Deleøkonomiens betydning for statsvejnettet

Deleøkonomi i transportsektoren bliver ofte nævnt som en af løsningerne på, hvordan nedsat fremkommelighed på vejnettet kan blive løst, uden at der skal anlægges ny infrastruktur. Men kan deleøkonomi bidrage til at reducere trafikken på statsvejnettet i myldretiden - og hvordan vil det i så fald finde sted? Er det ordninger som LetzGo og DriveNow, der kan få trafikken til at falde på statsvejnettet, eller er det tjenester som GoMore, der tilbyder samkørsel og privat billeje? Det søges der svar på i denne analyse, som Incentive har gennemført på vegne af Vejdirektoratet. Analysen består af et litteraturreview og en konkurrencefladeanalyse, der opgør omkostningsstrukturen ved deleøkonomiske transportformer. Det vil sige en analyse af deleøkonomiens konkurrenceposition i forhold til kollektiv transport og kørsel i egen bil. Formålet er at vurdere, hvordan fire typer inden for deleøkonomi i transportsektoren kan forventes at påvirke trafikken på statsvejnettet i myldretiden

Working out who you are: Identity formation among fitness tourists

For several years, fitness has been a popular form of leisure activity due to people’s concern for their health and for displaying a healthy image. Recently, fitness activities have also started to permeate holidays. With point of departure in theories on consumption and identity and the increasing dedifferentiation of holiday activities, this study shows that fitness tourists use holidays mainly as an extension of their everyday lives. Certain differences between every-day and holiday consumption, however, also appear, as experimenting with new fitness activities as well as bonding with friends and getting acquainted with strangers appear to be defining aspects of fitness tourism. This underscores the usefulness of understanding identity formation in a fitness tourism context within a continuum of differentiation-dedifferentiation

Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormones in Faroese Men – a Cross-sectional Population-based Study of 481 Men

Objectives: To determine semen quality and reproductive hormone levels in young Faroese men. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study of Faroese men compared with Danish men. Setting: Faroese one-centre study. Participants: 481 men born from 1981 to 1987 and investigated from 2007 to 2010. Outcome measures: Sperm concentration, semen volume, total sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology and reproductive hormone levels. Results: Sperm concentrations for the Faroese men were lower than for the Danish men (crude median 40 vs 48 mill/ml, p<0.0005). Semen volume was higher, and thus the total sperm counts did not differ (159 vs 151 mill, p=0.2). Motility and morphology did not differ between the Faroese and Danes. The inhibin B/follicle-stimulating hormone ratios for the Faroese men were lower than for the Danes (64 vs 76, p=0.001). Similarly, lower total testosterone/luteinising hormone (LH) ratio (4.6 vs 6.0, p<0.0005) and lower calculated free-testosterone/LH ratio (94 vs 134, p<0.0005) were detected for the Faroese men. Conclusions: Semen quality among the Faroese men is at the same low level as reported for Danish men, and the reproductive hormone levels furthermore indicated a lower Leydig cell capacity for testosterone production. The influence of environmental exposure and genetic factors on semen quality has to be studied further

Sublethal Ciprofloxacin Treatment Leads to Rapid Development of High-Level Ciprofloxacin Resistance during Long-Term Experimental Evolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The dynamics of occurrence and the genetic basis of ciprofloxacin resistance were studied in a long-term evolution experiment (940 generations) in wild-type, reference strain (PAO1) and hypermutable (PAOΔmutS and PAOMY-Mgm) P. aeruginosa populations continuously exposed to sub-MICs (1/4) of ciprofloxacin. A rapid occurrence of ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants (MIC of ≥12 μg/ml, representing 100 times the MIC of the original population) were observed in all ciprofloxacin-exposed lineages of PAOΔmutS and PAOMY-Mgm populations after 100 and 170 generations, respectively, and in one of the PAO1 lineages after 240 generations. The genetic basis of resistance was mutations in gyrA (C248T and G259T) and gyrB (C1397A). Cross-resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics was observed in the bacterial populations that evolved during exposure to sublethal concentrations of ciprofloxacin. Our study shows that mutants with high-level ciprofloxacin resistance are selected in P. aeruginosa bacterial populations exposed to sub-MICs of ciprofloxacin. This can have implications for the long-term persistence of resistant bacteria and spread of antibiotic resistance by exposure of commensal bacterial flora to low antibiotic concentrations

Fatigue after initiating rivaroxaban for venous thromboembolism

Background Rivaroxaban was the first new oral anticoagulant approved for treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Clinical trials have shown that rivaroxaban is noninferior to conventional anticoagulation for VTE in efficacy and safety. Increased fatigue after the initiation of rivaroxaban has been observed in clinical practice, but data on this potential side effect are lacking. Objective The study aimed to evaluate development of fatigue in patients treated for VTE, comparing rivaroxaban to other anticoagulants. Methods Patients were prospectively recruited after a diagnosis of VTE. The Fatigue Questionnaire was used to determine the level of fatigue at baseline, at 3 weeks of treatment, and either at 1 month after the discontinuation of treatment if the treatment was discontinued after 3 months or at 6 months if treatment was continued beyond this time. Data was analyzed by a linear mixed model. Results A total of 126 patients were included. Mean age was 59 years; 77 (61%) were males. Fifty‐seven patients (45%) were diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis, 48 (38%) with pulmonary embolism, and 21 (17%) with both. Predicted changes in fatigue scores from baseline to the last measurement were −0.007 and −2.49 for the rivaroxaban and the other‐anticoagulants groups, respectively, neither of which were statistically significant. No difference was detected between rivaroxaban and the other‐anticoagulants group at any time point, including subgroup analysis comparing over and under 6 months of treatment duration. Conclusion In this small study, our results suggest no increase in the level of fatigue after the initiation of treatment with rivaroxaban for VTE.publishedVersio