18 research outputs found

    Slutrapport

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    SojaanvĂ€ndningen inom animalieproduktionen Ă€r kraftigt ifrĂ„gasatt, och att ersĂ€tta sojan med inhemska proteinfodermedel Ă€r en av de viktigaste förĂ€ndringar för att minska miljöpĂ„verkan och stĂ€rka svensk kycklings varumĂ€rke. Raps och Ă„kerbönor Ă€r tvĂ„ av de proteingrödor som Ă€r odlingsbara i Sverige och det finns stora möjlighetet att öka anvĂ€ndningen av dessa i kycklingfoder. Ett litet gissel med i stort sett alla inhemska proteingrödor Ă€r att de innehĂ„ller en del Ă€mnen s.k. antinutritionella substanser (ANS) som kan störa nĂ€ringsupptaget hos fjĂ€derfĂ€n. I raps Ă€r det framförallt glukosinolater och dess nedbrytningsprodukter som utgör ett problem. Nedbrytning av glukosinolater aktiveras av enzymet myrosinas. BegrĂ€nsningen hos Ă„kerböna Ă€r för vĂ€xande djur framförallt tanniner och trypsininhibitorer, dĂ€r vitblommiga Ă„kerbönorna Ă€r i princip fria frĂ„n tanniner. SĂ„vĂ€l myrosinas som trypsininhibitorer Ă€r vĂ€rmeinstabila och det finns dĂ€rmed möjligheter att genom förbehandling med vĂ€rme, förstöra dessa oönskade substanser i rĂ„varan innan den blandas in i fodret. Dock saknas information om optimal tid och temperatur pĂ„ vĂ€rmebehandlingen och hur denna pĂ„verkar möjlig inblandningsnivĂ„ i slaktkycklingfoder. Risken med en för kraftig vĂ€rmebehandling Ă€r att proteinkvaliteten blir negativt pĂ„verkad. För att undersöka detta genomfördes fyra delförsök, ett labförsök och ett slaktkycklingförsök med rapsfrö och ett labförsök och ett slaktkycklingförsök med vitblommig Ă„kerböna. Labförsöken utfördes pĂ„ KungsĂ€ngens forskningscentrum, SLU och raps respektive Ă„kerböna torr-rostades i ugn i olika tider och temperaturer. För raps var enzymet myrosinas helt inaktiverat vid rostning 120 °C, 15 min samtidigt som proteinets kvalitĂ© var bibehĂ„llen. För Ă„kerböna sĂ„gs en sĂ€nkning av trypsininhibitoraktivitet och bibehĂ„llen proteinkvalitet vid rostning 140 °C, 5,5 min, och dessa temperaturer bedöms som optimala vid torr- rostning. Slaktkycklingförsöken utfödes pĂ„ Lövsta forskningscentrum, och i rapsförsöket testades 4 inblandningsnivĂ„er, 0, 8, 16, 24 % raps, samt effekt av vĂ€rmebehandling i form av Ă„ngpelletering. För de pelleterade fodren var 16 % inblandning möjlig utan att pĂ„verka foderintag, tillvĂ€xt eller foderomvandlingsförmĂ„ga (FCR) negativt. För de icke-pelleterade - mĂŒslifodern var FCR bibehĂ„llen vid 8 % inblandning, men vikt och foderintag var sĂ€mre Ă€n kontrollfodret och sĂ€nktes sedan linjĂ€rt med ökad inblandningsnivĂ„. I slaktkycklingförsöket med Ă„kerböna testades ocksĂ„ 4 inblandningsnivĂ„er, 0, 10, 20 och 30 %, dessa foder Ă„ngpelleterades. För nivĂ„n 20 % Ă„kerböna testades Ă€ven effekten av vĂ€rmebehandling och foderstruktur genom att tvĂ„ mĂŒslifoder tillverkades, i det ena var Ă„kerbönorna förrostade i 140 °C, 5,5 min i det andra var de obehandlade. Resultaten visade att foderintag, vikt och FCR var bibehĂ„llen vid 20 % inblandning, vid 30 % inblandning var FCR bibehĂ„llen, men foderintag och vikt var sĂ€nkta. I bĂ„da mĂŒslifodern sĂ„gs ett vĂ€ldigt lĂ„gt foderintag och dĂ€rmed lĂ„ga vikter, men bibehĂ„llen FCR. Som slutsats konsterades att vĂ€rmebehandling i form av pelletering möjliggör inblandning av 16 % rapsfrö och 20 % vitblommig Ă„kerböna i slaktkycklingfoder

    Towards a cancer mission in Horizon Europe: recommendations.

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    A comprehensive translational cancer research approach focused on personalized and precision medicine, and covering the entire cancer research-care-prevention continuum has the potential to achieve in 2030 a 10-year cancer-specific survival for 75% of patients diagnosed in European Union (EU) member states with a well-developed healthcare system. Concerted actions across this continuum that spans from basic and preclinical research through clinical and prevention research to outcomes research, along with the establishment of interconnected high-quality infrastructures for translational research, clinical and prevention trials and outcomes research, will ensure that science-driven and social innovations benefit patients and individuals at risk across the EU. European infrastructures involving comprehensive cancer centres (CCCs) and CCC-like entities will provide researchers with access to the required critical mass of patients, biological materials and technological resources and can bridge research with healthcare systems. Here, we prioritize research areas to ensure a balanced research portfolio and provide recommendations for achieving key targets. Meeting these targets will require harmonization of EU and national priorities and policies, improved research coordination at the national, regional and EU level and increasingly efficient and flexible funding mechanisms. Long-term support by the EU and commitment of Member States to specialized schemes are also needed for the establishment and sustainability of trans-border infrastructures and networks. In addition to effectively engaging policymakers, all relevant stakeholders within the entire continuum should consensually inform policy through evidence-based advice

    Pathogen Specific, IRF3-Dependent Signaling and Innate Resistance to Human Kidney Infection

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    The mucosal immune system identifies and fights invading pathogens, while allowing non-pathogenic organisms to persist. Mechanisms of pathogen/non-pathogen discrimination are poorly understood, as is the contribution of human genetic variation in disease susceptibility. We describe here a new, IRF3-dependent signaling pathway that is critical for distinguishing pathogens from normal flora at the mucosal barrier. Following uropathogenic E. coli infection, Irf3−/− mice showed a pathogen-specific increase in acute mortality, bacterial burden, abscess formation and renal damage compared to wild type mice. TLR4 signaling was initiated after ceramide release from glycosphingolipid receptors, through TRAM, CREB, Fos and Jun phosphorylation and p38 MAPK-dependent mechanisms, resulting in nuclear translocation of IRF3 and activation of IRF3/IFNÎČ-dependent antibacterial effector mechanisms. This TLR4/IRF3 pathway of pathogen discrimination was activated by ceramide and by P-fimbriated E. coli, which use ceramide-anchored glycosphingolipid receptors. Relevance of this pathway for human disease was supported by polymorphic IRF3 promoter sequences, differing between children with severe, symptomatic kidney infection and children who were asymptomatic bacterial carriers. IRF3 promoter activity was reduced by the disease-associated genotype, consistent with the pathology in Irf3−/− mice. Host susceptibility to common infections like UTI may thus be strongly influenced by single gene modifications affecting the innate immune response

    Erfarenheter och motÄtgÀrder inom jordbruket i JÀmtlands lÀn efter Tjernobylnedfallet

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    This report deals with various aspects, on countermeasures taken to diminish the impact of the Chernobyl accident, in critical fallout areas of JĂ€mtland county, in order to reduce the contamination of the farmers produce and food stuff items with Cs-137 in the years 1986 – 1992. At the time of the Chernobyl radioactive fallout in Sweden the growing season had not yet started in JĂ€mtland county (middle east Sweden), where two moun-tainous agriculture areas were critically contaminated with Cs-137. There was thus time for consideration if these areas, sensible for transfer of Cs-137 to crops, could be used for further agricultural produce, or had to be excluded. According-ly, the Swedish government delegated to Swedish radiation safety authority (SSI) to set up acceptable limits for contents Cs-137 in food stuff items, and to inform regional authorities (Agricultural boards) to facilitate the accomplishment of investigations and field research, which effectively could decrease the transfer of Cs-137 to agricultural crop and animal products. In JĂ€mtland county, agriculture animal and soil advisers were to take part in the direct information of the farmers. Agr Dr I. BjĂ€resten, animal adviser, is initiator and head author of the report. She was much engaged on all levels of developing and testing the countermeasures to be employed by the farmers, and especially so in the years 1986 and 1987. Agr B. Jönsson, soil adviser is author of the supple-ment, where he re-ports about soil conditions and experiences from the field con-tamination areas investigated in years 1986-1990. Docent K. RosĂ©n, research scientist in radioecology and soil sciences, SLU, is a staff member of research teams on the JĂ€mtland county. He was engaged to get the report published. The report comprises a description of steps taken between the national authori-ties and the JĂ€mtland county administration board in the unexpected situation after the Chernobyl serious fallout. The administration board made many delega-tions to the regional farming advisers, of which the latter in turn cooperated with the farmers concerned, of the “mysterious” radioactive fallout on their fields, and with university departments working with radioecology in Sweden. Their task was to estimate effective decrease of the different countermeasures recommend-ed and to a great extent implemented by the farmers on field and animal levels. The report can be considered as a narrative or account of experiences obtained by BjĂ€resten during her work with suitable countermeasures to decrease conta-mination of plant and animal products from the contaminated area considered

    Matchning av studenter som bemanningskonsulter

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    Syftet med den hÀr uppsatsen var att studera hur matchning av studenter som jobbar extra som konsulter gÄr till. Detta jÀmfördes med hur bemanningsbranschen matchar sina ordinarie konsulter och hur rekrytering gÄr till i vanliga företag. Det visade sig att det inte gjorts sÄ mycket forskning om matchning riktad mot just studenter och om hur matchning gÄr till. Detta gjorde att teorin var tvungen att byggas upp innan studien kunde pÄbörjas. NÀr detta var gjort studerades hur ett utvalt bemanningsföretag gjorde i praktiken, genom att studera deras dokument, intervjua jobbmÀklare samt förevisning av hur de arbetar. Det som framkom av studien var att det finns flera dokument som styr hur matchingen gÄr till. Dessa dokument var i princip desamma som de som anvÀndes för matchning av de bÄda konsultgrupperna. Skillnaderna mellan de olika konsultgrupperna var inte stora. Matchningsprocessen för studentkonsulterna hade kortare ledtider, uppdragen till sin natur oftast var enklare samt att de enskilda uppdragen oftast var begrÀnsade till kortare tider. Skillnaden mot rekrytering till vanliga företag lÄg i att bemanningsföretag fungerar som en extern part, vilket gör att deras matchning tar endast hÀnsyn till uttalade krav. Detta i sin tur innebÀr att omedvetet urval sÄsom preferenser vad betrÀffar kön, etnicitet och kultur hos kandidaten försvinner

    Matchning av studenter som bemanningskonsulter

    No full text
    Syftet med den hÀr uppsatsen var att studera hur matchning av studenter som jobbar extra som konsulter gÄr till. Detta jÀmfördes med hur bemanningsbranschen matchar sina ordinarie konsulter och hur rekrytering gÄr till i vanliga företag. Det visade sig att det inte gjorts sÄ mycket forskning om matchning riktad mot just studenter och om hur matchning gÄr till. Detta gjorde att teorin var tvungen att byggas upp innan studien kunde pÄbörjas. NÀr detta var gjort studerades hur ett utvalt bemanningsföretag gjorde i praktiken, genom att studera deras dokument, intervjua jobbmÀklare samt förevisning av hur de arbetar. Det som framkom av studien var att det finns flera dokument som styr hur matchingen gÄr till. Dessa dokument var i princip desamma som de som anvÀndes för matchning av de bÄda konsultgrupperna. Skillnaderna mellan de olika konsultgrupperna var inte stora. Matchningsprocessen för studentkonsulterna hade kortare ledtider, uppdragen till sin natur oftast var enklare samt att de enskilda uppdragen oftast var begrÀnsade till kortare tider. Skillnaden mot rekrytering till vanliga företag lÄg i att bemanningsföretag fungerar som en extern part, vilket gör att deras matchning tar endast hÀnsyn till uttalade krav. Detta i sin tur innebÀr att omedvetet urval sÄsom preferenser vad betrÀffar kön, etnicitet och kultur hos kandidaten försvinner

    Mat, hÀlsa och oregelbundna arbetstider

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    The book is an empirical ivestigation and analysis of the health situation for workers with irregular working hours in services. The anaysis is made from a different perspectives with cross-depratmenta co-operatin between researchers from 5 discipline

    Production, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the allergen Can f 2 from Canis familiaris

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    The recombinant form of the allergen Can f 2 from C. familiaris was produced, isolated and crystallized in two different forms. Preliminary X-ray diffraction analyses are reported for the two crystal forms of Can f 2

    Molecular cloning and characterization of two Helicobacter pylori genes coding for plasminogen-binding proteins

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    Helicobacter pylori binds a number of host cell proteins, including the plasma protein plasminogen, which is the proenzyme of the serine protease plasmin. Two H. pylori plasminogen-binding proteins have been described; however, no genes were identified. Here we report the use of a phage display library to clone two genes from the H. pylori CCUG 17874 genome that mediate binding to plasminogen. DNA sequence analysis of one of these genes revealed 96.6% homology with H. pylori 26695 HP0508. A subsequent database search revealed that the amino acid sequence of a lysine-rich C-terminal segment of HP0508 is identical to the C terminus of HP0863. Recombinant proteins expressed from HP0508 and HP0863 bound plasminogen specifically and in a lysine-dependent manner. We designate these genes pgbA and pgbB, respectively. These proteins are expressed by a variety of H. pylori strains, have surface-exposed domains, and do not inhibit plasminogen activation. These results indicate that pgbA and pgbB may allow H. pylori to coat its exterior with plasminogen, which subsequently can be activated to plasmin. The surface acquisition of protease activity may enhance the virulence of H. pylori
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