Foreshock–mainshock–aftershock sequence analysis of the 14 January 2021 (Mw 6.2) Mamuju–Majene (West Sulawesi, Indonesia) earthquake

AbstractWe present here an analysis of the destructive Mw 6.2 earthquake sequence that took place on 14 January 2021 in Mamuju–Majene, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Our relocated foreshocks, mainshock, and aftershocks and their focal mechanisms show that they occurred on two different fault planes, in which the foreshock perturbed the stress state of a nearby fault segment, causing the fault plane to subsequently rupture. The mainshock had relatively few aftershocks, an observation that is likely related to the kinematics of the fault rupture, which is relatively small in size and of short duration, thus indicating a high stress-drop earthquake rupture. The Coulomb stress change shows that areas to the northwest and southeast of the mainshock have increased stress, consistent with the observation that most aftershocks are in the northwest.</jats:p

Activity Coefficients at Infinite Dilution for Organic Compounds Dissolved in 1-Alkyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Ionic Liquids Having Six-, Eight-, and Ten-Carbon Alkyl Chains

International audienceActivity coefficients at infinite dilution (gamma(proportional to)(1,2)) for 40 diverse probe solutes, including various (cyclo)alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, thiophene, ethers, nitroalkanes, and ketones, were measured by inverse gas chromatography at temperatures from 323 to 343 K in three homologous 1-alkyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids (ILs), bearing hexyl, octyl, and decyl side chains. The retention data were further converted to gas-to-IL and water-to-IL partition coefficients using the corresponding gas-to-water partition coefficients. Both sets of partition coefficients were analyzed using the modified Abraham solvation parameter model, with the derived equations tightly correlating the experimental gas-to-IL and water-to-IL partition coefficient data to within average standard deviations of 0.088 and 0.111 log units, respectively

Effect of Nitrile-Functionalization of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids on Their Transport Properties, Both Pure and Mixed with Lithium Salts.

CAPLUS AN 2014:2146289(Journal; Online Computer File)International audienceThe influence of the presence of a nitrile group in the cation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids on their transport properties was investigated. As these liquids can be used as electrolytes in lithium ion batteries, their mixtures with lithium salts were also considered. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide, [C1C4Im][NTf2], 1-butylnitril-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide, [C1C3CNIm][NTf2], and their mixtures with bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide lithium, Li[NTf2], were studied. Their mass transport properties (viscosity, ionic conductivity, self-diffusion) were experimentally determined. NMR spectroscopy was also used to explore molecular organization and interactions in these systems. The addition of a cyano group increases the viscosity and the ionicity of the liquid. The effect of lithium ion is more pronounced on [C1C3CNIm][NTf2], with interactions between Li+ and the nitrile group