Accessing continuous-variable entanglement witnesses with multimode spin observables

We present several measurement schemes for accessing separability criteria for continuous-variable bipartite quantum systems. Starting from moments of the bosonic mode operators, criteria suitable to witness entanglement are expressed in terms of multimode spin observables via the Jordan Schwinger map. These observables are typically defined over a few replicas of the state of interest and can be transformed into simple photon-number measurements by passive optical circuits. Our measurement schemes require only a handful of measurements, thereby allowing one to efficiently detect entanglement without the need for costly state tomography as illustrated for a variety of physically relevant states (Gaussian, mixed Schr\"odinger cat, and NOON states). The influence of typical experimental imperfections is shown to be moderate.Comment: Minor corrections in v2 to match the published version of the paper, 17 pages, 7 figure

Orthopaedic Disorders in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1: descriptive clinical study of 21 patients

Background Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 (DM1) is the most common form of hereditary myopathy presenting in adults. This autosomal-dominant systemic disorder is caused by a CTG repeat, demonstrating various symptoms. A mild, classic and congenital form can be distinguished. Often the quality of life is reduced by orthopaedic problems, such as muscle weakness, contractures, foot or spinal deformities, which limit patients’ mobility. The aim of our study was to gather information about the orthopaedic impairments in patients with DM1 in order to improve the medical care of patients, affected by this rare disease. Methods A retrospective clinical study was carried out including 21 patients (11 male and 10 female), all diagnosed with DM1 by genetic testing. All patients were seen during our special consultations for neuromuscular diseases, during which patients were interviewed and examined. We also reviewed surgery reports of our hospitalized patients. Results We observed several orthopaedic impairments: spinal deformities (scoliosis, hyperkyphosis, rigid spine), contractures (of the upper extremities and the lower extremities), foot deformities (equinus deformity, club foot, pes cavus, pes planovalgus, pes cavovarus, claw toes) and fractures. Five patients were affected by pulmonary diseases (obstructive airway diseases, restrictive lung dysfunctions). Twelve patients were affected by cardiac disorders (congenital heart defects, valvular heart defects, conduction disturbances, pulmonary hypertension, cardiomyopathy). Our patients received conservative therapy (physiotherapy, logopaedic therapy, ergotherapy) and we prescribed orthopaedic technical devices (orthopaedic custom-made shoes, insoles, lower and upper leg orthoses, wheelchair, Rehab Buggy). We performed surgery for spinal and foot deformities: the scoliosis of one patient was stabilized and seven patients underwent surgery for correction of foot deformities. Conclusions An orthopaedic involvement in DM1 patients should not be underestimated. The most common orthopaedic impairments are contractures, foot deformities and spinal deformities. Contractures are typically located distally in the lower extremities, but can also occur in the hip or shoulder joints. Foot deformities could be treated with orthopaedic custom-made shoes, orthoses or insoles. Surgery is indicated for severe foot deformities or contractures

Amputation and prosthesis fitting in paediatric patients

International audienceAmputation of a limb is always perceived as a catastrophe. The principles underlying creation of a stump adapted to modern prosthetic fittings must be fully understood and the patient managed by a multidisciplinary team. In paediatric patients, preserving residual limb length is a crucial point that should be assessed according to the expected growth potential. Advances in prosthetic fittings have led to changes in the overall concept of socket design, which seeks to achieve three objectives: to maximise the weight-bearing surface area, to eliminate friction of the skin on the socket, and to eliminate lever-arm effects. The introduction on the market of new materials has contributed substantially to advances in prosthetic fittings. These advances require the use of new criteria for stump quality and optimisation, which exert a considerable influence on prosthesis function. Prosthetic fitting and specific management of psychological and social problems are provided during an inpatient stay in a physical medicine department, by a team of physicians, other healthcare professionals, social workers, and educators. Three-dimensional imaging and gait analysis provide valuable information

Does adolescents like modern sports experiences? A trivial question for a major public health stake

International audienceBackgroundImproving adolescents’ levels of sport and physical activity ‘PA’ is an official public health issue. However, national and European studies showed decline in overall levels of PA of European adolescents. In France, a school-based study showed a decrease in sport participation among adolescents of Marseille and area. Despite of this decline, we do not know whether they have a positive appreciation of modern sports experiences promoted in clubs. In this study, we aimed to measure French adolescents’ athletes retrospective reports of pleasure in these experiences.MethodsA previous data collection among a representative sample of adolescents’ students was used (n = 1132). Adolescents were separated into 4 subgroups based on sex (Boys/Girls) and socioeconomic status ‘SES’ (Low/High). The Sport Experiences Questionnaire was used to measure retrospective reports of pleasure in competition, progress and risk-taking experiences. Multivariate linear regressions were performed to show differences between sex, SES and setting of participation (competition/no-competition). Densities diagrams were also presented.ResultsAmong girls and boys, the setting of participation was significantly positively linked to reported pleasure. This effect was greater for competition experiences, respectively 1.45-fold and 1.53-fold increase for competition than no-competition players, for boys and girls. Among girls, high-SES girls presented a lower appreciation of competition experiences than their counterparts with low-SES. This relationship was observed in non-competitive (B=-0.62, p-value=0.016) and competitive (B=-0.70, p-value=0.025) settings. Finally, progress experiences were appreciated by all.ConclusionsThese results may help to step back traditional instituted sports offer. They would help to develop sports initiatives adapted to adolescents’ tastes. Finally, progress experiences may be gold experiences in sport and should be promoted in all context of participation.Key messages Modern sport experiences are not appreciated by all subgroups of adolescents. Endeavors to improve sport participation of adolescents should adapt contents to adolescents’ tastes. Pleasure in competition and risk-taking are linked to setting of participation and adolescents’ SES. The progress experiences may be the gold standard of sports experiences

Understanding injuries in sports: Self-reported injury and perceived risk of injury among adolescents

International audienc

Temporal trends in adolescent sport participation in the south-east of France from 2001 to 2019

Abstract Background Adolescents playing sport are more likely to reach the recommended levels of physical activity. In 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2019, four successive French national plans were launched to “develop physical and sports activity and limit sedentary living”. Monitoring sport participation rates (SPR) is one of the essential components to evaluate these plans. To date, information on temporal trends in SPR has mainly come from the national population. However, due to sample size, it was impossible to measure trends among adolescents on the territory level. Given the various economic and geographical disparities between territories, it is likely that territory specific trends exist. The main objective of this study was to measure temporal trends in adolescent SPR in the third biggest French department (South-East of France). Methods Four retrospective studies were conducted in high-schools between March and April 2001, 2008, 2015 and 2019 (n = 4367). A quota sampling design was used to obtain geographically and socially representative samples. They were invited to report their sex, their socioeconomic status (SES) and their sport participation. A sports player was defined as an adolescent playing sport for at least one hour a week. SPR were calculated by sex and SES with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results A decline in SPR, from 79.0% (95% CI = 76.4-81.7) to 64.5% (95% CI = 61.7-67.3), accompanied with a growth of social inequalities, were observed. SPR of low-SES adolescents declined from 67.7% (95% CI = 61.1-74.3) to 42.6% (95% CI = 36.7-48.4). SPR also declined from 72.5% (95% CI = 66.2-78.8) to 69.9% (95% CI = 64.5-75.3) for high-SES girls, from 87.2% (95% CI = 82.5-92.0) to 65.2% (95% CI = 59.6-70.9) for low-SES boys and from 91.0% (95% CI = 87.0-95.0) to 83.0% (95% CI = 78.5-87.4) for high-SES boys. Conclusions Temporal trends in adolescent SPR in this territory are in decline since 2001. Governmental plans to improve SPR seems to have had a limited success in this territory. Key message

Nouvel arbre décisionnel pour les traumatismes du rachis thoraco-lombaire de l’enfant

International audienc

Des lésions rachidiennes étagées chez l’enfant

International audienc

Post-traumatic cyst-like lesion of the radius: A rare but benign lesion

International audienc

Lumbopelvic stabilization with external fixator in a patient with lumbosacral agenesis

A case of caudal regression syndrome in which rehabilitation was obtained by lumbopelvic distraction and stabilization with external fixation Orthofix® is presented. The objective of the study is to describe the benefit of spine external fixator in caudal regression syndrome. Caudal regression syndrome is a rare and sporadic neural defect of distal spinal segments affecting the development of the spinal cord. It is characterized by vertebropelvic instability and essentially manifests as neurological deficit in the lower limbs and absence of bladder and bowel control. Pluridisciplinary management of this affection is complex. The clinical presentation and treatment of caudal regression syndromes are reviewed. A case of a boy for whom physical rehabilitation was obtained with external fixation Orthofix® is presented. Lumbopelvic stabilization was performed with autograft and allograft bone. A spine distraction was performed with external fixation with pedicular screws in L1 and L2 and in the pelvis bone. An elongation of 19 mm was obtained in 35 days. The external fixator was removed after 4 months and a spine cast was applied during 8 months. This treatment resulted in lumbopelvic nonunion of very low mobility. Lumbopelvic stability and the disappearance of pain were achieved. Sitting position was stable without hand support. At 14 years of follow-up, his condition is stable with possible deambulation at home with crutches. Lumbopelvic arthrodesis in caudal regression syndrome is difficult to obtain. The use of spine external fixator, however, allows trunk elongation and can achieve a stable sitting and upright position