A successful bridge to recovery with Impella 5.0 and subsequent hybrid cardiac resynchronization therapy in systemic right ventricle failure: a case report

Background　Impella 5.0 is currently used as a temporary mechanical circulatory support device in cardiogenic shock (CS). However, Impella 5.0 implantation for the systemic right ventricle (sRV) has not been well documented. Case summary　A 50-year-old man with atrial switch for dextro-transposition of the great arteries was transferred to our hospital for the treatment of embolic acute myocardial infarction of the left main trunk lesion with CS. To stabilize haemodynamics, we implanted Impella 5.0 via the left subclavian artery in the sRV. After optimal medical therapy initiation and gradual weaning of Impella 5.0, Impella 5.0 was successfully explanted. An electrocardiogram was obtained, which showed complete right branch block with a QRS duration of 172 ms. Acute invasive haemodynamic evaluation of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) pacing showed that dP/dt increased from 497 to 605 mmHg/s (21.7% improvement), and hybrid cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) with a sRV epicardial lead was subsequently implanted. The patient was discharged without inotropic support. Discussion　Coronary artery embolism is a rare but serious complication of dextro-transposition of the great arteries after atrial switch operations. Impella 5.0 implantation is a feasible bridge strategy for refractory CS due to sRV failure. Although CRT implantation in patients with sRV is controversial, an acute invasive haemodynamic evaluation can help assess its potential benefits

TRPV2 is critical for the maintenance of cardiac structure and function in mice

The heart has a dynamic compensatory mechanism for haemodynamic stress. However, the molecular details of how mechanical forces are transduced in the heart are unclear. Here we show that the transient receptor potential, vanilloid family type 2 (TRPV2) cation channel is critical for the maintenance of cardiac structure and function. Within 4 days of eliminating TRPV2 from hearts of the adult mice, cardiac function declines severely, with disorganization of the intercalated discs that support mechanical coupling with neighbouring myocytes and myocardial conduction defects. After 9 days, cell shortening and Ca2+ handling by single myocytes are impaired in TRPV2-deficient hearts. TRPV2-deficient neonatal cardiomyocytes form no intercalated discs and show no extracellular Ca2+-dependent intracellular Ca2+ increase and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) secretion in response to stretch stimulation. We further demonstrate that IGF-1 receptor/PI3K/Akt pathway signalling is significantly downregulated in TRPV2-deficient hearts, and that IGF-1 administration partially prevents chamber dilation and impairment in cardiac pump function in these hearts. Our results improve our understanding of the molecular processes underlying the maintenance of cardiac structure and function

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

There is a close relationship between diabetes mellitus and heart failure, and diabetes is an independent risk factor for heart failure. Diabetes and heart failure are linked by not only the complication of ischemic heart disease, but also by metabolic disorders such as glucose toxicity and lipotoxicity based on insulin resistance. Cardiac dysfunction in the absence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and valvular disease is called diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia lead to capillary damage, myocardial fibrosis, and myocardial hypertrophy with mitochondrial dysfunction. Lipotoxicity with extensive fat deposits or lipid droplets is observed on cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, increased oxidative stress and inflammation cause cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Treatment with a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is currently one of the most effective treatments for heart failure associated with diabetes. However, an effective treatment for lipotoxicity of the myocardium has not yet been established, and the establishment of an effective treatment is needed in the future. This review provides an overview of heart failure in diabetic patients for the clinical practice of clinicians

Two Cases of High Tibial Osteotomy in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Biologic Disease-modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) procedure is generally contraindicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients because synovial inflammation may exacerbate joint damage post-surgery. The natural course of joint destruction in RA changed dramatically with new treatment strategies and the introduction of biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). We report the cases of two RA patients who underwent HTO and whose disease activities were well controlled by bDMARDs. Despite their short follow-up periods, they showed acceptable objective and subjective clinical results. We believe that the combination of bDMARDs and HTO can be indicated for selected RA patients before total knee arthroplasty

Severe Aortic Stenosis in Dialysis Patients

Background: Characteristics and prognosis of hemodialysis patients with severe aortic stenosis have not yet been well defined. Methods and Results: The CURRENT AS (contemporary outcomes after surgery and medical treatment in patients with severe aortic stenosis) registry, a Japanese multicenter registry, enrolled 3815 consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis. There were 405 hemodialysis patients (initial aortic valve replacement [AVR] group: N=135 [33.3%], and conservative group: N=270) and 3410 nonhemodialysis patients (initial AVR group: N=1062 [31.1%], and conservative group: N=2348). The median follow‐up duration after the index echocardiography was 1361 days, with 90% follow‐up rate at 2 years. The cumulative 5‐year incidence of all‐cause death was significantly higher in hemodialysis patients than in nonhemodialysis patients in both the entire cohort (71% versus 40%, P<0.001) and in the initial AVR group (63.2% versus 17.9%, P<0.001). Among hemodialysis patients, the initial AVR group as compared with the conservative group was associated with significantly lower cumulative 5‐year incidences of all‐cause death (60.6% versus 75.5%, P<0.001) and sudden death (10.2% versus 31.7%, P<0.001). Nevertheless, the rate of aortic valve procedure–related death, which predominantly occurred within 6 months of the AVR procedure, was markedly higher in the hemodialysis patients than in the nonhemodialysis patients (21.2% and 2.3%, P<0.001). Conclusions: Among hemodialysis patients with severe aortic stenosis, the initial AVR strategy as compared with the conservative strategy was associated with significantly lower long‐term mortality risk, particularly the risk for sudden death, although the effect size for the survival benefit of the initial AVR strategy was smaller than that in the nonhemodialysis patients

園芸学部研究業績紹介(目次)

<p>Multivariable analysis to determine prognostic factors for surgical failure of 2^nd operated trabeculectomy using Cox proportional hazards regression models among the successful 1^st operated eyes.</p

第1084回千葉医学会例会・第21回千葉精神科集談会

<p>The comparison of the successful 2^nd operated eyes versus failed 2^nd operated eyes among successful 1^st operated eyes, Criterion C: n = 30.</p