Shotgun Analysis of Gut Microbiota with Body Composition and Lipid Characteristics in Crohn’s Disease

Alterations to intestinal microbiota are assumed to occur in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aims to analyze the association of fecal microbiota composition, body composition, and lipid characteristics in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). In our cross-sectional study, patients with CD were enrolled and blood and fecal samples were collected. Clinical and endoscopic disease activity and body composition were assessed and laboratory tests were made. Fecal bacterial composition was analyzed using the shotgun method. Microbiota alterations based on obesity, lipid parameters, and disease characteristics were analyzed. In this study, 27 patients with CD were analyzed, of which 37.0% were obese based on visceral fat area (VFA). Beta diversities were higher in non-obese patients (p < 0.001), but relative abundances did not differ. C. innocuum had a higher abundance at a high cholesterol level than Bacillota (p = 0.001, p = 0.0034). Adlercreutzia, B. longum, and Blautia alterations were correlated with triglyceride levels. Higher Clostridia (p = 0.009) and B. schinkii (p = 0.032) and lower Lactobacillus (p = 0.035) were connected to high VFA. Disease activity was coupled with dysbiotic elements. Microbiota alterations in obesity highlight the importance of gut microbiota in diseases with a similar inflammatory background and project therapeutic options

Effects of bowel cleansing on the composition of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease patients and healthy controls

Background: In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC), numerous cases of exacerbations could be observed after colonoscopy, raising the possible pathogenetic effect of colonic microbiota alterations in IBD flare. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the changes in the fecal microbiota composition in IBD patients influenced by the bowel preparation with sodium picosulfate. Design: We enrolled patients with IBD undergoing bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the prospective cohort study. The control group (Con) comprised non-IBD patients who underwent colonoscopy. Clinical data, blood, and stool samples were collected before colonoscopy (timepoint A), 3 days later (timepoint B), and 4 weeks later (timepoint C). Methods: Disease activity and gut microbiota changes were assessed at each timepoint. Fecal microbiota structure – at family level – was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Statistical analysis included differential abundance analysis and Mann–Whitney tests. Results: Forty-one patients (9 CD, 13 UC, and 19 Con) were included. After bowel preparation, alpha diversity was lower in the CD group than in the UC (p = 0.01) and Con (p = 0.02) groups at timepoint B. Alpha diversity was significantly higher in the UC group than in the CD and Con (p = 0.03) groups at timepoint C. Beta diversity difference differed between the IBD and Con (p = 0.001) groups. Based on the differential abundance analysis, the Clostridiales family was increased, whereas the Bifidobacteriaceae family was decreased in CD patients compared to the Con at timepoint B. Conclusions: Bowel preparation may change the fecal microbial composition in IBD patients, which may have a potential role in disease exacerbation after bowel cleansing

Levelek a szerkesztőhöz; Folyóirat-referátumok; Könyvismertetések

Levelek a szerkesztőhöz: 1. Az onkogenetika szerepe az emlő- és petefészekrák kezelésében 2. Madáretető a Barát patak mentén Folyóirat-referátumok: Idegsebészet: 1. J. Ebnet - M. Nakamura [et al.]: Eltévedt bél = An Errant Bowel Kardiológia: 1. Gao D. - Ning N. - Niu X. [et al.]: Trimetazidin szívelégtelenségben: randomizált vizsgálatok metaanalízise = Trimetazidine: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials in Heart Failure Reprodukció: 1. M.C. Inhonr - P. Patrizio: A reprodukciós „turizmus” mint reprodukciós „számkivetés” újragondolása = Rethinking Reproductive “Tourism” as Reproductive “Exile” Szülészet-nőgyógyászat: 1. B. Kalra - S. Kalra - B. Chhabra: Halál utáni császármetszés 1-es típusú diabeteses asszonyokon: két eset ugyanabban az észak-indiai kórházban = Posthumous Caesarean Section in Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Two Cases at One Hospital in Northern India Könyvismertetések: 1. Füredi János: A kényszer kapui. Medicina Könyvkiadó, Budapest, 2011 2. Rozsos István: Három könyv a hitről, az életútról, a hivatásról. Oboler Kft. Kiadó, Pécs, 2010 (ISBN 978-963-06-9288-5

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 is a novel faecal biomarker for monitoring disease activity and therapeutic response in inflammatory bowel diseases

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis require lifelong treatment and patient monitoring. Current biomarkers have several limitations, therefore, there is an unmet need to identify novel biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previously, the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) was established in the pathogenesis of IBD and suggested as a potential biomarker. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively analyze the selectivity of PAI-1 in IBD, its correlation with the disease activity, and its potential to predict therapeutic response.Blood, colon biopsy, organoid cultures (OC), and faecal samples were used from active and inactive IBD patients and control subjects. Serpin E1 gene expressions and PAI-1 protein levels and localization in serum, biopsy, and fecal samples were evaluated by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and immunostaining, respectively.The study population comprised 132 IBD patients (56 CD and 76 UC) and 40 non-IBD patients. We demonstrated that the serum, mucosal, and faecal PAI-1 concentration is elevated in IBD patients, showing clinical and endoscopic activity. In responders (decrease of eMayo≥3 in UC; or SES-CD>50% in CD), the initial PAI-1 level decreased significantly upon successful therapy. OCs derived from active IBD patients produced higher concentrations of PAI-1 than the controls, suggesting that epithelial cells could be a source of PAI-1. Moreover, faecal PAI-1 selectively increases in active IBD but not other organic gastrointestinal diseases.The serum, mucosal, and faecal PAI-1 concentration correlates with the disease activity and therapeutic response in IBD, suggesting that PAI-1 could be utilized as a novel non-invasive, disease-specific faecal biomarker in the patient follow-up