88 research outputs found
Effects of selected process conditions on the stability of hydrochar in low-carbon sandy soil
Risiko
Der Risikobegriff ist zum Schlüsselbegriff des 21. Jahrhunderts geworden. Der Beitrag geht dem Verständnis dieses ursprünglich aus der Seeschifffahrt stammenden Begriffs in den Disziplinen der Ökonomie, Naturwissenschaft, Psychologie, Ethik, Rechtswissenschaft und Soziologie nach, zeigt die unterschiedlichen Erkenntnisinteressen und unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer interdisziplinären Risikoforschung auch und gerade in den Umweltwissenschaften
Generating large labeled data sets for laparoscopic image processing tasks using unpaired image-to-image translation
In the medical domain, the lack of large training data sets and benchmarks is
often a limiting factor for training deep neural networks. In contrast to
expensive manual labeling, computer simulations can generate large and fully
labeled data sets with a minimum of manual effort. However, models that are
trained on simulated data usually do not translate well to real scenarios. To
bridge the domain gap between simulated and real laparoscopic images, we
exploit recent advances in unpaired image-to-image translation. We extent an
image-to-image translation method to generate a diverse multitude of
realistically looking synthetic images based on images from a simple
laparoscopy simulation. By incorporating means to ensure that the image content
is preserved during the translation process, we ensure that the labels given
for the simulated images remain valid for their realistically looking
translations. This way, we are able to generate a large, fully labeled
synthetic data set of laparoscopic images with realistic appearance. We show
that this data set can be used to train models for the task of liver
segmentation of laparoscopic images. We achieve average dice scores of up to
0.89 in some patients without manually labeling a single laparoscopic image and
show that using our synthetic data to pre-train models can greatly improve
their performance. The synthetic data set will be made publicly available,
fully labeled with segmentation maps, depth maps, normal maps, and positions of
tools and camera (http://opencas.dkfz.de/image2image).Comment: Accepted at MICCAI 201
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journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/schres Planning impairments in schizophrenia: Specificity, task independence an
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: International survey and call for harmonisation.
AIM
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is an often deadly complication of IPF. No focused international guidelines for the management of AE-IPF exist. The aim of this international survey was to assess the global variability in prevention, diagnostic and treatment strategies for AE-IPF.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Pulmonologists with ILD expertise were invited to participate in a survey designed by an international expert panel.
RESULTS
509 pulmonologists from 66 countries responded. Significant geographical variability in approaches to manage AE-IPF was found. Common preventive measures included antifibrotic drugs and vaccination. Diagnostic differences were most pronounced regarding use of KL-6 and viral testing, while HRCT, BNP and D-Dimer are generally applied. High dose steroids are widely administered (94%); the use of other immunosuppressant and treatment strategies is highly variable. Very few (4%) responders never use immunosuppression. Antifibrotic treatments are initiated during AE-IPF by 67%. Invasive ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are mainly used as a bridge to transplantation. Most physicians educate patients comprehensively on the severity of AE-IPF (82%) and consider palliative care (64%).
CONCLUSION
Approaches to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AE-IPF vary worldwide. Global trials and guidelines to improve the prognosis of AE-IPF are needed
Non-Human and Human Transport to Mars: by Mars- plus Europa-INPPS Flagship Missions including High Mass Science Payload
Summary Status INPPS Flagshi
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