63 research outputs found
Maternal Health: A Case Study of Rajasthan
This case study has used the results of a review of literature to understand the persistence of poor maternal health in Rajasthan, a large state of north India, and to make some conclusions on reasons for the same. The rate of reduction in Rajasthan's maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has been slow, and it has remained at 445 per 1000 livebirths in 2003. The government system provides the bulk of maternal health services. Although the service infrastructure has improved in stages, the availability of maternal health services in rural areas remains poor because of low availability of human resources, especially midwives and clinical specialists, and their non-residence in rural areas. Various national programmes, such as the Family Planning, Child Survival and Safe Motherhood and Reproductive and Child Health (phase 1 and 2), have attempted to improve maternal health; however, they have not made the desired impact either because of an earlier emphasis on ineffective strategies, slow implementation as reflected in the poor use of available resources, or lack of effective ground-level governance, as exemplified by the widespread practice of informally charging users for free services. Thirty-two percent of women delivered in institutions in 2005-2006. A 2006 government scheme to give financial incentives for delivering in government institutions has led to substantial increase in the proportion of institutional deliveries. The availability of safe abortion services is limited, resulting in a large number of informal abortion service providers and unsafe abortions, especially in rural areas. The recent scheme of Janani Suraksha Yojana provides an opportunity to improve maternal and neonatal health, provided the quality issues can be adequately addressed
Could Kill Switches Kill Phone Theft? Surveying Potential Solution for Smartphone Theft
This paper analyzes the potential efficacy of current proposals to deter smartphone theft and the broader implications they may have
Maternal Health: A Case Study of Rajasthan
This case study has used the results of a review of literature to
understand the persistence of poor maternal health in Rajasthan, a
large state of north India, and to make some conclusions on reasons for
the same. The rate of reduction in Rajasthan\u2019s maternal mortality
ratio (MMR) has been slow, and it has remained at 445 per 1000
livebirths in 2003. The government system provides the bulk of maternal
health services. Although the service infrastructure has improved in
stages, the availability of maternal health services in rural areas
remains poor because of low availability of human resources, especially
midwives and clinical specialists, and their non-residence in rural
areas. Various national programmes, such as the Family Planning, Child
Survival and Safe Motherhood and Reproductive and Child Health (phase 1
and 2), have attempted to improve maternal health; however, they have
not made the desired impact either because of an earlier emphasis on
ineffective strategies, slow implementation as reflected in the poor
use of available resources, or lack of effective ground-level
governance, as exemplified by the widespread practice of informally
charging users for free services. Thirty-two percent of women delivered
in institutions in 2005-2006. A 2006 government scheme to give
financial incentives for delivering in government institutions has led
to substantial increase in the proportion of institutional deliveries.
The availability of safe abortion services is limited, resulting in a
large number of informal abortion service providers and unsafe
abortions, especially in rural areas. The recent scheme of Janani
Suraksha Yojana provides an opportunity to improve maternal and
neonatal health, provided the quality issues can be adequately
addressed
Maternal Health Situation in India: A Case Study
Since the beginning of the Safe Motherhood Initiative, India has accounted for at least a quarter of maternal deaths reported globally. India's goal is to lower maternal mortality to less than 100 per 100,000 livebirths but that is still far away despite its programmatic efforts and rapid economic progress over the past two decades. Geographical vastness and sociocultural diversity mean that maternal mortality varies across the states, and uniform implementation of health-sector reforms is not possible. The case study analyzes the trends in maternal mortality nationally, the maternal healthcare-delivery system at different levels, and the implementation of national maternal health programmes, including recent innovative strategies. It identifies the causes for limited success in improving maternal health and suggests measures to rectify them. It recommends better reporting of maternal deaths and implementation of evidence-based, focused strategies along with effective monitoring for rapid progress. It also stresses the need for regulation of the private sector and encourages further public-private partnerships and policies, along with a strong political will and improved management capacity for improving maternal health
Maternal Health Situation in India: A Case Study
Since the beginning of the Safe Motherhood Initiative, India has
accounted for at least a quarter of maternal deaths reported globally.
India's goal is to lower maternal mortality to less than 100 per
100,000 livebirths but that is still far away despite its programmatic
efforts and rapid economic progress over the past two decades.
Geographical vastness and sociocultural diversity mean that maternal
mortality varies across the states, and uniform implementation of
health-sector reforms is not possible. The case study analyzes the
trends in maternal mortality nationally, the maternal
healthcare-delivery system at different levels, and the implementation
of national maternal health programmes, including recent innovative
strategies. It identifies the causes for limited success in improving
maternal health and suggests measures to rectify them. It recommends
better reporting of maternal deaths and implementation of
evidence-based, focused strategies along with effective monitoring for
rapid progress. It also stresses the need for regulation of the private
sector and encourages further public-private partnerships and policies,
along with a strong political will and improved management capacity for
improving maternal health
Experience counts: females favor multiply mated males over chemically endowed virgins in a moth (Utetheisa ornatrix).
Heritability of body mass, a sexually selected trait, in an arctiid moth (Utetheisa ornatrix).
In the moth Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), females mate preferentially with larger males. Large body mass is advantageous to both sexes: large males sire more young than small males, and large females have higher fecundity than small females. Here we report that body mass is heritable in both sexes, indicating that by choosing larger males females obtain genetic benefits for their offspring. Choosy females also receive extra nutrient and defensive alkaloid by way of their partner’s spermatophores, but these gifts do not affect the heritability of body mass. These results indicate that by exercising mate choice female Utetheisa receive both direct phenotypic and indirect genetic benefits
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