Laboratory Elements For Accurate Detection Of Iron Deficiency In Resource-Limited Settings Of Africa

No Abstrac

High-resolution expression profiling of selected gene sets during plant immune activation

The plant immune system involves detection of pathogens via both cell-surface and intracellular receptors. Both receptor classes can induce transcriptional reprogramming that elevates disease resistance. To assess differential gene expression during plant immunity, we developed and deployed quantitative sequence capture (CAP-I). We designed and synthesized biotinylated single-strand RNA bait libraries targeted to a subset of defense genes, and generated sequence capture data from 99 RNA-seq libraries. We built a data processing pipeline to quantify the RNA-CAP-I-seq data, and visualize differential gene expression. Sequence capture in combination with quantitative RNA-seq enabled cost-effective assessment of the expression profile of a specified subset of genes. Quantitative sequence capture is not limited to RNA-seq or any specific organism and can potentially be incorporated into automated platforms for high-throughput sequencing

Mutual potentiation of plant immunity by cell-surface and intracellular receptors

The plant immune system involves cell-surface receptors that detect intercellular pathogen-derived molecules, and intracellular receptors that activate immunity upon detection of pathogen-secreted effector proteins that act inside the plant cell. Immunity mediated by surface receptors has been extensively studied1, but that mediated by intracellular receptors has rarely been investigated in the absence of surface-receptor-mediated immunity. Furthermore, interactions between these two immune pathways are poorly understood. Here, by activating intracellular receptors without inducing surface-receptor-mediated immunity, we analyse interactions between these two distinct immune systems in Arabidopsis. Pathogen recognition by surface receptors activates multiple protein kinases and NADPH oxidases, and we find that intracellular receptors primarily potentiate the activation of these proteins by increasing their abundance through several mechanisms. Likewise, the hypersensitive response that depends on intracellular receptors is strongly enhanced by the activation of surface receptors. Activation of either immune system alone is insufficient to provide effective resistance against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Thus, immune pathways activated by cell-surface and intracellular receptors in plants mutually potentiate to activate strong defences against pathogens. These findings reshape our understanding of plant immunity and have broad implications for crop improvement

Morbi-mortalite au cours du premier trimestre de la grossesse a libreville ,gabon.

Le but de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence des complications de la grossesse au premier trimestre, identifier leurs facteurs de risque et évaluer le pronostic immédiat. L\'étude prospective, descriptive et multicentrique, conduite sur un an, du 1er Janvier 2005 au 31 Décembre 2005 dans les trois principales structures hospitalières de Libreville. Elle a concerné toutes les patientes enceintes de moins de 15 semaines d\'aménorrhée (SA) ayant présenté une complication gynécologique au cours de la période d\'étude. Les paramètres suivants ont été étudiés : les caractéristiques socio-démographiques, les étiologies, les aspects cliniques et le pronostic immédiat. La saisie et l\'analyse des données ont été faites à l\'aide du logiciel Epi info 6 en utilisant le test du khi 2 pour comparer les variables. La prévalence des complications du premier trimestre était de 6,6%. Les complications les plus fréquentes ont été l\'avortement clandestin (41,3%) et la grossesse extra-utérine (34,7%). Elles ont été observées dans toutes les tranches d\'âge mais celles comprises entre 17 et 28 ans ont été les plus exposées avec un pourcentage de 64,3% (

Le cobaye Cavia porcellus L., comme animal de boucherie au Cameroun

Guinea Pig Cavia porcellus L. As A Meat Producing Animal In Cameroon. Guinea pig Cavia porcellus farming for meat production remains a marginalised activity in Cameroon in spite of the advantages this specie offers. With the view to promote its production, a national countrywide survey was carried out in order to evaluate the production systems and constraints. Traditional guinea pig farming appears to be a secondary household activity undertaken by small farmers basically women. The extensive production system which reveals no management practices, integrates very well in the agricultural systems (small livestock, food crops and natural forages production) of the western highlands and southern forest zones of Cameroon. Guinea pig productivity remains low due to many constraints such as predation, uncontrolled breeding, inbreeding, poor feeding, negative selection and lack of veterinary care. Nevertheless, guinea pig farming plays an important role in the well being of low income village dwellers as food security, cash savings and socio-cultural values within the populations of South Cameroon. The promotion of its production requires an awareness of animal scientists, development authorities, as well as on station research if improved raising conditions

Consommation de quelques graminées tropicales par le cobaye [Cavia porcellus) : performances et détermination des surfaces nécessaires à l'entretien d'un cheptel

Consumption of some Tropical Grass Forages by Guinea-Pigs (Cavia porcellus) ; Performances and Determination of Required Areas to Maintain a Flock. In order to develop the mini-livestock sector in the agricultural production systems, investigations have been carried out on five tropical grass forages in the Cameroon forest humid zone in order to show the impact of organic manure on the total biomass production for guinea-pigs feeding. Adequate forages area required to maintain a family size guinea-pigs flock was determined. These various forage species compared in terms of growth showed positive response to guinea pigs manure. Panicum maximum with a 8 weeks regrowth which yielded 5146.7 kg DM/ha (on increase of 1500.8 kg) seemed to be the best forage in terms of production. Positive response of these grasses to organic manure from guinea-pigs farming may direct the farmer not to use the manure not only for food and cash cropping, but also to sustain forage production. For a 8 weeks cutting frequency the adequate forage area to maintain a family flock size of 20 animals ranges from 90.8 m2 x2 for Brachiaria ruziziensis to 152.9 m2 x 2 for Trypsacum laxum

HPV seroprevalence and seroconversion among women living with HIV-1 : cohort study in South Africa.

International audienc

HPV seroprevalence and seroconversion among women living with HIV-1 : cohort study in South Africa.

International audienc

HPV seroprevalence and seroconversion among women living with HIV-1 : cohort study in South Africa.

International audienc