1,868 research outputs found
A 1 GHz RF Trigger Unit implemented in FPGA logic
Applications of Trigger Units (TU) can be found in almost all accelerators at
CERN. The requirements in terms of operating frequencies, configuration or
modes of operation change from one application to another, how-ever, in terms
of design requirements for the Trigger Unit, the operating frequency is
probably the most demanding one. In this work, we present an implementation of
a Trigger Unit almost fully embedded in the FPGA logic operating at a maximum
frequency of 1 GHz using the internal serializer/deserializer circuitry to
simplify the timing constraints of the design. This implementation allows easy
reconfiguration of the module and the development of new modes of operation,
which are described in this paper.Comment: Poster presented at LLRF Workshop 2017 (LLRF2017, arXiv:1803.07677
Generating benefits through sustainable use and conservation of farm-animal genetic resources in the SADC region
Broadband Terahertz Source Based on Photomixing in Laser-Assisted Field Emission with Clusters of Carbon Nanotubes
Determination of the modes in two types of closed circuits with quantum tunneling
Others have solved the Schr\"odinger equation for a one-dimensional model
having a square potential barrier in free-space by requiring an incident and a
reflected wave in the semi-infinite pre-barrier region, two opposing waves in
the square barrier, and a transmitted wave in the semi-infinite post-barrier
region. Now we model a pre-barrier region having finite length that is shunted
by the barrier to form a closed circuit. We use the boundary condition that the
wavefunction and its derivative are continuous at the both ends of this model
to obtain a homogeneous matrix equation. Thus, the determinant must be zero for
a non-trivial solution. All but one of the following four parameters are
specified and the remaining one is varied to bring the determinant to zero for
a solution: (1) the electron energy, (2) the barrier length, (3) the barrier
height, and (4) the pre-barrier length. The solutions with a square barrier are
sets of non-intersecting S-shaped lines in the four-parameter space. The
solutions with a triangular barrier have the product of the propagation
constant and the length of the pre-barrier region as integer multiples of
two-pi radians. Only static solutions are considered, but this method could be
applied to time-dependent cases under quasistatic conditions. Suggestions are
given for the design and testing of prototypes.Comment: 11 pages, 2 tables, no figure
Can one predict DNA Transcription Start Sites by studying bubbles?
It has been speculated that bubble formation of several base-pairs due to
thermal fluctuations is indicatory for biological active sites. Recent
evidence, based on experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using
the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model, seems to point in this direction. However,
sufficiently large bubbles appear only seldom which makes an accurate
calculation difficult even for minimal models. In this letter, we introduce a
new method that is orders of magnitude faster than MD. Using this method we
show that the present evidence is unsubstantiated.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in physical review
letter
Error and Attack Tolerance of Layered Complex Networks
Many complex systems may be described not by one, but by a number of complex
networks mapped one on the other in a multilayer structure. The interactions
and dependencies between these layers cause that what is true for a distinct
single layer does not necessarily reflect well the state of the entire system.
In this paper we study the robustness of three real-life examples of two-layer
complex systems that come from the fields of communication (the Internet),
transportation (the European railway system) and biology (the human brain). In
order to cover the whole range of features specific to these systems, we focus
on two extreme policies of system's response to failures, no rerouting and full
rerouting. Our main finding is that multilayer systems are much more vulnerable
to errors and intentional attacks than they seem to be from a single layer
perspective.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Apparatus for measuring high frequency currents
An apparatus for measuring high frequency currents includes a non-ferrous core current probe that is coupled to a wide-band transimpedance amplifier. The current probe has a secondary winding with a winding resistance that is substantially smaller than the reactance of the winding. The sensitivity of the current probe is substantially flat over a wide band of frequencies. The apparatus is particularly useful for measuring exposure of humans to radio frequency currents
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