Život salesiána Oldřicha Meda (*1914 +1991) s přihlédnutím k dochované korespondenci

The work presents life of the salesian Oldřich Med. Its focus are various forms of persecution of salesian Oldřich Med by the communist regime in Czechoslovakia. The author maps the activities of salesian Med, which were intended for young people during the communist era in the places where he worked. The work is based on the author's critical work with archival sources and on the study of literature in the context of contemporary events. The author works mainly with the preserved personal and official correspondence of the eceased Salesian and with state security materials.Predložená práca hovorí o živote saleziána Oldřicha Meda. Ťažiskom práce sú rôzne formy perzekúcie saleziána Oldřicha Meda zo strany komunistického režimu v Československu. Autor tiež na základe prameňov mapuje aktivity saleziána Meda pre mládež v čase komunizmu na miestach jeho pôsobenia. Práca vychádza z autorovej kritickej práce s archívnymi prameňmi a zo štúdia odbornej literatúry v kontexte dobových udalostí. Autor pracuje predovšetkým so zachovanou osobnou a úradnou korešpondenciou zosnulého saleziána a materiálmi Štátnej bezpečnosti.Katedra dějin a didaktiky dějepisuFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

The life of the Salesian Oldřich Med (* 1914 +1991), taking into account the surviving correspondence

The work presents life of the salesian Oldřich Med. Its focus are various forms of persecution of salesian Oldřich Med by the communist regime in Czechoslovakia. The author maps the activities of salesian Med, which were intended for young people during the communist era in the places where he worked. The work is based on the author's critical work with archival sources and on the study of literature in the context of contemporary events. The author works mainly with the preserved personal and official correspondence of the eceased Salesian and with state security materials

Dějiny kláštera františkánů ve Skalici se zaměřením na 20. století

Katedra dějin a didaktiky dějepisuFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

Standardization of the Czech version of the Snyder´s Adult dispositional hope scale

Hope is one of important factors affecting the psychological state of individuals. It influences well-being and self-esteem, academic and athletic performance, and even the probability of repeated incarceration of offenders. It also predicts the efficacy of the systematic psychotherapy of mental disorders, as well as the supportive psychotherapy in patients with oncologic illnesses. Hope has a central position in positive and clinical psychology. The aim of the presented work was to translate the adult dispositional hope scale into Czech, verify its psychometric properties and develop the norms for interpreting the resulting scores. The scale could be helpful both in mental health research and practice. 394 healthy adults participated in the study. The average age of the probands was 27.1 + 11.7 years. There were more women (n = 303; i.e. 76.9 %) than men. The most common level of education was secondary (n = 309; 78.4 %). The participants were mainly students (n = 273; 69.3 %) or employees and self-employed individuals (n = 113; 28.7 %). Most of them were single (n = 300; 76.1 %) or married (n = 84; 21.3 %). The Adult Dispositional Hope Scale consists of 12 items. Four items measure pathways thinking (i.e. the ability to find ways to achieve one's goals) and four items assess agency (i.e. goal-directed energy). The remaining four items are fillers that are not interpreted. Apart from this scale, all participants completed a demographic questionnaire and the second version of the Beck Depression Inventory. The statistical analyses consisted of the Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown coefficient analysis, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the correlation between the standardized scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and finally the creation of the norms based on the stens. The overall rate of hope was not statistically significantly associated with the subjects' age (Spearman r = -0.06, non-significant), nor with their sex (Mann-Whitney U test: U = 13,624.5, non-significant). Reliability of the whole scale was assessed by using the Cronbach's alpha (? = 0.82) and the split-half method (the Spearman-Brown coefficient = 0.81). The inner consistency of both subscales was also adequate (the pathways thinking ? = 0.71, the agency ? = 0.73). The factor structure of the scale was confirmed by the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Nevertheless, the exploratory factor analysis identified the ninth item of the scale as problematic. It saturated both the pathways thinking and agency subscale, instead of belonging solely under its agency factor. This was also reflected in the confirmatory factor analysis, although all model fit indices reached satisfactory levels. The total score of the adult dispositional hope scale was significantly negatively correlated with the intensity of depressive symptoms (BDI-II) (Pearson r = -0.41, p ? 0.001). The sten norms were created for the score of the whole scale and both subscales. The Czech version of the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale shows adequate psychometric properties and can be used in the adult population. The norms should be applied with caution in individuals, who reached a primary or vocational level of education, and those who are unemployed, divorced, widowed or older than 60 years

A Structural Assessment of Sycamore Maple Bark Disintegration by Nectria cinnabarina

Previous phytopathological studies of the fungal pathogen Nectria cinnabarina have been focused on its distribution and host diversity but little is known about the spread of this pathogen and the defence responses of forest trees to an infection inside host tissues. Histopathological alterations of bark, periderm, phloem and woody tissues were investigated in sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) branches following their natural attack by the advanced anamorph and teleomorph developmental stages of the fungus. Light, fluorescence, confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy techniques supplemented by X-ray micro-computed tomography imaging were used to distinguish between healthy and disintegrated plant tissues. The intercellular spread of fungal hyphae was found primarily in the phelloderm. Expanding hyphae aggregations produced ruptures in the phellem and the disintegration of both phellogen and phellodermal parenchyma cells in close proximity to the expanding fruiting bodies of the fungus. Thicker hyphae of the teleomorph fungal stage heavily disintegrated the phelloderm tissues and also induced enhanced sclerification of the nearby phloem tissues that limited the spread of the infection into the sieve tubes. Both the intercellular and intracellular spread of hyphae inside the peripheral parts of sclereid clusters led to the disintegration of the compound middle lamellae but the hyphae were only rarely able to pass through these structural phloem barriers. The massive fungal colonization of both lumens and disintegrated tangential cell walls of ray parenchyma cells resulted in severe cambial necroses. Although the hyphae penetrated into the outermost annual growth rings of the xylem, no cell wall disintegration of the parenchyma cells, vessels and fibres was revealed. Despite the local cambial necroses and severe phloem ray disintegration, the bark remained attached to the examined branches and no bark cankers were formed