1,811 research outputs found
Activity Theory Analysis of Heart Failure Self-Care
The management of chronic health conditions such as heart failure is a complex process emerging from the activity of a network of individuals and artifacts. This article presents an Activity Theory-based secondary analysis of data from a geriatric heart failure management study. Twenty-one patients' interviews and clinic visit observations were analyzed to uncover eight configurations of roles and activities involving patients, clinicians, and others in the sociotechnical network. For each configuration or activity pattern, we identify points of tension and propose guidelines for developing interventions for future computer-supported healthcare systems
Nuclear effects in photoproduction of heavy quarks and vector mesons in ultraperipheral PbPb and pPb collisions at the LHC
The comparison of photoproduction cross sections for and b-b(bar)
in PbPb and pPb collisions can give sensitivity to nuclear shadowing effects.
The photoproduction of vector mesons is even more sensitive to the underlying
gluon distributions. In this study we present the cross sections and rapidity
dependence of the photoproduction of heavy quarks and exclusive production of
vector mesons in ultraperipheral pPb and PbPb collisions at the Large Hadron
Collider at sqrt(s_NN)=5 TeV and sqrt(s_NN)=2.76J/\psi\Upsilon$ in
PbPb collisions in particular exhibit very good sensitivity to gluon shadowing.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Constraining Gluon Shadowing Using Photoproduction in Ultraperipheral pA and AA Collisions
Photoproduction of heavy quarks and exclusive production of vector mesons in
ultraperipheral proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions depend
significantly on nuclear gluon distributions. In the present study we
investigate quantitatively the extent of the applicability of these processes
at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in constraining the shadowing component of
nuclear gluon modifications.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1104.428
Contact terms in charged current processes at HERA
We obtain bounds on the mass scales characterizing four-fermion contact interactions in charged current processes. The bounds arise from the Q^2 and x distributions in the processes e p -> \nu X measured by the two HERA experiments, H1 and ZEUS
Photoproduction with a mini-jet model and Cosmic Ray showers
We present post-LHC updates of estimates of the total photo-production cross
section in a mini-jet model with infrared soft gluon resummation, and apply the
model to study Cosmic Ray shower development, comparing the results with those
obtained from other existing models.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, presented at Photon 2017, 22-26 May 2017 CER
Controlled Flavour Changing Neutral Couplings in Two Higgs Doublet Models
We propose a class of Two Higgs Doublet Models where there are Flavour
Changing Neutral Currents (FCNC) at tree level, but under control due to the
introduction of a discrete symmetry in the full Lagrangian. It is shown that in
this class of models, one can have simultaneously FCNC in the up and down
sectors, in contrast to the situation encountered in BGL models. The intensity
of FCNC is analysed and it is shown that in this class of models one can
respect all the strong constraints from experiment without unnatural
fine-tuning. It is pointed out that the additional sources of flavour and CP
violation are such that they can enhance significantly the generation of the
Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe, with respect to the Standard Model.Comment: 29 pages, 3 figure
Systematic review of smartphone-based passive sensing for health and wellbeing
OBJECTIVE:
To review published empirical literature on the use of smartphone-based passive sensing for health and wellbeing.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
A systematic review of the English language literature was performed following PRISMA guidelines. Papers indexed in computing, technology, and medical databases were included if they were empirical, focused on health and/or wellbeing, involved the collection of data via smartphones, and described the utilized technology as passive or requiring minimal user interaction.
RESULTS:
Thirty-five papers were included in the review. Studies were performed around the world, with samples of up to 171 (median n = 15) representing individuals with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression, older adults, and the general population. The majority of studies used the Android operating system and an array of smartphone sensors, most frequently capturing accelerometry, location, audio, and usage data. Captured data were usually sent to a remote server for processing but were shared with participants in only 40% of studies. Reported benefits of passive sensing included accurately detecting changes in status, behavior change through feedback, and increased accountability in participants. Studies reported facing technical, methodological, and privacy challenges.
DISCUSSION:
Studies in the nascent area of smartphone-based passive sensing for health and wellbeing demonstrate promise and invite continued research and investment. Existing studies suffer from weaknesses in research design, lack of feedback and clinical integration, and inadequate attention to privacy issues. Key recommendations relate to developing passive sensing strategies matching the problem at hand, using personalized interventions, and addressing methodological and privacy challenges.
CONCLUSION:
As evolving passive sensing technology presents new possibilities for health and wellbeing, additional research must address methodological, clinical integration, and privacy issues. Doing so depends on interdisciplinary collaboration between informatics and clinical experts
Assessing the potential of remotely-sensed drone spectroscopy to determine live coral cover on Heron Reef
Coral reefs, as biologically diverse ecosystems, hold significant ecological and economic value. With increased threats imposed on them, it is increasingly important to monitor reef health by developing accessible methods to quantify coral cover. Discriminating between substrate types has previously been achieved with in situ spectroscopy but has not been tested using drones. In this study, we test the ability of using point-based drone spectroscopy to determine substrate cover through spectral unmixing on a portion of Heron Reef, Australia. A spectral mixture analysis was conducted to separate the components contributing to spectral signatures obtained across the reef. The pure spectra used to unmix measured data include live coral, algae, sand, and rock, obtained from a public spectral library. These were able to account for over 82% of the spectral mixing captured in each spectroscopy measurement, highlighting the benefits of using a public database. The unmixing results were then compared to a categorical classification on an overlapping mosaicked drone image but yielded inconclusive results due to challenges in co-registration. This study uniquely showcases the potential of using commercial-grade drones and point spectroscopy in mapping complex environments. This can pave the way for future research, by increasing access to repeatable, effective, and affordable technology
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