202 research outputs found
Liveness-Driven Random Program Generation
Randomly generated programs are popular for testing compilers and program
analysis tools, with hundreds of bugs in real-world C compilers found by random
testing. However, existing random program generators may generate large amounts
of dead code (computations whose result is never used). This leaves relatively
little code to exercise a target compiler's more complex optimizations.
To address this shortcoming, we introduce liveness-driven random program
generation. In this approach the random program is constructed bottom-up,
guided by a simultaneous structural data-flow analysis to ensure that the
generator never generates dead code.
The algorithm is implemented as a plugin for the Frama-C framework. We
evaluate it in comparison to Csmith, the standard random C program generator.
Our tool generates programs that compile to more machine code with a more
complex instruction mix.Comment: Pre-proceedings paper presented at the 27th International Symposium
on Logic-Based Program Synthesis and Transformation (LOPSTR 2017), Namur,
Belgium, 10-12 October 2017 (arXiv:1708.07854
Generalisation of the Einstein-Straus model to anisotropic settings
We study the possibility of generalising the Einstein--Straus model to
anisotropic settings, by considering the matching of locally cylindrically
symmetric static regions to the set of on locally rotationally
symmetric (LRS) spacetimes. We show that such matchings preserving the symmetry
are only possible for a restricted subset of the LRS models in which there is
no evolution in one spacelike direction. These results are applied to spatially
homogeneous (Bianchi) exteriors where the static part represents a finite
bounded interior region without holes. We find that it is impossible to embed
finite static strings or other locally cylindrically symmetric static objects
(such as bottle or coin-shaped objects) in reasonable Bianchi cosmological
models, irrespective of the matter content. Furthermore, we find that if the
exterior spacetime is assumed to have a perfect fluid source satisfying the
dominant energy condition, then only a very particular family of LRS stiff
fluid solutions are compatible with this model.
Finally, given the interior/exterior duality in the matching procedure, our
results have the interesting consequence that the Oppenheimer-Snyder model of
collapse cannot be generalised to such anisotropic cases.Comment: LaTeX, 24 pages. Text unchanged. Labels removed from the equations.
Submitted for publicatio
On the investigations of galaxy redshift periodicity
In this article we present a historical review of study of the redshift
periodicity of galaxies, starting from the first works performed in the
seventies of the twentieth century until the present day. We discuss the
observational data and methods used, showing in which cases the discretization
of redshifts was observed. We conclude that galaxy redshift periodisation is an
effect which can really exist. We also discussed the redshift discretization in
two different structures: the Local Group of galaxies and the Hercules
Supercluster. Contrary to the previous studies we consider all galaxies which
can be regarded as a structure member disregarding the accuracy of velocity
measurements. We applied the power spectrum analysis using the Hann function
for weighting, together with the jackknife error estimator. In both the
structures we found weak effects of redshift periodisation.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Part. and Nucl. Lett. 200
Thermodynamics of a black hole in a cavity
We present a unified thermodynamical description of the configurations
consisting on self-gravitating radiation with or without a black hole. We
compute the thermal fluctuations and evaluate where will they induce a
transition from metastable configurations towards stable ones. We show that the
probability of finding such a transition is exponentially small. This indicates
that, in a sequence of quasi equilibrium configurations, the system will remain
in the metastable states till it approaches very closely the critical point
beyond which no metastable configuration exists. Near that point, we relate the
divergence of the local temperature fluctuations to the approach of the
instability of the whole system, thereby generalizing the usual fluctuations
analysis in the cases where long range forces are present. When angular
momentum is added to the cavity, the above picture is slightly modified.
Nevertheless, at high angular momentum, the black hole loses most of its mass
before it reaches the critical point at which it evaporates completely.Comment: 27 pages, latex file, contains 3 figures available on request at
[email protected]
The Quantum Mechanical Arrows of Time
The familiar textbook quantum mechanics of laboratory measurements
incorporates a quantum mechanical arrow of time --- the direction in time in
which state vector reduction operates. This arrow is usually assumed to
coincide with the direction of the thermodynamic arrow of the quasiclassical
realm of everyday experience. But in the more general context of cosmology we
seek an explanation of all observed arrows, and the relations between them, in
terms of the conditions that specify our particular universe. This paper
investigates quantum mechanical and thermodynamic arrows in a time-neutral
formulation of quantum mechanics for a number of model cosmologies in fixed
background spacetimes. We find that a general universe may not have well
defined arrows of either kind. When arrows are emergent they need not point in
the same direction over the whole of spacetime. Rather they may be local,
pointing in different directions in different spacetime regions. Local arrows
can therefore be consistent with global time symmetry.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, typos correcte
Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization
Citation: Gaire, B., Haxton, D. J., Sturm, F. P., Williams, J., Gatton, A., Bocharova, I., . . . Weber, T. (2015). Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization. Physical Review A, 92(1), 13. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.92.013408The fragmentation pathways and dynamics of ethylene molecules after core ionization are explored using coincident measurements of the Auger electron and fragment ions by employing the cold target recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy method. The influence of several factors on the dynamics and kinematics of the dissociation is studied. These include propensity rules, ionization mechanisms, symmetry of the orbitals from which the Auger electrons originate, multiple scattering, conical intersections, interference, and possible core-hole localization for the double ionization of this polyatomic molecule. Energy correlation maps allow probing the multidimensional potential energy surfaces and, in combination with our multiconfiguration self-consistent field calculations, identifying the populated electronic states of the dissociating dication. The measured angular distributions of the Auger electrons in the molecular frame further support and augment these assignments. The deprotonation and molecular hydrogen ion elimination channels show a nearly isotropic Auger electron angular distribution with a small elongation along the direction perpendicular to the molecular axis. For the symmetric breakup the angular distributions show a clear influence of multiple scattering on the outgoing electrons. The lowest kinetic energy release feature of the symmetric breakup channel displays a fingerprint of entangled Auger and photoelectron motion in the angular emission pattern identifying this transition as an excellent candidate to probe core-hole localization at a conical intersection of a polyatomic molecule.Additional Authors: Landers, A. L.;Belkacem, A.;Dorner, R.;Weber, T
Twenty Years of Galactic Observations in Searching for Bursts of Collapse Neutrinos with the Baksan Underground Scintillation Telescope
The results of twenty-year-long Galactic observations in neutrino radiation
are summarized. Except for the recording of a neutrino signal from the
supernova SN 1987A, no Galactic bursts of collapse neutrinos have been
detected. An upper bound on the mean frequency of gravitational collapses in
our Galaxy was obtained, .Comment: latex, 7 pages, 2 eps figure
The medical student
The Medical Student was published from 1888-1921 by the students of Boston University School of Medicine
Particles and fields in fluid turbulence
The understanding of fluid turbulence has considerably progressed in recent
years. The application of the methods of statistical mechanics to the
description of the motion of fluid particles, i.e. to the Lagrangian dynamics,
has led to a new quantitative theory of intermittency in turbulent transport.
The first analytical description of anomalous scaling laws in turbulence has
been obtained. The underlying physical mechanism reveals the role of
statistical integrals of motion in non-equilibrium systems. For turbulent
transport, the statistical conservation laws are hidden in the evolution of
groups of fluid particles and arise from the competition between the expansion
of a group and the change of its geometry. By breaking the scale-invariance
symmetry, the statistically conserved quantities lead to the observed anomalous
scaling of transported fields. Lagrangian methods also shed new light on some
practical issues, such as mixing and turbulent magnetic dynamo.Comment: 165 pages, review article for Rev. Mod. Phy
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