the inhibitor system, 100 % biocidal efficiency is noticed. The protective film formed on the metal surface has been analyzed by FT-IR, SEM and EDAX spectra. It is found that the protective film consists of Fe2+ - L-Histidine complex and Zn(OH)2

Cu-chitosan nanoparticle boost defense responses and plant growth in maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract In agriculture, search for biopolymer derived materials are in high demand to replace the synthetic agrochemicals. In the present investigation, the efficacy of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) to boost defense responses against Curvularia leaf spot (CLS) disease of maize and plant growth promotry activity were evaluated. Cu-chitosan NPs treated plants showed significant defense response through higher activities of antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) and defense enzymes (polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase). Significant control of CLS disease of maize was recorded at 0.04 to 0.16% of Cu-chitosan NPs treatments in pot and 0.12 to 0.16% of NPs treatments in field condition. Further, NPs treatments exhibited growth promotry effect in terms of plant height, stem diameter, root length, root number and chlorophyll content in pot experiments. In field experiment, plant height, ear length, ear weight/plot, grain yield/plot and 100 grain weight were enhanced in NPs treatments. Disease control and enhancement of plant growth was further enlightened through Cu release profile of Cu-chitosan NPs. This is an important development in agriculture nanomaterial research where biodegradable Cu-chitosan NPs are better compatible with biological control as NPs “mimic” the natural elicitation of the plant defense and antioxidant system for disease protection and sustainable growth