Wide band frequency tracker performance and design of an all angle laser Doppler optical homodyne receiver, ground wind and wind tunnel measurements program, volume 2 Final report

Analysis and measurement of characteristics of wide band frequency trackers and design and fabrication of all angle laser Doppler velocimete

Effect of electrolyzed high-pH alkaline water on blood viscosity in healthy adults.

BACKGROUND: Previous research has shown fluid replacement beverages ingested after exercise can affect hydration biomarkers. No specific hydration marker is universally accepted as an ideal rehydration parameter following strenuous exercise. Currently, changes in body mass are used as a parameter during post-exercise hydration. Additional parameters are needed to fully appreciate and better understand rehydration following strenuous exercise. This randomized, double-blind, parallel-arm trial assessed the effect of high-pH water on four biomarkers after exercise-induced dehydration. METHODS: One hundred healthy adults (50 M/50 F, 31 ± 6 years of age) were enrolled at a single clinical research center in Camden, NJ and completed this study with no adverse events. All individuals exercised in a warm environment (30 °C, 70% relative humidity) until their weight was reduced by a normally accepted level of 2.0 ± 0.2% due to perspiration, reflecting the effects of exercise in producing mild dehydration. Participants were randomized to rehydrate with an electrolyzed, high-pH (alkaline) water or standard water of equal volume (2% body weight) and assessed for an additional 2-h recovery period following exercise in order to assess any potential variations in measured parameters. The following biomarkers were assessed at baseline and during their recovery period: blood viscosity at high and low shear rates, plasma osmolality, bioimpedance, and body mass, as well as monitoring vital signs. Furthermore, a mixed model analysis was performed for additional validation. RESULTS: After exercise-induced dehydration, consumption of the electrolyzed, high-pH water reduced high-shear viscosity by an average of 6.30% compared to 3.36% with standard purified water (p = 0.03). Other measured biomarkers (plasma osmolality, bioimpedance, and body mass change) revealed no significant difference between the two types of water for rehydration. However, a mixed model analysis validated the effect of high-pH water on high-shear viscosity when compared to standard purified water (p = 0.0213) after controlling for covariates such as age and baseline values. CONCLUSIONS: A significant difference in whole blood viscosity was detected in this study when assessing a high-pH, electrolyte water versus an acceptable standard purified water during the recovery phase following strenuous exercise-induced dehydration

Lateral imaging of the superconducting vortex lattice using Doppler-modulated scanning tunneling microscopy

By spatially mapping the Doppler effect of an in-plane magnetic field on the quasiparticle tunneling spectrum, we have laterally imaged the vortex lattice in superconducting 2H-NbSe2. Cryomagnetic scanning tunneling spectroscopy was performed at 300 mK on the ab-surface oriented parallel to the field H. Conductance images at zero bias show stripe patterns running along H, with the stripe separation varying as H^-0.5. Regions of higher zero-bias conductance show lower gap-edge conductance, consistent with spectral redistribution by spatially-modulated superfluid momentum. Our results are interpreted in terms of the interaction between vortical and screening currents, and demonstrate a general method for probing subsurface vortices.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Applied Physics Letter

Second order sliding mode and adaptive observer for synchronization of a chaotic system: a comparative study

International audienceIn this paper two nonlinear observers for a chaotic system are compared. Moreover, the left invertible problem and the observability singularity are discussed. Thus, after a presentation of both observers, a comparison of the two proposed methods and a discussion are done on the basis of simulations results. The last part highlights the fact that the finite time observer is more sensible to the singularity observations, but less sensible to parameter uncertainties and noise in the output of the system

Restoring the full velocity field in the gaseous disk ofthe spiral galaxy NGC 157

We analyse the line-of-sight velocity field of ionized gas in the spiral galaxy NGC 157 which has been obtained in the H\alpha emission at the 6m telescope of SAO RAS. The existence of systematic deviations of the observed gas velocities from pure circular motion is shown. A detailed investigation of these deviations is undertaken by applying a Fourier analysis of the azimuthal distributions of the line-of-sight velocities at different distances from the galactic center. As a result of the analysis, all the main parameters of the wave spiral pattern are determined: the corotation radius, the amplitudes and phases of the gas velocity perturbations at different radii, and the velocity of circular rotation of the disk corrected for the velocity perturbations due to spiral arms. At a high confidence level, the presence of the two giant anticyclones in the reference frame rotating with the spiral pattern is shown; their sizes and the localization of their centers are consistent with the results of the analytic theory and of numerical simulations. Besides the anticyclones, the existence of cyclones in residual velocity fields of spiral galaxies is predicted. In the reference frame rotating with the spiral pattern these cyclones have to reveal themselves in galaxies where a radial gradient of azimuthal residual velocity is steeper than that of the rotation velocity (abridged).Comment: 23 pages including 25 eps-figures. Accepted for publication in A&

Autistic spectrum disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytical review

BACKGROUND: Research identifies highly variable prevalence estimates for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly between community and clinical samples, warranting quantitative meta-analyses to investigate the true prevalence of ASD in children and adolescents with ADHD. // METHODS: Studies were identified through a systematic literature search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Web of Science through January 2018. Twenty-two publications met inclusion criteria (total N = 61 985). Two random effects meta-analyses were conducted: (1) to identify the proportion of children and adolescents with ADHD that met criteria for ASD; and (2) to compare the severity of dimensionally-measured ASD symptomology in children and adolescents with and without ADHD. // RESULTS: The overall pooled effect for children and adolescents with ADHD who met threshold for ASD was 21%. There was no significant difference between community samples (19%) and clinical samples (24%) or between US studies v. those from other countries. Children and adolescents with ADHD had substantially more dimensionally-measured ASD traits compared with those who did not have ADHD (d = 1.23). // CONCLUSION: The findings provide further evidence that ADHD and ASD are associated in nature. Clinical and research implications are discussed

From mice to humans: Developments in cancer immunoediting

Cancer immunoediting explains the dual role by which the immune system can both suppress and/or promote tumor growth. Although cancer immunoediting was first demonstrated using mouse models of cancer, strong evidence that it occurs in human cancers is now accumulating. In particular, the importance of CD8+ T cells in cancer immunoediting has been shown, and more broadly in those tumors with an adaptive immune resistance phenotype. This Review describes the characteristics of the adaptive immune resistance tumor microenvironment and discusses data obtained in mouse and human settings. The role of other immune cells and factors influencing the effector function of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells is covered. We also discuss the temporal occurrence of cancer immunoediting in metastases and whether it differs from immunoediting in the primary tumor of origin

Dynamic stabilization of non-spherical bodies against unlimited collapse

We solve equations, describing in a simplified way the newtonian dynamics of a selfgravitating nonrotating spheroidal body after loss of stability. We find that contraction to a singularity happens only in a pure spherical collapse, and deviations from the spherical symmetry stop the contraction by the stabilising action of nonlinear nonspherical oscillations. A real collapse happens after damping of the oscillations due to energy losses, shock wave formation or viscosity. Detailed analysis of the nonlinear oscillations is performed using a Poincar\'{e} map construction. Regions of regular and chaotic oscillations are localized on this map.Comment: MNRAS, accepted, 7 pages, 9 figure