235 research outputs found
Metadata for describing learning scenarios under European Higher Education Area paradigm
In this paper we identify the requirements for creating formal descriptions of learning scenarios designed under the European Higher
Education Area paradigm, using competences and learning activities as the basic pieces of the learning process, instead of contents and learning resources, pursuing personalization. Classical arrangements of content based courses are no longer enough to describe all the richness of this new learning process, where user profiles, competences and complex hierarchical itineraries need to be properly combined. We study the intersection with the current IMS Learning Design specification and the
additional metadata required for describing such learning scenarios. This new approach involves the use of case based learning and collaborative
learning in order to acquire and develop competences, following adaptive learning paths in two structured levels
Short-Range B-site Ordering in Inverse Spinel Ferrite NiFe2O4
The Raman spectra of single crystals of NiFe2O4 were studied in various
scattering configurations in close comparison with the corresponding spectra of
Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 and Fe3O4. The number of experimentally observed Raman modes
exceeds significantly that expected for a normal spinel structure and the
polarization properties of most of the Raman lines provide evidence for a
microscopic symmetry lower than that given by the Fd-3m space group. We argue
that the experimental results can be explained by considering the short range
1:1 ordering of Ni2+ and Fe3+ at the B-sites of inverse spinel structure, most
probably of tetragonal P4_122/P4_322 symmetry.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 6 table
First-principles study of stability and vibrational properties of tetragonal PbTiO_3
A first-principles study of the vibrational modes of PbTiO_3 in the
ferroelectric tetragonal phase has been performed at all the main symmetry
points of the Brillouin zone (BZ). The calculations use the local-density
approximation and ultrasoft pseudopotentials with a plane-wave basis, and
reproduce well the available experimental information on the modes at the Gamma
point, including the LO-TO splittings. The work was motivated in part by a
previously reported transition to an orthorhombic phase at low temperatures
[(J. Kobayashi, Y. Uesu, and Y. Sakemi, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 28}, 3866 (1983)]. We
show that a linear coupling of orthorhombic strain to one of the modes at Gamma
plays a role in the discussion of the possibility of this phase transition.
However, no mechanical instabilities (soft modes) are found, either at Gamma or
at any of the other high-symmetry points of the BZ.Comment: 8 pages, two-column style with 3 postscript figures embedded. Uses
REVTEX and epsf macros. Also available at
http://www.physics.rutgers.edu/~dhv/preprints/index.html#ag_pbt
The design space of a configurable autocompletion component
Autocompletion is a commonly used interface feature in diverse applications. Semantic Web data has, on the one hand, the potential to provide new functionality by exploiting the semantics in the data used for generating autocompletion suggestions. Semantic Web applications, on the other hand, typically pose extra requirements on the semantic properties of the suggestions given. When the number of syntactic matches becomes too large, some means of selecting a semantically meaningful subset of suggestions to be presented to the user is needed. In this paper we identify a number of key design dimensions of autocompletion interface components. Our hypothesis is that a one-size-fits-all solution to autocompletion interface components does not exist, because different tasks and different data sets require interfaces corresponding to different points in our design space. We present a fully configurable architecture, which can be used to configure autocompletion components to the desired point in this design space. The architecture has been implemented as an open source software component that can be plugged into a variety of applications. We report on the results of a user evaluation that confirms this hypothesis, and describe the need to evaluate semantic autocompletion in a task and application-specific context
The design space of a configurable autocompletion component
Autocompletion is a commonly used interface feature in diverse applications. Semantic Web data has, on the one hand, the potential to provide new functionality by exploiting the semantics in the data used for generating autocompletion suggestions. Semantic Web applications, on the other hand, typically pose extra requirements on the semantic properties of the suggestions given. When the number of syntactic matches becomes too large, some means of selecting a semantically meaningful subset of suggestions to be presented to the user is needed. In this paper we identify a number of key design dimensions of autocompletion interface components. Our hypothesis is that a one-size-fits-all solution to autocompletion interface components does not exist, because different tasks and different data sets require interfaces corresponding to different points in our design space. We present a fully configurable architecture, which can be used to configure autocompletion components to the desired point in this design space. The architecture has been implemented as an open source software component that can be plugged into a variety of applications. We report on the results of a user evaluation that confirms this hypothesis, and describe the need to evaluate semantic autocompletion in a task and application-specific context
Crowd vs Experts: Nichesourcing for Knowledge Intensive Tasks in Cultural Heritage
The results of our exploratory study provide new insights to crowdsourcing knowledge intensive tasks. We designed and performed an annotation task on a print collection of the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, involving experts and crowd workers in the domain-specific description of depicted flowers. We created a testbed to collect annotations from flower experts and crowd workers and analyzed these in regard to user agreement. The findings show promising results, demonstrating how, for given categories, nichesourcing can provide useful annotations by connecting crowdsourcing to domain expertise
Computational Controversy
Climate change, vaccination, abortion, Trump: Many topics are surrounded by
fierce controversies. The nature of such heated debates and their elements have
been studied extensively in the social science literature. More recently,
various computational approaches to controversy analysis have appeared, using
new data sources such as Wikipedia, which help us now better understand these
phenomena. However, compared to what social sciences have discovered about such
debates, the existing computational approaches mostly focus on just a few of
the many important aspects around the concept of controversies. In order to
link the two strands, we provide and evaluate here a controversy model that is
both, rooted in the findings of the social science literature and at the same
time strongly linked to computational methods. We show how this model can lead
to computational controversy analytics that have full coverage over all the
crucial aspects that make up a controversy.Comment: In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Social
Informatics (SocInfo) 201
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