Keplerian Motion of Broad-Line Region Gas as Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei

Emission-line variability data on NGC 5548 argue strongly for the existence of a mass of order 7 x 10^7 solar masses within the inner few light days of the nucleus in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548. The time-delayed response of the emission lines to continuum variations is used to infer the size of the line-emitting region, and these determinations are combined with measurements of the Doppler widths of the variable line components to estimate a virial mass. The data for several different emission lines spanning an order of magnitude in distance from the central source show the expected V proportional to r^{-1/2} correlation and are consistent with a single value for the mass.Comment: 9 pages, 2 Figures. accepted by ApJ Letter

Independent nonclassical tests for states and measurements in the same experiment

We show that one single experiment can test simultaneously and independently both the nonclassicality of states and measurements by the violation or fulfillment of classical bounds on the statistics. Nonideal measurements affected by imperfections can be characterized by two bounds depending on whether we test the ideal measurement or the real one.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of 17th CEWQO 201

Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei from Emission-Line Reverberation

Emission-line variability data for Seyfert 1 galaxies provide strong evidence for the existence of supermassive black holes in the nuclei of these galaxies, and that the line-emitting gas is moving in the gravitational potential of that black hole. The time-delayed response of the emission lines to continuum variations is used to infer the size of the line-emitting region, which is then combined with measurements of the Doppler widths of the variable line components to estimate a virial mass. In the case of the best-studied galaxy, NGC 5548, various emission lines spanning an order of magnitude in distance from the central source show the expected velocity proportional to inverse square root of the distance correlation between distance and line width, and are thus consistent with a single value for the mass. Two other Seyfert galaxies, NGC 7469 and 3C 390.3, show a similar relationship. We compute the ratio of luminosity to mass for these three objects and the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 and find that that the gravitational force on the line-emitting gas is much stronger than radiation pressure. These results strongly support the paradigm of gravitationally bound broad emission-line region clouds.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter

Implementasi Kincir Angin Savonius 2 Tingkat Menggunakan Generator Magnet Permanen

This paper focuses on improving the performance of a two-tiered windmill savonius to generate electricity through a permanent magnet generator. This study used an experimental method, taking into account the number and angle of the wind turbine Savonius two levels. The study was conducted at wind speed conditions of about 2.85 m / s to 6.42 m / s. Dimensions of windshield savonius blades with a width of 45 cm and a height of 50 cm. The wind turbine is installed with a height of 3.5 meters from the ground. This study uses a gearbox with a ratio of 1: 3.This study produces a maximum power of 95 watts. The average voltage generated 13.75 volts AC to 19.52 volts AC. The energy supplied to the battery uses a battery charger control (BCR).&nbsp

Characterizing Quantum Properties of a Measurement Apparatus: Insights from the Retrodictive Approach

Using the retrodictive approach of quantum physics, we show that the state retrodicted from the response of a measurement apparatus is a convenient tool to fully characterize its quantum properties. We translate in terms of this state some interesting aspects of the quantum behavior of a detector, such as the non-classicality or the non-gaussian character of its measurements. We also introduce estimators - the projectivity, the ideality, the fidelity or the detectivity of measurements perfomed by the apparatus - which directly follow from the retrodictive approach. Beyond their fundamental significance for describing general quantum measurements, these properties are crucial in several protocols, in particular in the conditional preparation of non-classical states of light or in measurement-driven quantum information processing

Pengaruh Jerami Padi Dan Rasio Pupuk Urea, Tsp, Kcl Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Kedelai ( Glycine Max (L) Merril. )

This research was conducted to find out the effect of rice straw and ratio of Urea, TSP, KCL on the growth and production of soybean. This research has been conducted in the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture University of Riau, from January to April 2016. This study used randomized block design (RAK), arrange in a factorial with 2 factors, factors of rice straw mulch with 3 levels doses of 0 kg/Ha, 5 kg/Ha, 10 kg/Ha and factor ratio of Urea, TSP, KCL with 4 levels doses of 0 kg/Ha, 25, 50, 50 kg/Ha, 50, 100, 100 kg/Ha, 75, 150, 150 kg/Ha, two factors combined to obtain 12 combined treatment, for each treatment consisted of three replications, in order to get 36 experimental units. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and significantly different continued with Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5% level. Each experimental unit consisted of 52 plants, only seven plants become sample. The parameters measured were the number of the effectiveness root nodules per plant, the growth rate of plants, weeds, number of pods per plant, pods percentage pithy, dry seed weight/m2, and the weight of 100 seeds. Research data show that rice straw dose of 10 ton/Ha and ratio of Urea, TSP, KCl doses of 50, 100, 100 kg/Ha produces a dry seed weight of 2,69 tons/Ha, higher than without treatments is 1,3 tons/Ha

Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. The Consistency of Black Hole Masses in Quiescent and Active Galaxies

We report the first results of a program to measure accurate stellar velocity dispersions in the bulges of the host galaxies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) for which accurate black hole (BH) masses have been determined via reverberation mapping. We find good agreement between BH masses obtained from reverberation mapping, and from the M(BH) - sigma relation as defined by quiescent galaxies, indicating a common relationship between active and quiescent black holes and their large-scale environments.Comment: Submitted to ApJ

Pemberian Kompos Kulit Buah Kakao pada Medium Ultisol untuk Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L)

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of cocoa fruit skin compost (CFSC) on Ultisol medium the growth of cocoa seed. This research was conducted in experiment garden of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, at Bina Widya Campus, Subrantas Street km 12.5, Simpang Baru, Tampan, Pekanbaru. This research taken time as 3 months starting from june 2016 until October 2016. This experiment was conducted used Randomized Complete Design (RCD) non factorial is cocoa fruit skin compost (CFSC) consist of 6 level (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g cfsc/plant) with 3 replications. Observation parameters consist of seed height, number of leaves, stem diameter, canopy dry weight, dry weight of root and root canopy ratio. The result of this research show that the applications 200 g cfsc/plant increased seed height, number of leaves, stem diameter, canopy dry weight, dry weight of root and root canopy ratio compared with without applications